Investigation on mechanical property and failure mechanism of the carbon/glass hybrid laminate bolted joints using acoustic emission

In this study, tensile tests and acoustic emission (AE) monitoring were performed on single lap specimens of carbon/glass hybrid laminates with different carbon fiber layer angles. The results indicated that the carbon fiber layer angle not only affects the bearing strength and bearing stiffness of hybrid laminates, but also influences the macroscopic extension direction of damage. The study also found that carbon fiber and glass fiber damage exhibit different centroid frequencies. Building on these findings, the analysis identified the primary fiber type involved in fiber damage to different hybrid fiber laminates. Additionally, it was noted that the friction generated between the bolt and the laminate under load triggers AE signals with a high centroid frequency.