An efficient method for estimating building dynamic response due to train operations in tunnel considering transmission path from source to receiver

The paper presents an efficient method for estimating the dynamic response of buildings due to train operations in tunnel. The proposed method involves four models to consider the transmission path in the train-track-tunnel-soil-pile-building chain: the vehicle model, track-tunnel-soil model, building model, and soil-structure interaction model. A series of theoretical methods are employed, including the multibody dynamic method for wheel-rail interaction, the double Euler-Bernoulli beam method for track structures, the wave decomposition method and transfer matrix method for vibration propagation in soil, the impedance method for building vibration transmission. Validation is conducted through measurements of train-induced ground-borne vibrations and building vibrations in Guangzhou, China. The estimated vibrations demonstrated good agreement with measured vibrations, indicating the feasibility of the proposed method. Parametric studies are subsequently conducted to investigate the influence of spatial relationships between tunnel and pile on building vibrations. The presence of piles results in dissipation and attenuation of vibration energy due to the kinematic interaction. The spatial distribution of the wave field within the soil can significantly impact the coupling loss between the soil and structure. The research findings facilitate a clear comprehension of vibration transmission mechanisms from source to receiver, which are readily applicable in engineering practice for engineers.