{"title":"随机基数中的串行交换","authors":"Sean McGuinness","doi":"10.1016/j.dam.2024.09.017","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A well-known <em>symmetric exchange</em> property in matroid theory states that for any two bases <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> of a matroid and any subset <span><math><mrow><mi>X</mi><mo>⊆</mo><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, there is a subset <span><math><mrow><mi>Y</mi><mo>⊆</mo><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> for which <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>Y</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>Y</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>X</mi></mrow></math></span> are bases. There have been a number of proposed strengthenings of this property. As a strengthening of a well-known conjecture of Gabow, Cordovil and Moreira, Kotlar and Ziv (2012) postulated that for any two bases <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and any subset <span><math><mrow><mi>X</mi><mo>⊆</mo><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, there is a subset <span><math><mrow><mi>Y</mi><mo>⊆</mo><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> and orderings <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>≺</mo><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>≺</mo><mo>⋯</mo><mo>≺</mo><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>≺</mo><msub><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>≺</mo><mo>⋯</mo><mo>≺</mo><msub><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> of <span><math><mi>X</mi></math></span> and <span><math><mi>Y</mi></math></span>, respectively, such that for <span><math><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><mi>k</mi></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mrow><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo></mrow><mo>+</mo><mrow><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mrow><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo></mrow><mo>+</mo><mrow><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> are bases; that is, there is a subset <span><math><mrow><mi>Y</mi><mo>⊆</mo><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> for which <span><math><mi>X</mi></math></span> is <em>serially exchangeable</em> with <span><math><mi>Y</mi></math></span>. Progress on this problem has been very limited; to date, this conjecture has only been verified when <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span>. In this paper, we show that for matroids representable over a finite field other than <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, the conjecture is true with high probability when <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><mi>X</mi></math></span> are chosen randomly, provided <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mo>ln</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>, where <span><math><mi>n</mi></math></span> is the rank of the matroid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50573,"journal":{"name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","volume":"361 ","pages":"Pages 103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Serial exchanges in random bases\",\"authors\":\"Sean McGuinness\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.dam.2024.09.017\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>A well-known <em>symmetric exchange</em> property in matroid theory states that for any two bases <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> of a matroid and any subset <span><math><mrow><mi>X</mi><mo>⊆</mo><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, there is a subset <span><math><mrow><mi>Y</mi><mo>⊆</mo><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> for which <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>Y</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>Y</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>X</mi></mrow></math></span> are bases. There have been a number of proposed strengthenings of this property. As a strengthening of a well-known conjecture of Gabow, Cordovil and Moreira, Kotlar and Ziv (2012) postulated that for any two bases <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and any subset <span><math><mrow><mi>X</mi><mo>⊆</mo><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, there is a subset <span><math><mrow><mi>Y</mi><mo>⊆</mo><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> and orderings <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>≺</mo><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>≺</mo><mo>⋯</mo><mo>≺</mo><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>≺</mo><msub><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>≺</mo><mo>⋯</mo><mo>≺</mo><msub><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> of <span><math><mi>X</mi></math></span> and <span><math><mi>Y</mi></math></span>, respectively, such that for <span><math><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><mi>k</mi></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mrow><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo></mrow><mo>+</mo><mrow><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mrow><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo></mrow><mo>+</mo><mrow><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> are bases; that is, there is a subset <span><math><mrow><mi>Y</mi><mo>⊆</mo><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> for which <span><math><mi>X</mi></math></span> is <em>serially exchangeable</em> with <span><math><mi>Y</mi></math></span>. Progress on this problem has been very limited; to date, this conjecture has only been verified when <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span>. In this paper, we show that for matroids representable over a finite field other than <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, the conjecture is true with high probability when <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><mi>X</mi></math></span> are chosen randomly, provided <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mo>ln</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>, where <span><math><mi>n</mi></math></span> is the rank of the matroid.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50573,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Discrete Applied Mathematics\",\"volume\":\"361 \",\"pages\":\"Pages 103-110\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-04\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Discrete Applied Mathematics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"100\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166218X24004074\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"数学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"MATHEMATICS, APPLIED\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166218X24004074","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS, APPLIED","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
矩阵理论中有一个著名的对称交换性质,即对于矩阵的任意两个基 B1 和 B2 以及任意子集 X⊆B1,都有一个子集 Y⊆B2,其中 B1-X+Y 和 B2-Y+X 是基。对这一性质有许多强化建议。作为对 Gabow、Cordovil 和 Moreira 一个著名猜想的加强,Kotlar 和 Ziv(2012 年)假设,对于任意两个基 B1 和 B2 以及任意子集 X⊆B1、有一个子集 Y⊆B2,以及 X 和 Y 的排序 x1≺x2≺⋯≺xk 和 y1≺y2≺⋯≺yk,使得对于 i=1,...,k,B1-{x1,...,xi}+{y1,...,yi}和 B2-{y1,...,yi}+{x1,...,xi}是基;也就是说,存在一个子集 Y⊆B2,对于这个子集,X 与 Y 是可以序列交换的。这个问题的研究进展非常有限;迄今为止,只有当 |X|≤2 时,这个猜想才被验证。在本文中,我们证明了对于在 Z2 以外的有限域上可表示的矩阵,只要 |X|≤ln(n),其中 n 是矩阵的秩,那么在随机选择 B1、B2 和 X 时,猜想很有可能是真的。
A well-known symmetric exchange property in matroid theory states that for any two bases and of a matroid and any subset , there is a subset for which and are bases. There have been a number of proposed strengthenings of this property. As a strengthening of a well-known conjecture of Gabow, Cordovil and Moreira, Kotlar and Ziv (2012) postulated that for any two bases and and any subset , there is a subset and orderings and of and , respectively, such that for , and are bases; that is, there is a subset for which is serially exchangeable with . Progress on this problem has been very limited; to date, this conjecture has only been verified when . In this paper, we show that for matroids representable over a finite field other than , the conjecture is true with high probability when , and are chosen randomly, provided , where is the rank of the matroid.
期刊介绍:
The aim of Discrete Applied Mathematics is to bring together research papers in different areas of algorithmic and applicable discrete mathematics as well as applications of combinatorial mathematics to informatics and various areas of science and technology. Contributions presented to the journal can be research papers, short notes, surveys, and possibly research problems. The "Communications" section will be devoted to the fastest possible publication of recent research results that are checked and recommended for publication by a member of the Editorial Board. The journal will also publish a limited number of book announcements as well as proceedings of conferences. These proceedings will be fully refereed and adhere to the normal standards of the journal.
Potential authors are advised to view the journal and the open calls-for-papers of special issues before submitting their manuscripts. Only high-quality, original work that is within the scope of the journal or the targeted special issue will be considered.