Synthesis, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of ZnO, PbO, and Al2O3 NPs obtained by calcining new coordination polymers

Creating novel nanomaterials with excellent biological behavior and non-toxic is necessary to achieve more efficient treatment. This research aims to prepare metal oxide nanoparticles and evaluate their bioactivity. New Zn(II), Pb(II), and Al(III) coordination polymers were synthesized with the formula [Zn(BDC)(AMPY)(H₂O)], [Pb(BDC)(AMPY)(H₂O].H₂O, and [Al(BDC)(AMPY)Cl)].H₂O (BDC = 1,4-benzene dicarboxylate and AMPY = 2-amino-4-methyl pyrimidine), and were used as precursors to prepare ZnO, PbO, and Al₂O₃ NPs by calcination method, it is a simple technique, inexpensive, and gives better size, shape, high purity, and crystalline. The created compounds were examined by elemental analysis (C.H.N), ultraviolet spectra, IR spectra, Thermal studies, XRD, and electron microscopes (SEM and TEM). The results showed that all coordination polymers exhibit octahedral geometry, react in the ratios (1:1:1) (BDC: M: AMPY), non-electrolyte, and diamagnetic. According to Transmission electron microscopy, the particle size of metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) was found to be 50.14 nm for ZnO with rods and near-spherical shape, ∼3 nm for PbO, and 21.12 nm for Al₂O₃ NPs, both have spherical shapes, these results matched with SEM and XRD. Two species of gram (+v) bacteria, two species of gram (−v) bacteria, and one yeast strain were used to test the antimicrobial effect of MONPs using the agar disk diffusion method. The antioxidant activity of the produced compounds was determined by scavenging DPPH free radicals. Based on the inhibition zone and the DPPH radical scavenging percentage, the prepared metal oxide nanoparticles can be considered antimicrobial and antioxidant agents.