Adverse Childhood Experiences and Intimate Partner Violence: Exploring Implications for Young Adults’ Romantic Outlook

In the present study, we used data from a community sample of 442 American young adults ages 18 to 35 to explore the associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), intimate partner violence (IPV), and young adults’ romantic outlook (i.e., general attitude toward romantic involvement), which includes perceived average relationship quality, desire for relationships, and dismissal of relationships. Guided by a life course perspective, we examined whether ACEs and IPV work together to predict romantic outlook among young adults. We also explored whether education level moderated the effects of ACEs and IPV on romantic outlook during young adulthood. Our findings suggest that different types of IPV (physical, sexual, and psychological) are associated with different outcomes in terms of perceived relationship quality, desire, and dismissal. We also identified several significant findings related to educational attainment. Specifically, in the higher educational attainment group, participants with high ACE scores combined with high rates of IPV reported lower relationship desire and lower perceived relationship quality. These findings suggest a nuanced view of how both childhood experiences and different types of IPV are related to romantic outlook for young adults. Additionally, these findings suggest that higher education levels can strengthen the influence of adverse experiences during one’s lifetime (ACEs and/or IPV) on young adults’ romantic outlook.