Insight into ocular complications of West Nile Virus: A case report of chorioretinal scarring

Purpose

This case report aims to emphasize the significance of the ocular manifestations in individuals with West Nile Virus (WNV) infection, with primary neurological involvement. By presenting a case of chorioretinal scarring secondary to WNV, we highlight the importance of a thorough ophthalmological evaluation in suspected cases of WNV to identify potential sight-threatening complications.

Observations

A 63-year-old woman presented with neurological symptoms following a trip to Denver, USA, including headaches, fever, and decreased consciousness. Despite initial treatment for suspected meningoencephalitis, her condition deteriorated, leading to focal seizures and profound weakness. Ophthalmological examination revealed chorioretinal lesions consistent with WNV retinopathy.

Conclusions

and Importance: WNV can present with neurological symptoms, and ocular complications can lead to significant visual impairment. This case report highlights the importance of asking individuals with suspected WNV about ocular symptoms. Despite the absence of a preventive treatment for ocular manifestations, clinicians must stay attentive to ocular symptoms in patients to mitigate potential complications, such as chorioretinal neovascularization, which can be treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy injections.