Elena Cojocaru, Mădălina Oprea, George Mihail Vlăsceanu, Mădălina-Cristina Nicolae, Roxana-Cristina Popescu, Paul-Emil Mereuţă, Alin-Georgian Toader and Mariana Ioniţă
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引用次数: 0
摘要
复制细胞外基质(ECM)的复杂结构是骨组织工程领域的一项实际挑战。本研究利用三维打印技术制备了基于海藻酸钙/纤维素纳米纤丝的三维打印支架,并使用壳聚糖/聚环氧乙烷电纺纳米纤维(NFs)和氧化石墨烯(GO)进行双重增强。多孔基质由海藻酸钙提供,而各向异性程度和机械性能则通过添加不同尺寸和形状的填料(CNFs、NFs、GO)来确保,这些填料与骨 ECM 中天然存在的成分相似。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和微型计算机断层扫描(μ-CT)分析了表面形态和三维内部微观结构,结果表明,添加增强纤维和功能纤维以及 GO 片似乎对材料结构的形成有协同作用。此外,纳米压痕测量显示,不同测量点的弹性和粘度模量存在显著差异,这证明了支架的各向异性。对 MG-63 成骨细胞进行的体外试验证实了海藻酸钙基质支架的生物相容性,并突出了 GO 的骨刺激和矿化增强效应。由于这些新型材料具有生物相容性、与原生骨 ECM 相似的结构复杂性以及仿生机械特性(如高机械强度和杜罗他性),因此被认为适用于特定的功能需求,如引导支持骨组织形成。
Dual nanofiber and graphene reinforcement of 3D printed biomimetic supports for bone tissue repair†
Replicating the intricate architecture of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is an actual challenge in the field of bone tissue engineering. In the present research study, calcium alginate/cellulose nanofibrils-based 3D printed scaffolds, double-reinforced with chitosan/polyethylene oxide electrospun nanofibers (NFs) and graphene oxide (GO) were prepared using the 3D printing technique. The porous matrix was provided by the calcium alginate, while the anisotropy degree and mechanical properties were ensured by the addition of fillers with different sizes and shapes (CNFs, NFs, GO), similar to the components naturally found in bone ECM. Surface morphology and 3D internal microstructure were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-computed tomography (μ-CT), which evidenced a synergistic effect of the reinforcing and functional fibers addition, as well as of the GO sheets that seem to govern materials structuration. Also, the nanoindentation measurements showed significant differences in the elasticity and viscosity modulus, depending on the measurement point, this supported the anisotropic character of the scaffolds. In vitro assays performed on MG-63 osteoblast cells confirmed the biocompatibility of the calcium alginate-based scaffolds and highlighted the osteostimulatory and mineralization enhancement effect of GO. In virtue of their biocompatibility, structural complexity similar with the one of native bone ECM, and biomimetic mechanical characteristics (e.g. high mechanical strength, durotaxis), these novel materials were considered appropriate for specific functional needs, like guided support for bone tissue formation.
期刊介绍:
An international, peer-reviewed journal covering all of the chemical sciences, including multidisciplinary and emerging areas. RSC Advances is a gold open access journal allowing researchers free access to research articles, and offering an affordable open access publishing option for authors around the world.