Wenfeng Liu, Shahram Janbaz, David Dykstra, Bernard Ennis, Corentin Coulais
{"title":"利用连续超材料的可塑性实现理想的冲击吸收效果","authors":"Wenfeng Liu, Shahram Janbaz, David Dykstra, Bernard Ennis, Corentin Coulais","doi":"10.1038/s41586-024-08037-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mechanical metamaterials exhibit interesting properties such as high stiffness at low density<sup>1,2,3</sup>, enhanced energy absorption<sup>3,4</sup>, shape morphing<sup>5,6,7</sup>, sequential deformations<sup>8,9,10,11</sup>, auxeticity<sup>12,13,14</sup> and robust waveguiding<sup>15,16</sup>. Until now, metamaterial design has primarily relied on geometry, and materials nonlinearities such as viscoelasticity, fracture and plasticity have been largely left out of the design rationale. In fact, plastic deformations have been traditionally seen as a failure mode and thereby carefully avoided<sup>1,3,17,18</sup>. Here we embrace plasticity instead and discover a delicate balance between plasticity and buckling instability, which we term ‘yield buckling’. We exploit yield buckling to design metamaterials that buckle sequentially in an arbitrary large sequence of steps whilst keeping a load-bearing capacity. We make use of sequential yield buckling to create metamaterials that combine stiffness and dissipation—two properties that are usually incompatible—and that can be used several times. Hence, our metamaterials exhibit superior shock-absorption performance. Our findings add plasticity to the metamaterial toolbox and make mechanical metamaterials a burgeoning technology with serious potential for mass production.</p>","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":50.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Harnessing plasticity in sequential metamaterials for ideal shock absorption\",\"authors\":\"Wenfeng Liu, Shahram Janbaz, David Dykstra, Bernard Ennis, Corentin Coulais\",\"doi\":\"10.1038/s41586-024-08037-0\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Mechanical metamaterials exhibit interesting properties such as high stiffness at low density<sup>1,2,3</sup>, enhanced energy absorption<sup>3,4</sup>, shape morphing<sup>5,6,7</sup>, sequential deformations<sup>8,9,10,11</sup>, auxeticity<sup>12,13,14</sup> and robust waveguiding<sup>15,16</sup>. Until now, metamaterial design has primarily relied on geometry, and materials nonlinearities such as viscoelasticity, fracture and plasticity have been largely left out of the design rationale. In fact, plastic deformations have been traditionally seen as a failure mode and thereby carefully avoided<sup>1,3,17,18</sup>. Here we embrace plasticity instead and discover a delicate balance between plasticity and buckling instability, which we term ‘yield buckling’. We exploit yield buckling to design metamaterials that buckle sequentially in an arbitrary large sequence of steps whilst keeping a load-bearing capacity. We make use of sequential yield buckling to create metamaterials that combine stiffness and dissipation—two properties that are usually incompatible—and that can be used several times. Hence, our metamaterials exhibit superior shock-absorption performance. Our findings add plasticity to the metamaterial toolbox and make mechanical metamaterials a burgeoning technology with serious potential for mass production.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":18787,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Nature\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":50.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-16\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Nature\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"103\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08037-0\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"综合性期刊\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nature","FirstCategoryId":"103","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08037-0","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Harnessing plasticity in sequential metamaterials for ideal shock absorption
Mechanical metamaterials exhibit interesting properties such as high stiffness at low density1,2,3, enhanced energy absorption3,4, shape morphing5,6,7, sequential deformations8,9,10,11, auxeticity12,13,14 and robust waveguiding15,16. Until now, metamaterial design has primarily relied on geometry, and materials nonlinearities such as viscoelasticity, fracture and plasticity have been largely left out of the design rationale. In fact, plastic deformations have been traditionally seen as a failure mode and thereby carefully avoided1,3,17,18. Here we embrace plasticity instead and discover a delicate balance between plasticity and buckling instability, which we term ‘yield buckling’. We exploit yield buckling to design metamaterials that buckle sequentially in an arbitrary large sequence of steps whilst keeping a load-bearing capacity. We make use of sequential yield buckling to create metamaterials that combine stiffness and dissipation—two properties that are usually incompatible—and that can be used several times. Hence, our metamaterials exhibit superior shock-absorption performance. Our findings add plasticity to the metamaterial toolbox and make mechanical metamaterials a burgeoning technology with serious potential for mass production.
期刊介绍:
Nature is a prestigious international journal that publishes peer-reviewed research in various scientific and technological fields. The selection of articles is based on criteria such as originality, importance, interdisciplinary relevance, timeliness, accessibility, elegance, and surprising conclusions. In addition to showcasing significant scientific advances, Nature delivers rapid, authoritative, insightful news, and interpretation of current and upcoming trends impacting science, scientists, and the broader public. The journal serves a dual purpose: firstly, to promptly share noteworthy scientific advances and foster discussions among scientists, and secondly, to ensure the swift dissemination of scientific results globally, emphasizing their significance for knowledge, culture, and daily life.