Alireza Mafi , Bijan Iraj , Mohammad Hossein Aarabi
{"title":"二甲双胍治疗下的 2 型糖尿病患者补充巴豆苷对代谢和遗传参数的有益影响：随机双盲对照临床试验","authors":"Alireza Mafi , Bijan Iraj , Mohammad Hossein Aarabi","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2024.106507","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>Since it has been demonstrated that inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are important<!--> <!-->in the etiology and complexity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), antioxidant treatment is recognized as an effective approach for managing the progression of the disease. The current study was conducted to assess the effects of crocin administration on metabolic and genetic indices in T2DM patients who were receiving metformin.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Sixty T2DM patients, receiving metformin, were included in our randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Patients were divided<!--> <!-->into two groups (n = 30) and received either 15 mg/day crocin supplementation or a placebo twice a day for 12 weeks. Fasting blood was obtained at the beginning and end of the intervention to assess glycemic index, lipid content, indicators of inflammation, and OS. Patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were analyzed for gene expression associated with OS and inflammation using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Crocin intake significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose (P < 0.001), HbA<sub>1</sub>c (P = 0.002), serum insulin levels (P = 0.03), and insulin resistance (P < 0.001), while significantly enhanced insulin sensitivity (P < 0.001) compared with the placebo. These improvements were also found to be statistically significant in comparison to the baseline values in the crocin group. Moreover, a significant reduction in triglyceride levels (P = 0.04), VLDL-cholesterol (P = 0.04), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P < 0.001), malondialdehyde (P = 0.046), and significant enhancement of plasma glutathione (P = 0.008) were found in the intervention group compared to the placebo group. Additionally, the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in the intervention group decreased compared to baseline while it increased in the placebo group. Crocin significantly lowered TOS (P < 0.05); however, at the end of the trial there was no significant difference<!--> <!-->between the two groups. Eventually, crocin supplementation induced AMP-activated protein kinase (P = 0.002) and glucose transporter type 4 (P = 0.02), while downregulating nuclear factor kappa B gene expression levels (P = 0.04) of PBMC compared to the placebo.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Overall, crocin supplementation was demonstrated to have ameliorative effects on glycemic indices as well as cardio-metabolic risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 106507"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The beneficial effects of crocin supplementation on metabolic and genetic parameters in type 2 diabetic patients under metformin treatment: A randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial\",\"authors\":\"Alireza Mafi , Bijan Iraj , Mohammad Hossein Aarabi\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jff.2024.106507\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>Since it has been demonstrated that inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are important<!--> <!-->in the etiology and complexity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), antioxidant treatment is recognized as an effective approach for managing the progression of the disease. The current study was conducted to assess the effects of crocin administration on metabolic and genetic indices in T2DM patients who were receiving metformin.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Sixty T2DM patients, receiving metformin, were included in our randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Patients were divided<!--> <!-->into two groups (n = 30) and received either 15 mg/day crocin supplementation or a placebo twice a day for 12 weeks. Fasting blood was obtained at the beginning and end of the intervention to assess glycemic index, lipid content, indicators of inflammation, and OS. Patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were analyzed for gene expression associated with OS and inflammation using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Crocin intake significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose (P < 0.001), HbA<sub>1</sub>c (P = 0.002), serum insulin levels (P = 0.03), and insulin resistance (P < 0.001), while significantly enhanced insulin sensitivity (P < 0.001) compared with the placebo. These improvements were also found to be statistically significant in comparison to the baseline values in the crocin group. Moreover, a significant reduction in triglyceride levels (P = 0.04), VLDL-cholesterol (P = 0.04), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P < 0.001), malondialdehyde (P = 0.046), and significant enhancement of plasma glutathione (P = 0.008) were found in the intervention group compared to the placebo group. Additionally, the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in the intervention group decreased compared to baseline while it increased in the placebo group. Crocin significantly lowered TOS (P < 0.05); however, at the end of the trial there was no significant difference<!--> <!-->between the two groups. Eventually, crocin supplementation induced AMP-activated protein kinase (P = 0.002) and glucose transporter type 4 (P = 0.02), while downregulating nuclear factor kappa B gene expression levels (P = 0.04) of PBMC compared to the placebo.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Overall, crocin supplementation was demonstrated to have ameliorative effects on glycemic indices as well as cardio-metabolic risk.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":360,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Functional Foods\",\"volume\":\"122 \",\"pages\":\"Article 106507\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-16\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Functional Foods\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464624005097\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Functional Foods","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464624005097","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
The beneficial effects of crocin supplementation on metabolic and genetic parameters in type 2 diabetic patients under metformin treatment: A randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial
Background and objective
Since it has been demonstrated that inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are important in the etiology and complexity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), antioxidant treatment is recognized as an effective approach for managing the progression of the disease. The current study was conducted to assess the effects of crocin administration on metabolic and genetic indices in T2DM patients who were receiving metformin.
Materials and methods
Sixty T2DM patients, receiving metformin, were included in our randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Patients were divided into two groups (n = 30) and received either 15 mg/day crocin supplementation or a placebo twice a day for 12 weeks. Fasting blood was obtained at the beginning and end of the intervention to assess glycemic index, lipid content, indicators of inflammation, and OS. Patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were analyzed for gene expression associated with OS and inflammation using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR).
Results
Crocin intake significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose (P < 0.001), HbA1c (P = 0.002), serum insulin levels (P = 0.03), and insulin resistance (P < 0.001), while significantly enhanced insulin sensitivity (P < 0.001) compared with the placebo. These improvements were also found to be statistically significant in comparison to the baseline values in the crocin group. Moreover, a significant reduction in triglyceride levels (P = 0.04), VLDL-cholesterol (P = 0.04), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P < 0.001), malondialdehyde (P = 0.046), and significant enhancement of plasma glutathione (P = 0.008) were found in the intervention group compared to the placebo group. Additionally, the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in the intervention group decreased compared to baseline while it increased in the placebo group. Crocin significantly lowered TOS (P < 0.05); however, at the end of the trial there was no significant difference between the two groups. Eventually, crocin supplementation induced AMP-activated protein kinase (P = 0.002) and glucose transporter type 4 (P = 0.02), while downregulating nuclear factor kappa B gene expression levels (P = 0.04) of PBMC compared to the placebo.
Conclusion
Overall, crocin supplementation was demonstrated to have ameliorative effects on glycemic indices as well as cardio-metabolic risk.
期刊介绍：
Journal of Functional Foods continues with the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. We give authors the possibility to publish their top-quality papers in a well-established leading journal in the food and nutrition fields. The Journal will keep its rigorous criteria to screen high impact research addressing relevant scientific topics and performed by sound methodologies.
The Journal of Functional Foods aims to bring together the results of fundamental and applied research into healthy foods and biologically active food ingredients.
The Journal is centered in the specific area at the boundaries among food technology, nutrition and health welcoming papers having a good interdisciplinary approach. The Journal will cover the fields of plant bioactives; dietary fibre, probiotics; functional lipids; bioactive peptides; vitamins, minerals and botanicals and other dietary supplements. Nutritional and technological aspects related to the development of functional foods and beverages are of core interest to the journal. Experimental works dealing with food digestion, bioavailability of food bioactives and on the mechanisms by which foods and their components are able to modulate physiological parameters connected with disease prevention are of particular interest as well as those dealing with personalized nutrition and nutritional needs in pathological subjects.
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