Nicola Ceolotto, Kishore Jagadeesan, Like Xu, Richard Standerwick, Megan Robertson, Ruth Barden, Julie Barnett, Barbara Kasprzyk-Hordern
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Personal care products use during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: environmental and public health impact assessment using wastewater-based epidemiology
The recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had profound consequences on people's wellbeing, societies and economy worldwide. This manuscript discusses public exposure to chemicals of concern in personal care products (parabens and benzophenones) during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. These were monitored for two years in four catchments (two cities and two towns) in South West England accounting for >1 million people. Results showed slightly higher usage of personal care products in small towns than big cities. Major changes in usage of parabens (p values < 0.05) were observed during national lockdowns (NLs). This is likely due to increased awareness towards personal hygiene. In contrast, benzophenones showed seasonal trends; there were higher correlations with sunshine prevalence and temperature rather than NLs reflecting their usage in sunscreen products. Estimation of per capita intake of parabens and benzophenones using WBE revealed lower intake than the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) established by the EFSA; however, the metabolism factor used was considered putative due to the lack of pharmacokinetic studies. Prediction of environmental exposure revealed peaks of higher impact during NLs and first year of pandemic, nevertheless the overall predicted values were below Predicted No Effect Concentrations (PNEC).
期刊介绍:
Water Research, along with its open access companion journal Water Research X, serves as a platform for publishing original research papers covering various aspects of the science and technology related to the anthropogenic water cycle, water quality, and its management worldwide. The audience targeted by the journal comprises biologists, chemical engineers, chemists, civil engineers, environmental engineers, limnologists, and microbiologists. The scope of the journal include:
•Treatment processes for water and wastewaters (municipal, agricultural, industrial, and on-site treatment), including resource recovery and residuals management;
•Urban hydrology including sewer systems, stormwater management, and green infrastructure;
•Drinking water treatment and distribution;
•Potable and non-potable water reuse;
•Sanitation, public health, and risk assessment;
•Anaerobic digestion, solid and hazardous waste management, including source characterization and the effects and control of leachates and gaseous emissions;
•Contaminants (chemical, microbial, anthropogenic particles such as nanoparticles or microplastics) and related water quality sensing, monitoring, fate, and assessment;
•Anthropogenic impacts on inland, tidal, coastal and urban waters, focusing on surface and ground waters, and point and non-point sources of pollution;
•Environmental restoration, linked to surface water, groundwater and groundwater remediation;
•Analysis of the interfaces between sediments and water, and between water and atmosphere, focusing specifically on anthropogenic impacts;
•Mathematical modelling, systems analysis, machine learning, and beneficial use of big data related to the anthropogenic water cycle;
•Socio-economic, policy, and regulations studies.