Recent advances and principles of metal–organic framework for the detection of chloramphenicol: Perspectives and challenges

According to the continuous development of today’s society, the production of environmental pollutants has been a severe concern observed in the drug industries. For instance, the demand for the consumption of antibiotics is one of them that is increasing, and the residual hazards of the broad-spectrum antibiotic chloramphenicol (CAP) are widespread, which can not only pollute the environment but can also have negative health impacts on humans. Thus, the detection of CAP is of great significance. Among the used chemical materials to solve this issue, the essential metal–organic skeletons, namely metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have promising applications due to their advantages such as large specific surface area (SA), abundant pores, and luminescent properties. This paper describes the principles of electrochemical, fluorescent, and probe assays related to the detection of CAP. A more comprehensive overview of the use of MOFs for the detection of CAP and other antibiotics in water and food and how CAP can be monitored with high sensitivity, high selectivity, and stability in the form of various sensors is given, as well as future perspectives on MOFs materials that have the potential to be used as sensors.