跨越土著领地群岛的亚马逊保护。

IF 5.2 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Conservation Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI:10.1111/cobi.14407
Michael S Esbach, Joel E Correia, Gabriela Valdivia, Flora Lu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

土著管理对于保护生物文化多样性至关重要,但传统的保护模式往往将土著领地(ITs)视为同质或孤立的单位。我们提出,土著领地群岛(AITs)是土著领地的集群,它们跨越地理区域,但通过土著民族维持的共同文化或政治纽带连接在一起,对于理解和加强认识到土著管理复杂性的保护战略至关重要。我们将亚马逊地区的 3572 个 ITs 分成 4 类--单个或多个民族的单一 IT 或 AIT,以评估其空间异质性、治理和保护潜力。然后,我们对这些不同类别的物种丰富度、碳储量和压力进行了评估。为了研究 AIT 如何加强生物文化保护工作,我们对厄瓜多尔的科凡国家进行了案例研究。AIT覆盖了亚马逊地区 45% 的土地面积,其物种丰富度和碳储量均高于单一 IT 配置。然而,AITs 面临着来自开发和采掘活动的更大压力。在案例研究中,科凡 AIT 受到殖民化和土地所有权挑战的影响,但其社区驱动的治理、跨地域合作以及适应性应对措施(如共同管理协议和抵制采掘活动)增强了其在日益增长的发展压力下的生态和文化复原力。我们的研究结果表明,非传统技术促进了资源、知识和文化习俗的交流,从而加强了社会连通性,强化了治理结构,实现了跨信息技术的适应性管理,从而增强了跨不连续空间的生物文化复原力。这项研究倡导保护规划和实践模式的转变,承认亚马逊土著社区在维持亚马逊生态系统和土著生活方式方面的重要作用,尤其是在面临日益增长的压力时。
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Amazonian conservation across archipelagos of Indigenous territories.

Indigenous stewardship is essential to the conservation of biocultural diversity, yet conventional conservation models often treat Indigenous territories (ITs) as homogeneous or isolated units. We propose that archipelagos of Indigenous territories (AITs), clusters of ITs that span geographies but are connected through shared cultural or political ties maintained by Indigenous nations, are crucial for understanding and enhancing conservation strategies that recognize the complexity of Indigenous stewardship. We classified 3572 ITs in the Amazon into 4 categories-single or multiple nations with either singular IT or AIT-to assess their spatial heterogeneity, governance, and conservation potential. We then assessed species richness, carbon stocks, and pressures across these different categories. To examine how AITs can enhance biocultural conservation efforts, we conducted a case study of the Cofán Nation in Ecuador. AITs covered 45% of the Amazonian land area and had higher species richness and carbon stocks than single IT configurations. However, AITs faced greater pressures from development and extractive activities. In the case study, the Cofán AIT was shaped by colonization and land titling challenges, but their community-driven governance, cross-territorial collaboration, and adaptive responses-such as comanagement agreements and resisting extractive activities-enhanced their ecological and cultural resilience amid growing development pressures. Our findings suggest that AITs facilitate the exchange of resources, knowledge, and cultural practices, which strengthens social connectivity, reinforces governance structures, and enables adaptive management across ITs, thereby enhancing biocultural resilience across discontinuous spaces. This work advocates for a paradigm shift in conservation planning and practice that recognizes the vital role of AITs in sustaining Amazonian ecosystems and Indigenous lifeways, particularly in the face of increasing pressures.

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来源期刊
Conservation Biology
Conservation Biology 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
12.70
自引率
3.20%
发文量
175
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Conservation Biology welcomes submissions that address the science and practice of conserving Earth's biological diversity. We encourage submissions that emphasize issues germane to any of Earth''s ecosystems or geographic regions and that apply diverse approaches to analyses and problem solving. Nevertheless, manuscripts with relevance to conservation that transcend the particular ecosystem, species, or situation described will be prioritized for publication.
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