{"title":"AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE 基因调控桔梗的生殖生长和花蕾休眠。","authors":"Fangfang Cai, Xin Jin, Linshan Han, Hui Chen, Changsheng Shao, Gehui Shi, Manzhu Bao, Yuqiang Sun, Jiaqi Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00299-024-03349-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>Platanus acerifolia AIL genes PaAIL5a/b and PaAIL6b participate in FT-AP1/FUL-AIL pathways to regulate bud dormancy. In addition, PaAIL6a/b can promote flowering, and PaAIL5b and PaAIL6b affect floral development. Bud dormancy and floral induction are essential processes for perennial plants, they are both regulated by photoperiod, temperature, and hormones, indicating the existence of common regulators for both processes. AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE (AIL) genes regulate reproductive growth of annual plants, including floral induction and flower development, and their homologs in poplar and grape act downstream of the florigen gene FT and the floral meristem identity genes AP1/FUL and function to maintain growth and thus inhibit dormancy induction. However, it is not known whether AIL homologs participate in the reproduction processes in perennials and whether the Platanus acerifolia AIL genes are involved in dormancy. P. acerifolia is a perennial woody plant whose reproductive growth is strongly associated with dormancy. Here, we isolated four AIL homologs from P. acerifolia, PaAIL5a, PaAIL5b, PaAIL6a, and PaAIL6b, and systematically investigated their functions by ectopic-overexpression in tobacco. The findings demonstrate that PaAIL5a/b and PaAIL6b respond to short day, low temperature, and hormone signals and act as the components of the FT-AP1/FUL-AIL pathway to regulate the bud dormancy in P. acerifolia. Notably, PaAIL5a/b and PaAIL6b function downstream of PaFTL-PaFUL1/2/3 to inhibit the dormancy induction and downstream of PaFT-PaFUL2/3 to promote the dormancy release. In addition, PaAIL6a/b were found to accelerate flowering in transgenic tobacco, whereas PaAIL5b and PaAIL6b affected the flower development. Together, our results suggest that PaAIL genes may act downstream of different PaFT/PaFTL and PaFUL proteins to fulfill conservative and diverse roles in floral initiation, floral development, and dormancy regulation in P. acerifolia.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE genes regulate reproductive growth and bud dormancy in Platanus acerifolia.\",\"authors\":\"Fangfang Cai, Xin Jin, Linshan Han, Hui Chen, Changsheng Shao, Gehui Shi, Manzhu Bao, Yuqiang Sun, Jiaqi Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s00299-024-03349-x\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>Platanus acerifolia AIL genes PaAIL5a/b and PaAIL6b participate in FT-AP1/FUL-AIL pathways to regulate bud dormancy. In addition, PaAIL6a/b can promote flowering, and PaAIL5b and PaAIL6b affect floral development. Bud dormancy and floral induction are essential processes for perennial plants, they are both regulated by photoperiod, temperature, and hormones, indicating the existence of common regulators for both processes. AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE (AIL) genes regulate reproductive growth of annual plants, including floral induction and flower development, and their homologs in poplar and grape act downstream of the florigen gene FT and the floral meristem identity genes AP1/FUL and function to maintain growth and thus inhibit dormancy induction. However, it is not known whether AIL homologs participate in the reproduction processes in perennials and whether the Platanus acerifolia AIL genes are involved in dormancy. P. acerifolia is a perennial woody plant whose reproductive growth is strongly associated with dormancy. Here, we isolated four AIL homologs from P. acerifolia, PaAIL5a, PaAIL5b, PaAIL6a, and PaAIL6b, and systematically investigated their functions by ectopic-overexpression in tobacco. The findings demonstrate that PaAIL5a/b and PaAIL6b respond to short day, low temperature, and hormone signals and act as the components of the FT-AP1/FUL-AIL pathway to regulate the bud dormancy in P. acerifolia. Notably, PaAIL5a/b and PaAIL6b function downstream of PaFTL-PaFUL1/2/3 to inhibit the dormancy induction and downstream of PaFT-PaFUL2/3 to promote the dormancy release. In addition, PaAIL6a/b were found to accelerate flowering in transgenic tobacco, whereas PaAIL5b and PaAIL6b affected the flower development. Together, our results suggest that PaAIL genes may act downstream of different PaFT/PaFTL and PaFUL proteins to fulfill conservative and diverse roles in floral initiation, floral development, and dormancy regulation in P. acerifolia.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":20204,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Plant Cell Reports\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-14\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Plant Cell Reports\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-024-03349-x\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PLANT SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Plant Cell Reports","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-024-03349-x","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
关键信息:Platanus acerifolia AIL 基因 PaAIL5a/b 和 PaAIL6b 参与 FT-AP1/FUL-AIL 途径,调节花芽休眠。此外,PAAIL6a/b 能促进开花,PAAIL5b 和 PaAIL6b 影响花的发育。芽休眠和花诱导是多年生植物的重要过程,它们都受光周期、温度和激素的调控,表明这两个过程存在共同的调控因子。AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE(AIL)基因调控一年生植物的生殖生长,包括花的诱导和花的发育,其在杨树和葡萄中的同源物作用于花源基因 FT 和花分生组织特征基因 AP1/FUL 的下游,具有维持生长的功能,从而抑制休眠的诱导。然而,AIL 同源基因是否参与多年生植物的繁殖过程,以及皂荚属植物的 AIL 基因是否参与休眠,目前尚不清楚。桔梗是一种多年生木本植物,其生殖生长与休眠密切相关。在此,我们从桔梗中分离出了四个 AIL 同源物:PaAIL5a、PaAIL5b、PaAIL6a 和 PaAIL6b,并通过在烟草中异位表达系统地研究了它们的功能。研究结果表明,PaAIL5a/b和PaAIL6b能响应短日照、低温和激素信号,并作为FT-AP1/FUL-AIL通路的组分调控P.acerifolia的花蕾休眠。值得注意的是,PaAIL5a/b 和 PaAIL6b 在 PaFTL-PaFUL1/2/3 的下游起抑制休眠诱导的作用,在 PaFT-PaFUL2/3 的下游起促进休眠解除的作用。此外,我们还发现 PaAIL6a/b 能加速转基因烟草的开花,而 PaAIL5b 和 PaAIL6b 则影响花的发育。总之,我们的研究结果表明,PaAIL基因可能作用于不同的PaFT/PaFTL和PaFUL蛋白的下游,在P. acerifolia的花萌发、花发育和休眠调控中发挥保守而多样的作用。
AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE genes regulate reproductive growth and bud dormancy in Platanus acerifolia.
Key message: Platanus acerifolia AIL genes PaAIL5a/b and PaAIL6b participate in FT-AP1/FUL-AIL pathways to regulate bud dormancy. In addition, PaAIL6a/b can promote flowering, and PaAIL5b and PaAIL6b affect floral development. Bud dormancy and floral induction are essential processes for perennial plants, they are both regulated by photoperiod, temperature, and hormones, indicating the existence of common regulators for both processes. AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE (AIL) genes regulate reproductive growth of annual plants, including floral induction and flower development, and their homologs in poplar and grape act downstream of the florigen gene FT and the floral meristem identity genes AP1/FUL and function to maintain growth and thus inhibit dormancy induction. However, it is not known whether AIL homologs participate in the reproduction processes in perennials and whether the Platanus acerifolia AIL genes are involved in dormancy. P. acerifolia is a perennial woody plant whose reproductive growth is strongly associated with dormancy. Here, we isolated four AIL homologs from P. acerifolia, PaAIL5a, PaAIL5b, PaAIL6a, and PaAIL6b, and systematically investigated their functions by ectopic-overexpression in tobacco. The findings demonstrate that PaAIL5a/b and PaAIL6b respond to short day, low temperature, and hormone signals and act as the components of the FT-AP1/FUL-AIL pathway to regulate the bud dormancy in P. acerifolia. Notably, PaAIL5a/b and PaAIL6b function downstream of PaFTL-PaFUL1/2/3 to inhibit the dormancy induction and downstream of PaFT-PaFUL2/3 to promote the dormancy release. In addition, PaAIL6a/b were found to accelerate flowering in transgenic tobacco, whereas PaAIL5b and PaAIL6b affected the flower development. Together, our results suggest that PaAIL genes may act downstream of different PaFT/PaFTL and PaFUL proteins to fulfill conservative and diverse roles in floral initiation, floral development, and dormancy regulation in P. acerifolia.
期刊介绍:
Plant Cell Reports publishes original, peer-reviewed articles on new advances in all aspects of plant cell science, plant genetics and molecular biology. Papers selected for publication contribute significant new advances to clearly identified technological problems and/or biological questions. The articles will prove relevant beyond the narrow topic of interest to a readership with broad scientific background. The coverage includes such topics as:
- genomics and genetics
- metabolism
- cell biology
- abiotic and biotic stress
- phytopathology
- gene transfer and expression
- molecular pharming
- systems biology
- nanobiotechnology
- genome editing
- phenomics and synthetic biology
The journal also publishes opinion papers, review and focus articles on the latest developments and new advances in research and technology in plant molecular biology and biotechnology.