{"title":"评估康巴唑对大型蚤的慢性毒性:从生理学、生物化学、分子和生殖角度。","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110061","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread use of climbazole (CBZ) has led to its increased presence in aquatic environments, potentially threatening freshwater ecosystems. However, evidence regarding the harmful effects of CBZ on aquatic organisms remains limited. In this study, <em>Daphnia magna</em> was exposed to CBZ at concentrations of 0, 0.2, 20, and 200 μg/L for 21 days to evaluate its chronic toxicity through assessment of life-history traits, physiological parameters, biochemical analyses, and gene expression. The results indicated that CBZ exposure delayed the days to the first brood, reduced the frequency of molting per adult, decreased the offspring number at first brood, diminished the body length, and decreased both the total number of broods per female and the total number of offspring per female. Additionally, CBZ inhibited the swimming speed, filtration rate, and ingestion rate. Moreover, CBZ altered the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH), while increasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Gene expression analysis revealed varied responses in mRNA levels related to metabolic detoxification (<em>cyp360a8</em>, <em>gst</em>, and <em>p</em>-<em>gp</em>), digestive enzymes (<em>α</em>-<em>amylase</em>, <em>α</em>-<em>esterase</em>, and <em>trypsin</em>), energy (<em>ak</em>), oxygen transport (<em>dhb</em>), and reproduction (<em>nvd</em>, <em>cyp314</em>, <em>ecr</em>, <em>vtg</em>, and <em>jhe</em>) following CBZ exposure. These results indicate that the presence of CBZ in aquatic environments can induce toxicity by altering energy acquisition, supply, and metabolism; impairing metabolic detoxification pathways; eliciting oxidative stress; and causing reproductive toxicity in <em>D. magna</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Assessing the chronic toxicity of climbazole to Daphnia magna: Physiological, biochemical, molecular, and reproductive perspectives\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110061\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>The widespread use of climbazole (CBZ) has led to its increased presence in aquatic environments, potentially threatening freshwater ecosystems. However, evidence regarding the harmful effects of CBZ on aquatic organisms remains limited. In this study, <em>Daphnia magna</em> was exposed to CBZ at concentrations of 0, 0.2, 20, and 200 μg/L for 21 days to evaluate its chronic toxicity through assessment of life-history traits, physiological parameters, biochemical analyses, and gene expression. The results indicated that CBZ exposure delayed the days to the first brood, reduced the frequency of molting per adult, decreased the offspring number at first brood, diminished the body length, and decreased both the total number of broods per female and the total number of offspring per female. Additionally, CBZ inhibited the swimming speed, filtration rate, and ingestion rate. Moreover, CBZ altered the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH), while increasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Gene expression analysis revealed varied responses in mRNA levels related to metabolic detoxification (<em>cyp360a8</em>, <em>gst</em>, and <em>p</em>-<em>gp</em>), digestive enzymes (<em>α</em>-<em>amylase</em>, <em>α</em>-<em>esterase</em>, and <em>trypsin</em>), energy (<em>ak</em>), oxygen transport (<em>dhb</em>), and reproduction (<em>nvd</em>, <em>cyp314</em>, <em>ecr</em>, <em>vtg</em>, and <em>jhe</em>) following CBZ exposure. These results indicate that the presence of CBZ in aquatic environments can induce toxicity by altering energy acquisition, supply, and metabolism; impairing metabolic detoxification pathways; eliciting oxidative stress; and causing reproductive toxicity in <em>D. magna</em>.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":10602,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-20\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1532045624002291\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1532045624002291","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Assessing the chronic toxicity of climbazole to Daphnia magna: Physiological, biochemical, molecular, and reproductive perspectives
The widespread use of climbazole (CBZ) has led to its increased presence in aquatic environments, potentially threatening freshwater ecosystems. However, evidence regarding the harmful effects of CBZ on aquatic organisms remains limited. In this study, Daphnia magna was exposed to CBZ at concentrations of 0, 0.2, 20, and 200 μg/L for 21 days to evaluate its chronic toxicity through assessment of life-history traits, physiological parameters, biochemical analyses, and gene expression. The results indicated that CBZ exposure delayed the days to the first brood, reduced the frequency of molting per adult, decreased the offspring number at first brood, diminished the body length, and decreased both the total number of broods per female and the total number of offspring per female. Additionally, CBZ inhibited the swimming speed, filtration rate, and ingestion rate. Moreover, CBZ altered the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH), while increasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Gene expression analysis revealed varied responses in mRNA levels related to metabolic detoxification (cyp360a8, gst, and p-gp), digestive enzymes (α-amylase, α-esterase, and trypsin), energy (ak), oxygen transport (dhb), and reproduction (nvd, cyp314, ecr, vtg, and jhe) following CBZ exposure. These results indicate that the presence of CBZ in aquatic environments can induce toxicity by altering energy acquisition, supply, and metabolism; impairing metabolic detoxification pathways; eliciting oxidative stress; and causing reproductive toxicity in D. magna.
期刊介绍:
Part C: Toxicology and Pharmacology. This journal is concerned with chemical and drug action at different levels of organization, biotransformation of xenobiotics, mechanisms of toxicity, including reactive oxygen species and carcinogenesis, endocrine disruptors, natural products chemistry, and signal transduction with a molecular approach to these fields.