静息态大脑激活模式和网络拓扑结构区分了人类标志和目标追踪者。

IF 5.8 1区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Translational Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI:10.1038/s41398-024-03162-w
Martino Schettino, Marika Mauti, Chiara Parrillo, Ilenia Ceccarelli, Federico Giove, Antonio Napolitano, Cristina Ottaviani, Marialuisa Martelli, Cristina Orsini
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引用次数: 0

摘要

标志追踪者/目标追踪者"(ST/GT)是一种动物模型,用于研究学习和动机过程中的个体差异,这些差异可归因于对环境线索的独特条件反射。GT大鼠认为奖励预测线索只是一个预测器,而ST大鼠则认为它具有激励显著性,会做出与冲动控制障碍相似的异常奖励寻求行为。鉴于其潜在的临床价值,本研究旨在将这种模型映射到人类身上,并调查被归类为更倾向于标志追踪或目标追踪行为的个体的静息状态功能磁共振成像相关性。为此,研究人员在翻译巴甫洛夫范式中使用了眼动跟踪技术,将人类分为STs(36人)、GTs(35人)或中间人(33人),这取决于他们对奖励预测线索或奖励位置的注视情况。利用连接性和基于网络的方法,静息状态功能连接性和中心性(节点作为枢纽的作用)测量结果与临床前研究结果一致,表明STs主要涉及皮层下区域,而GTs则主要涉及皮层。总之,这项研究加强了ST/GT模型的转化价值,对早期识别药物使用障碍等精神病理学疾病的易感表型具有重要意义。
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Resting-state brain activation patterns and network topology distinguish human sign and goal trackers.

The "Sign-tracker/Goal-tracker" (ST/GT) is an animal model of individual differences in learning and motivational processes attributable to distinctive conditioned responses to environmental cues. While GT rats value the reward-predictive cue as a mere predictor, ST rats attribute it with incentive salience, engaging in aberrant reward-seeking behaviors that mirror those of impulse control disorders. Given its potential clinical value, the present study aimed to map such model onto humans and investigated resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging correlates of individuals categorized as more disposed to sign-tracking or goal-tracking behavior. To do so, eye-tracking was used during a translationally informed Pavlovian paradigm to classify humans as STs (n = 36) GTs (n = 35) or as Intermediates (n = 33), depending on their eye-gaze towards the reward-predictive cue or the reward location. Using connectivity and network-based approach, measures of resting state functional connectivity and centrality (role of a node as a hub) replicated preclinical findings, suggesting a major involvement of subcortical areas in STs, and dominant cortical involvement in GTs. Overall, the study strengthens the translational value of the ST/GT model, with important implications for the early identification of vulnerable phenotypes for psychopathological conditions such as substance use disorder.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.50
自引率
2.90%
发文量
484
审稿时长
23 weeks
期刊介绍: Psychiatry has suffered tremendously by the limited translational pipeline. Nobel laureate Julius Axelrod''s discovery in 1961 of monoamine reuptake by pre-synaptic neurons still forms the basis of contemporary antidepressant treatment. There is a grievous gap between the explosion of knowledge in neuroscience and conceptually novel treatments for our patients. Translational Psychiatry bridges this gap by fostering and highlighting the pathway from discovery to clinical applications, healthcare and global health. We view translation broadly as the full spectrum of work that marks the pathway from discovery to global health, inclusive. The steps of translation that are within the scope of Translational Psychiatry include (i) fundamental discovery, (ii) bench to bedside, (iii) bedside to clinical applications (clinical trials), (iv) translation to policy and health care guidelines, (v) assessment of health policy and usage, and (vi) global health. All areas of medical research, including — but not restricted to — molecular biology, genetics, pharmacology, imaging and epidemiology are welcome as they contribute to enhance the field of translational psychiatry.
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