Integrated Approach Using Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multicriteria Decision-Making to Support Classifier Selection for Technology Adoption in Patients with Parkinson Disease: Algorithm Development and Validation.

Background: Parkinson disease (PD) is reported to be among the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases globally, presenting ongoing challenges and increasing burden on health care systems. In an effort to support patients with PD, their carers, and the wider health care sector to manage this incurable condition, the focus has begun to shift away from traditional treatments. One of the most contemporary treatments includes prescribing assistive technologies (ATs), which are viewed as a way to promote independent living and deliver remote care. However, the uptake of these ATs is varied, with some users not ready or willing to accept all forms of AT and others only willing to adopt low-technology solutions. Consequently, to manage both the demands on resources and the efficiency with which ATs are deployed, new approaches are needed to automatically assess or predict a user's likelihood to accept and adopt a particular AT before it is prescribed. Classification algorithms can be used to automatically consider the range of factors impacting AT adoption likelihood, thereby potentially supporting more effective AT allocation. From a computational perspective, different classification algorithms and selection criteria offer various opportunities and challenges to address this need.

Objective: This paper presents a novel hybrid multicriteria decision-making approach to support classifier selection in technology adoption processes involving patients with PD.

Methods: First, the intuitionistic fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (IF-AHP) was implemented to calculate the relative priorities of criteria and subcriteria considering experts' knowledge and uncertainty. Second, the intuitionistic fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (IF-DEMATEL) was applied to evaluate the cause-effect relationships among criteria/subcriteria. Finally, the combined compromise solution (CoCoSo) was used to rank the candidate classifiers based on their capability to model the technology adoption.

Results: We conducted a study involving a mobile smartphone solution to validate the proposed methodology. Structure (F5) was identified as the factor with the highest relative priority (overall weight=0.214), while adaptability (F4) (D-R=1.234) was found to be the most influencing aspect when selecting classifiers for technology adoption in patients with PD. In this case, the most appropriate algorithm for supporting technology adoption in patients with PD was the A3 - J48 decision tree (M3=2.5592). The results obtained by comparing the CoCoSo method in the proposed approach with 2 alternative methods (simple additive weighting and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution) support the accuracy and applicability of the proposed methodology. It was observed that the final scores of the algorithms in each method were highly correlated (Pearson correlation coefficient >0.8).

Conclusions: The IF-AHP-IF-DEMATEL-CoCoSo approach helped to identify classification algorithms that do not just discriminate between good and bad adopters of assistive technologies within the Parkinson population but also consider technology-specific features like design, quality, and compatibility that make these classifiers easily implementable by clinicians in the health care system.