早期生活逆境与青少年对情绪的认知处理。

IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Child Abuse & Neglect Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI:10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107084
Taylyn Jameson, Lisa Yang, Ellen Jopling, Katerina Rnic, Ashley M. Battaglini, Bronwen Grocott, Alison Nutini, Joelle LeMoult
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:早期生活逆境(ELA)是导致精神病理学的主要风险因素。逆境与精神病理学的维度模型(DMAP)阐明了逆境与精神病理学关联的核心过程。具体来说,DMAP 假设早期的匮乏经历会改变认知和情感过程,其方式不同于早期的威胁经历。虽然有证据表明,剥夺和威胁分别预示着认知和情绪过程的改变,但这些维度对认知处理情绪化材料的影响仍未得到研究:本研究首次在青少年样本中调查了剥夺与威胁对多种情绪(快乐、悲伤、愤怒和中性面部表情)认知加工的影响以及加工的时间过程:从温哥华招募了 82 名青少年(48.80% 为女性,平均年龄为 12.85 岁):方法:使用儿童创伤事件筛查量表(TESI-C)测量剥夺感和威胁感,该量表是一种基于访谈的测量方法,用于评估 30 多次 ELA 经历的实例和严重程度。认知处理采用情感波斯纳任务(Affective Posner Task)进行测量,该任务可评估注意力偏差以及对快乐、悲伤、愤怒和中性面部表情的原始反应时间:有趣的是,无论情绪如何,被剥夺的经历都与早期注意处理缺陷有关(rs ≥ 0.22,ps ≤ 0.046),而威胁的经历则与情绪材料的后期注意偏差有关(Bs ≥ |4.15|,ps ≤ 0.036):研究结果通过阐明剥夺和威胁后认知和情绪改变的性质和时间过程,推进了情绪和情感教育的理论模型。
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Dimensions of early life adversity and cognitive processing of emotion in youth

Background

Early life adversity (ELA) is a leading risk factor for psychopathology. The Dimensional Model of Adversity and Psychopathology (DMAP) elucidates processes altered by ELA and central to this association. Specifically, DMAP posits early experiences of deprivation alter cognitive and emotional processes in ways distinct from early experiences of threat. While evidence suggests that deprivation and threat predict alterations in cognitive and emotional processes, respectively, the influence of these dimensions on cognitive processing across emotionally valenced material remains unexamined.

Objective

This work is the first to investigate associations of deprivation versus threat on cognitive processing of multiple emotions (happy, sad, angry, and neutral facial expressions) and the time course of processing in a sample of youth.

Participants and setting

Eighty-two youth (48.80 % female, Mage = 12.85) were recruited from Vancouver.

Methods

Deprivation and threat were measured using the Traumatic Events Screening Inventory for Children (TESI-C), an interview-based measure assessing the instance and severity of 30+ experiences of ELA. Cognitive processing was measured using the Affective Posner Task, which assesses attentional biases and raw reaction times for happy, sad, angry, and neutral facial expressions.

Results

Interestingly, experiences of deprivation were associated with early attentional processing deficits regardless of valence, rs ≥ 0.22, ps ≤ 0.046, whereas experiences of threat were associated with late attentional biases for emotional material, Bs ≥ |4.15|, ps ≤ 0.036.

Conclusions

Findings advance theoretical models of ELA by elucidating the nature and time course of cognitive and emotional alterations following deprivation and threat, and, if replicated, suggest the importance of cognitive processing of emotion in early interventions.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
10.40%
发文量
397
期刊介绍: Official Publication of the International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect. Child Abuse & Neglect The International Journal, provides an international, multidisciplinary forum on all aspects of child abuse and neglect, with special emphasis on prevention and treatment; the scope extends further to all those aspects of life which either favor or hinder child development. While contributions will primarily be from the fields of psychology, psychiatry, social work, medicine, nursing, law enforcement, legislature, education, and anthropology, the Journal encourages the concerned lay individual and child-oriented advocate organizations to contribute.
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