早期特发性帕金森病患者的口腔和肠道微生物组概况。

IF 5.4 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Communications medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI:10.1038/s43856-024-00630-8
Keaton Stagaman, Matthew J. Kmiecik, Madeleine Wetzel, Stella Aslibekyan, Teresa Filshtein Sonmez, Pierre Fontanillas, 23andMe Research Team, Joyce Tung, Michael V. Holmes, Seth T. Walk, Madelyn C. Houser, Lucy Norcliffe-Kaufmann
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:帕金森病是一种累及中枢神经和周围神经的神经退行性疾病,早期发现帕金森病可确保及时治疗。微生物影响神经系统的健康,并在帕金森病中发生改变:我们在一项地理多样性、匹配病例对照、霰弹枪元基因组学研究中检测了新近确诊患者的肠道和口腔微生物组:结果:我们发现 445 例帕金森病患者与 221 例对照组相比,α-多样性更高。帕金森病的微生物特征包括16个OTUs(包括变异链球菌和双歧杆菌)的过度丰富和28个OTUs的减少。机器学习模型表明,亚种水平的口腔微生物组丰度最能区分腹泻病,准确率相当高(曲线下面积:0.758)。病例中的微生物网络遭到破坏,肠道中产生短链脂肪酸的细菌之间的连接性降低。重要的是,微生物组多样性指标与非运动性自主神经症状严重程度相关:我们的研究结果提供了证据,表明具有预测性的口腔帕金森病微生物组特征有可能被用作早期检测帕金森病的生物标志物,尤其是在有外周神经系统受累的情况下。
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Oral and gut microbiome profiles in people with early idiopathic Parkinson’s disease
Early detection of Parkinson’s disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disease with central and peripheral nerve involvement, ensures timely treatment access. Microbes influence nervous system health and are altered in PD. We examined gut and mouth microbiomes from recently diagnosed patients in a geographically diverse, matched case-control, shotgun metagenomics study. Here, we show greater alpha-diversity in 445 PD patients versus 221 controls. The microbial signature of PD includes overabundance of 16 OTUs, including Streptococcus mutans and Bifidobacterium dentium, and depletion of 28 OTUs. Machine learning models indicate that subspecies level oral microbiome abundances best distinguish PD with reasonably high accuracy (area under the curve: 0.758). Microbial networks are disrupted in cases, with reduced connectivity between short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria the the gut. Importantly, microbiome diversity metrics are associated with non-motor autonomic symptom severity. Our results provide evidence that predictive oral PD microbiome signatures could possibly be used as biomarkers for the early detection of PD, particularly when there is peripheral nervous system involvement. Stagaman et al. investigate the associations between early idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) and the diversity and composition of both saliva and stool microbiomes in a large, geographically diverse US cohort. Abundances of saliva microbes, particularly Prevotella, Neisseria, and Streptococcus OTUs, best distinguish between controls and cases. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by both motor symptoms, such as tremors, and non-motor symptoms, such as constipation. Our aim was to determine whether there were differences in the number and types of microbes living in the saliva and intestines of people with and without PD. We saw significant differences in the microbial communities living in healthy controls compared to people with PD. Additionally, we found that the proportions of microbe types in saliva were the best at distinguishing between controls and cases, and identified the specific kinds of microbes that were driving this distinction. These results highlight the potential importance of the saliva microbiome in understanding the causes and symptomatology of PD.
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