初发精神病患者超重与认知表现之间的性别差异。

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI:10.1038/s41537-024-00521-w
Martí Llaurador-Coll, Ángel Cabezas, M José Algora, Montse Solé, Elisabet Vilella, Vanessa Sánchez-Gistau
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摘要

认知障碍和超重是治疗精神病的突出挑战,直接影响患者的生活质量。我们旨在确定超重与认知能力是否存在关联,以及这种关联是否存在性别差异。我们纳入了170名接受早期干预服务的首发精神病患者(平均年龄23.08岁,32.9%为女性),他们接受了MATRICS共识认知电池的临床、生物测量和认知评估。对每项认知测试进行了一组双向协方差分析(ANCOVA)。性别、超重以及它们之间的交互作用都被列为影响因素。近 34% 的参与者超重,男女之间没有差异。体重超标对认知能力没有任何主要影响;但是,超重女性在处理速度、语言学习和记忆、推理和解决问题以及整体认知功能方面的表现明显差于非超重女性,而男性则没有差异。我们的研究结果突出表明,在研究肥胖症患者的代谢和认知因素时,性别很重要,以便根据性别观点制定有针对性的干预措施。
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Sex differences in the association of overweight with cognitive performance in individuals with first-episode psychosis.

Cognitive deficits and overweight are prominent challenges in the treatment of psychosis, which have a direct impact on patients' quality of life. We aim to determine whether there is an association of overweight with cognitive performance and whether there are sex differences in this association. We included 170 individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP) (mean age 23.08 years, 32.9% females) attending an early intervention service who underwent clinical, biometric, and cognitive assessments by the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery. A set of two-way analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) were conducted for each cognitive test. Sex, overweight, and their interaction were included as factors. Nearly 34% of the participants were overweight without differences between males and females. The excess of weight did not exert any main effect on cognition; however, overweight females performed significantly worse than non-overweight females in processing speed, verbal learning and memory, reasoning and problem-solving, and global cognitive function, whereas in males, there were no differences. Our findings highlight that sex matters in the study of metabolic and cognitive factors in FEP to develop targeted interventions based on sex perspectives.

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