角鲨烯环氧化物酶基因(SQE1)在地衣植物 Lobaria pulmonaria 对温度胁迫的反应中的作用

IF 4.2 2区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Journal of Fungi Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI:10.3390/jof10100705
Alfred O Onele, Moatasem A Swid, Ilya Y Leksin, Daniya F Rakhmatullina, Ekaterina I Galeeva, Richard P Beckett, Farida V Minibayeva, Julia N Valitova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目前,由于人为因素和太阳活动变化的影响越来越大,地球温度不断上升,对生物多样性构成了威胁。地衣是对气候变化最敏感的生物之一。环境温度升高会对地衣产生重大影响,导致更频繁、更剧烈的干燥事件,从而阻碍新陈代谢活动。有研究表明,地衣拥有多种固醇成分可能有助于地衣耐受不利的温度以及其他生物和非生物压力。地衣中发现的主要固醇是麦角甾醇(ERG);然而,对于ERG生物合成途径的调控,特别是胁迫期间角鲨烯环氧化酶催化角鲨烯环氧化成2,3-氧化角鲨烯的步骤,还没有进行广泛的研究。在本研究中,我们以地衣 Lobaria pulmonaria 为模式物种,众所周知,该物种对空气污染和栖息地丧失非常敏感。我们利用硅学分析鉴定了 L. pulmonaria 中编码角鲨烯环氧化物酶的 cDNA,并将它们分别命名为 LpSQE1 和 SrSQE1。我们的研究结果表明,与室温(+20 °C)下的对照组相比,温和的温度(+4 °C和+30 °C)并不影响肺孢子虫的生理机能,其评估指标包括膜完整性、呼吸速率和 PSII 活性的变化。极端负温度(-20 °C)明显抑制呼吸,但不影响膜的稳定性。与此相反,地衣在高正温(+40 °C)下的所有生理参数都明显降低。定量 PCR 分析表明,将地衣暴露于 -20 ℃、+4 ℃、+30 ℃ 和 +40 ℃ 会刺激 LpSQE1 和 SrSQE1 的表达水平,并导致 Hsps 的显著上调。这些数据为固醇和 Hsps 在地衣对气候变化的反应中的作用提供了新的信息。
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Role of Squalene Epoxidase Gene (SQE1) in the Response of the Lichen Lobaria pulmonaria to Temperature Stress.

Currently, due to the increasing impact of anthropogenic factors and changes in solar activity, the temperature on Earth is rising, posing a threat to biodiversity. Lichens are among the most sensitive organisms to climate change. Elevated ambient temperatures can have a significant impact on lichens, resulting in more frequent and intense drying events that can impede metabolic activity. It has been suggested that the possession of a diverse sterol composition may contribute to the tolerance of lichens to adverse temperatures and other biotic and abiotic stresses. The major sterol found in lichens is ergosterol (ERG); however, the regulation of the ERG biosynthetic pathway, specifically the step of epoxidation of squalene to 2,3-oxidosqualene catalyzed by squalene epoxidase during stress, has not been extensively studied. In this study, we used lichen Lobaria pulmonaria as a model species that is well known to be sensitive to air pollution and habitat loss. Using in silico analysis, we identified cDNAs encoding squalene epoxidase from L. pulmonaria, designating them as LpSQE1 for the mycobiont and SrSQE1 for the photobiont Symbiochloris reticulata. Our results showed that compared with a control kept at room temperature (+20 °C), mild temperatures (+4 °C and +30 °C) did not affect the physiology of L. pulmonaria, assessed by changes in membrane integrity, respiration rates, and PSII activity. An extreme negative temperature (-20 °C) noticeably inhibited respiration but did not affect membrane stability. In contrast, treating lichen with a high positive temperature (+40 °C) significantly reduced all physiological parameters. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed that exposing thalli to -20 °C, +4 °C, +30 °C, and +40 °C stimulated the expression levels of LpSQE1 and SrSQE1 and led to a significant upregulation of Hsps. These data provide new information regarding the roles of sterols and Hsps in the response of lichens to climate change.

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来源期刊
Journal of Fungi
Journal of Fungi Medicine-Microbiology (medical)
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
14.90%
发文量
1151
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X) is an international, peer-reviewed scientific open access journal that provides an advanced forum for studies related to pathogenic fungi, fungal biology, and all other aspects of fungal research. The journal publishes reviews, regular research papers, and communications in quarterly issues. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on paper length. Full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.
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