硫氧化细菌的特性及其对促进甘蓝型油菜生长的影响

IF 3.5 4区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Journal of Basic Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI:10.1002/jobm.202400239
Vishnu, Poonam Sharma, Jupinder Kaur, Satwant Kaur Gosal, Sohan Singh Walia
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引用次数: 0

摘要

油料种子行业是世界农业的重要组成部分之一。油菜籽(芸苔属)等油料种子需要较多的硫(S),而硫是通过无机肥料提供的。然而,为了提高作物产量而过度施用农用化学品会损害土壤健康。因此,施用具有促进植物生长活性的细菌培养物作为生物肥料,可确保土壤健康并提高作物产量。为实现这一目标,本研究从 PAU 微生物系采购了三种硫氧化细菌(SOBs),即 SOB 5、SOB 10 和 SOB 38。在初步评估中,除利多米尔外,所有三种 SOB 培养物在推荐剂量下都显示出对杀虫剂毒性的抗性。后来,对这些培养物进行了形态学、生物化学和分子水平(16s rRNA)鉴定,结果确定它们分别是卢氏肠杆菌 Remi_9 株(SOB 5)、荷尔蒙肠杆菌 AUH-ENM30 株(SOB 10)和芽孢杆菌 5BM21Y12 株(SOB 38)。对这些 SOB 培养物的功能特性分析表明,它们具有多种促进植物生长的特性。芽孢杆菌 5BM21Y12 表现出更强的功能活性,包括高 P 溶解(14.903 微克/毫升)、IAA 生产(44.28 微克/毫升)、苷元生产(13.89 微克/毫升)、硫酸根离子生产(0.127 毫摩尔)、氨排泄(2.369 微克/毫升)和 Zn 溶解(22.62 毫米)。根据功能和分子表征的结果,选择了芽孢杆菌 5BM21Y12 进行田间试验,并配制了不同的处理方法。与田间使用的所有其他单一处理相比,复合处理 T8(100% S + 芽孢杆菌 + 杀虫剂)显著提高了生长参数(株高、根和芽的生物量)、产量属性(纤毛长度、试验重量、纤毛数量/株)、产量参数(总生物量和种子产量)、质量参数(粗蛋白和油)。联合施用具有良好功能活性的非致病性芽孢杆菌 5BM21Y12,由于与肥料/农药的协同和相加作用,提高了作物产量。由于生物肥料的应用减少了农药/化肥的投入,因此应寻找新的带有细胞保护剂的接种剂配方,并开发兼容的农药,以确保综合处理的效益。
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Characterization of Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria and Their Effect on Growth Promotion of Brassica napus L.

Oil seeds sector is one of the major dynamic components of the agriculture world. Oil seeds such as canola (Brassica napus) require a higher quantity of sulfur (S), which is supplied through inorganic fertilizers. However, the overapplication of agro-chemicals to get higher yields of crops is harming the soil health. Therefore, the application of bacterial cultures with plant growth-promoting activity as biofertilizers ensures soil health maintenance and enhances crop productivity. To achieve this aim, the present research was initiated by procuring three sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOBs), namely, SOB 5, SOB 10, and SOB 38, from the Microbiology Department, PAU. In the initial assessment, all three SOB cultures showed resilience to pesticide toxicity at the recommended dosage, with the exception of ridomil. These cultures were later characterized morphologically, biochemically, and at the molecular level using 16s rRNA resulting in their identification as Enterobacter ludwigii strain Remi_9 (SOB 5), Enterobacter hormaechei strain AUH-ENM30 (SOB 10), and Bacillus sp. 5BM21Y12 (SOB 38). Functional characterization of these SOB cultures revealed their ability to exhibit multifarious plant growth-promoting traits. Bacillus sp. 5BM21Y12 showed greater functional activity, including high P solubilization (14.903 µg/mL), IAA production (44.28 µg/mL), siderophore production (13.89 µg/mL), sulfate ion production (0.127 mM), ammonia excretion (2.369 µg/mL), and Zn solubilization (22.62 mm). Based on the results of functional and molecular characterization, Bacillus sp. 5BM21Y12 was selected for field trials by formulating different treatments. Composite treatment, T8 (100% S + Bacillus sp. + pesticides) significantly enhanced growth parameters (plant height, root, and shoot biomass), yield attributes (siliqua length, test weight, number of siliqua/plant), yield parameter (total biomass and seed yield), quality parameter (crude protein and oil) as compared to all other sole treatments employed in the field. A combined application of non-pathogenic Bacillus sp. 5BM21Y12, with good functional activity enhanced yield of crop due to synergistic and additive interaction with fertilizer/pesticides. As biofertilizer application reduces the input of pesticides/fertilizers new inoculant formulations with cell protectors and the development of compatible pesticides should be searched to assure the benefits of integrated treatment.

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来源期刊
Journal of Basic Microbiology
Journal of Basic Microbiology 生物-微生物学
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
134
审稿时长
1.8 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Basic Microbiology (JBM) publishes primary research papers on both procaryotic and eucaryotic microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, fungi, algae, protozoans, phages, viruses, viroids and prions. Papers published deal with: microbial interactions (pathogenic, mutualistic, environmental), ecology, physiology, genetics and cell biology/development, new methodologies, i.e., new imaging technologies (e.g. video-fluorescence microscopy, modern TEM applications) novel molecular biology methods (e.g. PCR-based gene targeting or cassettes for cloning of GFP constructs).
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