关于改善印度尼西亚学校备灾和灾后恢复工作的讲卫生运动建议

IF 4.2 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY International journal of disaster risk reduction Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104924
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引用次数: 0

摘要

使用功能齐全、干净整洁的厕所,既能维护隐私和尊严,又能帮助女孩进行经期卫生管理 (MHM),这对灾后女孩重返校园起着至关重要的作用。在灾后环境中,这也有助于减轻女孩在使用学校厕所时的羞耻感和厌恶感。在本文中,我们报告了 2018 年印度尼西亚多重灾害事件发生三年后,我们对学校中的水、环境卫生和个人卫生(WASH)设施进行的评估。我们采用了一种混合方法,通过目视观察、对校长的访谈、对女学生的调查以及对女学生和教师的焦点小组讨论,来了解学生在学校使用厕所的生活体验。我们的研究结果表明,在各所学校,描述性和强制性社会规范支持乱扔垃圾、厕所设施不足导致女生月经不调,以及在厕所有人的情况下打开厕所门的欺凌和反社会行为。基于这些结果,我们制定了物理和行为两类干预措施,并在三所学校进行试点,以提高讲卫生运动和女性健康管理意识以及卫生设施的安全性。我们的干预措施表明,只有了解了当地在实施结合维护计划的干预措施方面存在的障碍,才能设计出学校讲卫生运动干预措施的方法。我们提出了一些建议,以支持实践者降低风险并改善印度尼西亚学校女童的境况,这有可能实现关于包容性和公平教育的可持续发展目标 4 以及关于性别平等和女童赋权的可持续发展目标 5。
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WASH recommendations for improving disaster preparedness and recovery in schools in Indonesia
Access to functional and clean toilets which maintain privacy and dignity and support girls’ Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) plays a crucial role to getting girls back to school post-disaster. This could also help in managing feelings of shame and disgust experienced when using toilets in schools in post disaster settings. In this paper, we report on our assessment of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities in schools three-years post the 2018 multi-hazard event in Indonesia. We used a mixed-methods approach using visual observations, interviews with school principals, surveys with schoolgirls and focus group discussions with schoolgirls and teachers to understand the lived experiences of students using toilets at school. Our results highlight that across schools descriptive and injunctive social norms were supportive of littering, inadequate toilet facilities for girls to manage their menstruation and bullying and antisocial behaviour by opening toilet doors while the facilities were occupied. Based on these results, we developed two types of interventions, physical and behavioural, piloted in three schools to increase WASH and MHM awareness and the safety of sanitation facilities. Our interventions showed that approaches for WASH interventions in schools can only be designed if we understand the local barriers to carrying out interventions that integrate maintenance plans. We provide recommendations to support practitioners in mitigating risk and improving circumstances for girls in schools in Indonesia, which have the potential to address SDG 4 on inclusive and equitable education and SDG 5 on gender equality and girls’ empowerment.
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来源期刊
International journal of disaster risk reduction
International journal of disaster risk reduction GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARYMETEOROLOGY-METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
CiteScore
8.70
自引率
18.00%
发文量
688
审稿时长
79 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction (IJDRR) is the journal for researchers, policymakers and practitioners across diverse disciplines: earth sciences and their implications; environmental sciences; engineering; urban studies; geography; and the social sciences. IJDRR publishes fundamental and applied research, critical reviews, policy papers and case studies with a particular focus on multi-disciplinary research that aims to reduce the impact of natural, technological, social and intentional disasters. IJDRR stimulates exchange of ideas and knowledge transfer on disaster research, mitigation, adaptation, prevention and risk reduction at all geographical scales: local, national and international. Key topics:- -multifaceted disaster and cascading disasters -the development of disaster risk reduction strategies and techniques -discussion and development of effective warning and educational systems for risk management at all levels -disasters associated with climate change -vulnerability analysis and vulnerability trends -emerging risks -resilience against disasters. The journal particularly encourages papers that approach risk from a multi-disciplinary perspective.
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