问责制的规模:乌干达太阳能微型电网和人人享有清洁能源

IF 6.9 2区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Energy Research & Social Science Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI:10.1016/j.erss.2024.103805
Siddharth Sareen , Alexander Dodge , Charlotte Nakakaawa-Jjunju , Benon Nabaasa
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人们对太阳能微型电网寄予厚望,希望它能够实现普及农村电气化的目标,使人们能够获得清洁能源,尤其是在乌干达这样的低收入非洲国家。然而,乌干达的现实情况十分复杂,在电网服务的村庄里有许多未通电的家庭,近年来实施的几个太阳能微型电网的经验也各不相同,这表明向下问责的程度有限。最重要的是,大型太阳能发电厂已经建成,解决农村地区清洁能源供应的两难问题正当其时。然而,在这种情况下,很少有关于能源转型的研究来解释其政治经济的复杂性。我们实地考察了三个表现截然不同的太阳能微型电网,参观了乌干达最大的 20 兆瓦太阳能发电厂,走访了数十个村庄,并与地区公用事业公司和能源与矿产开发部进行了会谈。此外,我们还通过文件分析和生活经验了解乌干达的能源政策。我们对问责制分析进行了调整,在太阳能部署的多个空间尺度上采用了新颖的 "问责制尺度 "框架。我们的分析为乌干达必须应对的挑战提供了见解,以实现与太阳能微型电网和多尺度太阳能过渡相关的潜力,从而实现清洁能源的普及。
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Scales of accountability: Solar mini-grids and clean energy for all in Uganda
There is great hope pinned on solar mini-grids to fulfil universal rural electrification targets and enable clean energy access, especially in low-income African countries such as Uganda. Yet Ugandan realities are complex, with many unelectrified households in villages the electric grid serves, and varied experiences with the few solar mini-grids implemented in recent years, indicating limited downward accountability. Crucially, large solar plants have arrived, making it timely to resolve the dilemma of just clean energy provision both in and from rural areas. Yet little research on energy transitions in this context exists to explain its political economic complexity. We draw on field visits to three solar mini-grids with contrasting performances, to Uganda's largest 20 MW solar plant, through dozens of villages, and on meetings with the regional utility and the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development. This is supplemented by knowledge of Uganda's energy policy through document analysis and lived experience. We adapt accountability analysis to deploy a novel ‘scales of accountability’ framework at multiple spatial scales of solar deployment. Our analysis offers insights on the challenges Uganda must address to achieve the potential associated with solar mini-grids and multi-scalar solar energy transitions to achieve universal clean energy access.
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来源期刊
Energy Research & Social Science
Energy Research & Social Science ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES-
CiteScore
14.00
自引率
16.40%
发文量
441
审稿时长
55 days
期刊介绍: Energy Research & Social Science (ERSS) is a peer-reviewed international journal that publishes original research and review articles examining the relationship between energy systems and society. ERSS covers a range of topics revolving around the intersection of energy technologies, fuels, and resources on one side and social processes and influences - including communities of energy users, people affected by energy production, social institutions, customs, traditions, behaviors, and policies - on the other. Put another way, ERSS investigates the social system surrounding energy technology and hardware. ERSS is relevant for energy practitioners, researchers interested in the social aspects of energy production or use, and policymakers. Energy Research & Social Science (ERSS) provides an interdisciplinary forum to discuss how social and technical issues related to energy production and consumption interact. Energy production, distribution, and consumption all have both technical and human components, and the latter involves the human causes and consequences of energy-related activities and processes as well as social structures that shape how people interact with energy systems. Energy analysis, therefore, needs to look beyond the dimensions of technology and economics to include these social and human elements.
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