Discovering bioactive phytoconstituents from Citrullus lanatus for antimicrobial and antioxidants therapeutic applications

In recent decades, significant interest in natural bioactive compounds has led many researchers to study plants as primary natural sources of bioactive compounds, mainly when considering a few biological properties, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities, and as nutritional supplements with health benefits. We designed this study to explore the phytochemicals profiling of Citrallus lanatus and evaluate their in vitro bioactive properties. The methanol extraction of the watermelon's stem, rind, and leaf parts through Soxhlet extraction was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The GC-MS profiling of Citrullus lanatus examines the presence of numerous bioactive phytoconstituents with potential biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, and other properties. We have evidenced that the stem, rind, and leaf extracts with significant antioxidant and antimicrobial activities against clinically relevant pathogens like Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Overall, our study sheds light on exploring novel bioactive phytoconstituents from Citrullus lanatus and explore, harness these compounds' therapeutic potential for human health.