{"title":"尿素和硫脲对 (YxBi1-x)2Zr2O7:Er3+,Yb3+上转换荧光粉颜色发射的影响","authors":"M. Rosales , J. Oliva , H. Desirena , P. Salas","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2024.116307","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports the upconversion emission properties of Bi<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>:Er,Yb (BiZr), Y<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>:Er,Yb (YZr) and (Y<sub>0.25</sub>Bi<sub>0.75</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>:Er,Yb (Y<sub>0.25</sub>Bi<sub>0.75</sub>Zr) phosphors. All those samples were synthesized with fixed Er and Yb concentrations of 2 and 20 mol%, respectively. The analysis by X-ray diffraction revealed that the YZr sample had cubic phase, the BiZr sample had a mixture of monoclinic/cubic phases and the Y<sub>0.25</sub>Bi<sub>0.75</sub>Zr sample had a mixture of all the phases mentioned above. In addition, the analysis by electron microscopy indicated that all the samples are formed by mixtures of particles with irregular and quasi-spherical shapes. The YZr, BiZr and Y<sub>0.25</sub>Bi<sub>0.75</sub>Zr samples were synthesized using urea or thiourea as fuel and an annealing temperature of 775 or 850 °C. For any fuel, the samples produced green (525 and 548 nm) and red (655 nm) emissions by upconversion after exciting them with 975 nm. Interestingly, the Y<sub>0.25</sub>Bi<sub>0.75</sub>Zr sample always presented the most intense emission for any fuel or temperature of synthesis. Interestingly, the Y<sub>0.25</sub>Bi<sub>0.75</sub>Zr sample made with thiourea had a green emission intensity 49 % higher than that made with urea, but the red emission intensity was 25 % lower in the sample made with thiourea. Color emission tuning was observed in the samples under certain conditions: 1) the color emission for the BiZr sample (made with urea) was changed from yellow to orange-red after increasing the annealing temperature from 775 or 850 °C and 2) the YZr sample (annealed at 775 °C) changed its color emission from green to red after using thiourea instead of urea. Surprisingly, the Y<sub>0.25</sub>Bi<sub>0.75</sub>Zr sample always maintained its green emission despite the change of fuel or annealing temperature. In general, the results of this research demonstrate that different fuels or synthesis temperatures can be used to enhance the upconversion emission or to tune the emission color. This avoids the use of high concentrations of rare earths to produce any of these effects as previously reported in the literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 116307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of Urea and Thiourea on the color emission of (YxBi1-x)2Zr2O7:Er3+,Yb3+ upconversion phosphors\",\"authors\":\"M. Rosales , J. Oliva , H. Desirena , P. Salas\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.optmat.2024.116307\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>This study reports the upconversion emission properties of Bi<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>:Er,Yb (BiZr), Y<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>:Er,Yb (YZr) and (Y<sub>0.25</sub>Bi<sub>0.75</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>:Er,Yb (Y<sub>0.25</sub>Bi<sub>0.75</sub>Zr) phosphors. All those samples were synthesized with fixed Er and Yb concentrations of 2 and 20 mol%, respectively. The analysis by X-ray diffraction revealed that the YZr sample had cubic phase, the BiZr sample had a mixture of monoclinic/cubic phases and the Y<sub>0.25</sub>Bi<sub>0.75</sub>Zr sample had a mixture of all the phases mentioned above. In addition, the analysis by electron microscopy indicated that all the samples are formed by mixtures of particles with irregular and quasi-spherical shapes. The YZr, BiZr and Y<sub>0.25</sub>Bi<sub>0.75</sub>Zr samples were synthesized using urea or thiourea as fuel and an annealing temperature of 775 or 850 °C. For any fuel, the samples produced green (525 and 548 nm) and red (655 nm) emissions by upconversion after exciting them with 975 nm. Interestingly, the Y<sub>0.25</sub>Bi<sub>0.75</sub>Zr sample always presented the most intense emission for any fuel or temperature of synthesis. Interestingly, the Y<sub>0.25</sub>Bi<sub>0.75</sub>Zr sample made with thiourea had a green emission intensity 49 % higher than that made with urea, but the red emission intensity was 25 % lower in the sample made with thiourea. Color emission tuning was observed in the samples under certain conditions: 1) the color emission for the BiZr sample (made with urea) was changed from yellow to orange-red after increasing the annealing temperature from 775 or 850 °C and 2) the YZr sample (annealed at 775 °C) changed its color emission from green to red after using thiourea instead of urea. Surprisingly, the Y<sub>0.25</sub>Bi<sub>0.75</sub>Zr sample always maintained its green emission despite the change of fuel or annealing temperature. In general, the results of this research demonstrate that different fuels or synthesis temperatures can be used to enhance the upconversion emission or to tune the emission color. This avoids the use of high concentrations of rare earths to produce any of these effects as previously reported in the literature.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19564,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Optical Materials\",\"volume\":\"157 \",\"pages\":\"Article 116307\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Optical Materials\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"88\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925346724014903\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optical Materials","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925346724014903","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effect of Urea and Thiourea on the color emission of (YxBi1-x)2Zr2O7:Er3+,Yb3+ upconversion phosphors
This study reports the upconversion emission properties of Bi2Zr2O7:Er,Yb (BiZr), Y2Zr2O7:Er,Yb (YZr) and (Y0.25Bi0.75)2Zr2O7:Er,Yb (Y0.25Bi0.75Zr) phosphors. All those samples were synthesized with fixed Er and Yb concentrations of 2 and 20 mol%, respectively. The analysis by X-ray diffraction revealed that the YZr sample had cubic phase, the BiZr sample had a mixture of monoclinic/cubic phases and the Y0.25Bi0.75Zr sample had a mixture of all the phases mentioned above. In addition, the analysis by electron microscopy indicated that all the samples are formed by mixtures of particles with irregular and quasi-spherical shapes. The YZr, BiZr and Y0.25Bi0.75Zr samples were synthesized using urea or thiourea as fuel and an annealing temperature of 775 or 850 °C. For any fuel, the samples produced green (525 and 548 nm) and red (655 nm) emissions by upconversion after exciting them with 975 nm. Interestingly, the Y0.25Bi0.75Zr sample always presented the most intense emission for any fuel or temperature of synthesis. Interestingly, the Y0.25Bi0.75Zr sample made with thiourea had a green emission intensity 49 % higher than that made with urea, but the red emission intensity was 25 % lower in the sample made with thiourea. Color emission tuning was observed in the samples under certain conditions: 1) the color emission for the BiZr sample (made with urea) was changed from yellow to orange-red after increasing the annealing temperature from 775 or 850 °C and 2) the YZr sample (annealed at 775 °C) changed its color emission from green to red after using thiourea instead of urea. Surprisingly, the Y0.25Bi0.75Zr sample always maintained its green emission despite the change of fuel or annealing temperature. In general, the results of this research demonstrate that different fuels or synthesis temperatures can be used to enhance the upconversion emission or to tune the emission color. This avoids the use of high concentrations of rare earths to produce any of these effects as previously reported in the literature.
期刊介绍：
Optical Materials has an open access mirror journal Optical Materials: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review.
The purpose of Optical Materials is to provide a means of communication and technology transfer between researchers who are interested in materials for potential device applications. The journal publishes original papers and review articles on the design, synthesis, characterisation and applications of optical materials.
OPTICAL MATERIALS focuses on:
• Optical Properties of Material Systems;
• The Materials Aspects of Optical Phenomena;
• The Materials Aspects of Devices and Applications.
Authors can submit separate research elements describing their data to Data in Brief and methods to Methods X.
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