Impact of topographic and hydrological parameters on urban health in Jaipur City

This study investigates the relationship between hydrological factors and waterlogged regions, emphasizing the critical role of robust urban drainage systems in reducing urban flood risks and improving urban health. Using satellite data and GIS technologies, the study revealed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.65, p < 0.01) between the Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), Land Surface Temperature (LST), and turbidity. Additionally, the Normalised Difference Water Index (NDWI) exhibited an upward trend from 2015 to 2022, indicating a 15 % increase in stagnant water. Notably, waterlogged areas were most vulnerable to environmental stress between October and December. The research highlights that areas with high TWI values have a statistically significant association (p < 0.05) with increased disease transmission risk due to stagnant water. The findings underscore the impact of land-use changes and precipitation patterns on urban hydrology and emphasize the necessity for efficient urban drainage systems to safeguard public health.