A study on the manufacture of CNT composites bipolar plate for the fuel cell using a nanosecond pulsed laser

The channels of the graphite-based bipolar plate for hydrogen fuel cells were mainly manufactured through milling due to low forming elongation and processability. However, during the milling process, the machining precision is low due to tool wear and vibration, and there is a risk of breakage. Non-traditional laser processing can solve the problems of tool wear and vibration through non-contact processing. In this study, the interaction characteristics of the nanosecond pulsed laser and CNT composites were observed, and channels and bipolar plates were manufactured. The effect of scanning speed and pulse duration was observed for interaction characteristics. Defects were observed due to high thermal effects at low scanning speed and high pulse duration. Channels were created depending on parallel pitch distance [$\Delta S$] and Number of Scans (NOS). The channel was evaluated for depth, top width, bottom width, channel angle, material removal rate, and surface roughness, and significant changes were observed depending on $\Delta S$. The chemical composition, surface resistance, and contact angle of the laser-processed channel were measured. The laser processed channel was oxidized, and the surface resistance and contact angle increased. Finally, the manufacturability of the CNT composites bipolar plate using laser was examined.