An electrochemical aptasensor for theophylline detection was developed by integrating computational analysis, gold nanoparticle–modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE/AuNP), and hydrogel-forming microneedles. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the preferential and stable binding of the DNA aptamer to theophylline within a conserved stem–loop region, providing a molecular basis for selectivity. AuNP modification significantly enhanced electron-transfer kinetics and electroactive surface area, enabling sensitive signal transduction. The aptasensor exhibited a linear response over the range of 10–1000 μM with a detection limit of 0.39 μM and high reproducibility (RSD 1.59 %). Excellent selectivity was observed against common interferents. Integration with hydrogel microneedles enabled the detection of theophylline in spiked human blood, achieving a detection limit of 0.29 μM and satisfactory recovery. These results demonstrate the potential of the developed microneedle-assisted aptasensor as a minimally invasive platform for therapeutic drug monitoring of theophylline.
{"title":"Electrochemical microneedle DNA-aptasensor for in vitro theophylline detection supported by molecular docking analysis","authors":"Yeni Wahyuni Hartati , Serly Zuliska , Wulan Khaerani , Irkham , Jarnuzi Gunlazuardi , Qonita Kurnia Anjani , Takeshi Kondo , Prastika Krisma Jiwanti","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An electrochemical aptasensor for theophylline detection was developed by integrating computational analysis, gold nanoparticle–modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE/AuNP), and hydrogel-forming microneedles. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the preferential and stable binding of the DNA aptamer to theophylline within a conserved stem–loop region, providing a molecular basis for selectivity. AuNP modification significantly enhanced electron-transfer kinetics and electroactive surface area, enabling sensitive signal transduction. The aptasensor exhibited a linear response over the range of 10–1000 μM with a detection limit of 0.39 μM and high reproducibility (RSD 1.59 %). Excellent selectivity was observed against common interferents. Integration with hydrogel microneedles enabled the detection of theophylline in spiked human blood, achieving a detection limit of 0.29 μM and satisfactory recovery. These results demonstrate the potential of the developed microneedle-assisted aptasensor as a minimally invasive platform for therapeutic drug monitoring of theophylline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101107"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101104
Zhanhai Li , Zhenhua Zhang , Shengde Liang , Xun Wang
Flexible electronic devices can retain stable electrical performance under complex deformations, thus offering a key technological pathway for cutting-edge nanoscale electronic systems. However, the precise design of two-dimensional (2D) material-based devices with high bending tolerance and low power (LP) consumption remains a core bottleneck that urgently demands resolution. In this work, we systematically investigate the crystal structure, dynamic stability, intrinsic electronic properties, and quantum transport behavior of monolayer B4Cl4 applied in a 5.0 nm process node flexible metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) via the combination of density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green's function method. Results demonstrate that the n-type MOSFETs with transport along the x-direction (x,nMOSFETs) can simultaneously satisfy the core specifications of the international semiconductor technology roadmap (ITRS) for high-performance (HP) and LP devices by 2028. The non-conformally bent dual-gate (DG) x,nMOSFET exhibits excellent bending tolerance, with its maximum on-state current exceeding 98.94% (43.44%) of the ITRS HP (LP) standards. Moreover, its subthreshold swing approaches the 60 mV/dec thermodynamic limit across the entire bending range, and the power-delay product (PDP) of the LP device is merely half of the ITRS benchmark. For the conformally bent DG x,nMOSFET, it can further reduce gate capacitance, intrinsic delay time, and PDP under the same bending amplitude, thereby opening up a new direction for LP device integration. This work not only verifies the unique application advantages of monolayer B4Cl4 in 5 nm node flexible HP/LP nanoelectronic devices, but also lays a crucial theoretical foundation for the precise construction of 2D material-based LP flexible devices, and offers insights into the device design paradigm featuring collaborative optimization of multi-structure and multi-bending-mode configurations.
柔性电子器件可以在复杂变形条件下保持稳定的电性能，从而为尖端纳米级电子系统提供了关键的技术途径。然而，具有高弯曲公差和低功耗（LP）消耗的二维（2D）材料基器件的精确设计仍然是迫切需要解决的核心瓶颈。本文采用密度泛函理论和非平衡格林函数相结合的方法，系统地研究了应用于5.0 nm工艺节点柔性金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管（MOSFET）的单层B4Cl4的晶体结构、动态稳定性、内在电子特性和量子输运行为。结果表明，具有沿x方向传输的n型mosfet （x, nmosfet）可以同时满足2028年高性能（HP）和LP器件的国际半导体技术路线图（ITRS）的核心规格。非共形弯曲双栅（DG） x，nMOSFET具有优异的弯曲容限，其最大导通电流超过ITRS HP （LP）标准的98.94%（43.44%）。此外，其亚阈值摆幅在整个弯曲范围内接近60 mV/dec热力学极限，LP器件的功率延迟积（PDP）仅为ITRS基准的一半。对于共形弯曲DG x，nMOSFET，在相同弯曲幅度下，它可以进一步降低栅极电容、固有延迟时间和PDP，从而为LP器件集成开辟了新的方向。本研究不仅验证了单层B4Cl4在5nm节点柔性HP/LP纳米电子器件中的独特应用优势，而且为精确构建基于二维材料的LP柔性器件奠定了重要的理论基础，并为多结构、多弯曲模式配置协同优化的器件设计模式提供了见解。
{"title":"Quantum transport simulation of 2D B4Cl4 in 5.0 nm node flexible MOSFETs","authors":"Zhanhai Li , Zhenhua Zhang , Shengde Liang , Xun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flexible electronic devices can retain stable electrical performance under complex deformations, thus offering a key technological pathway for cutting-edge nanoscale electronic systems. However, the precise design of two-dimensional (2D) material-based devices with high bending tolerance and low power (LP) consumption remains a core bottleneck that urgently demands resolution. In this work, we systematically investigate the crystal structure, dynamic stability, intrinsic electronic properties, and quantum transport behavior of monolayer B<sub>4</sub>Cl<sub>4</sub> applied in a 5.0 nm process node flexible metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) via the combination of density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green's function method. Results demonstrate that the n-type MOSFETs with transport along the <em>x</em>-direction (<em>x</em>,nMOSFETs) can simultaneously satisfy the core specifications of the international semiconductor technology roadmap (ITRS) for high-performance (HP) and LP devices by 2028. The non-conformally bent dual-gate (DG) <em>x</em>,nMOSFET exhibits excellent bending tolerance, with its maximum on-state current exceeding 98.94% (43.44%) of the ITRS HP (LP) standards. Moreover, its subthreshold swing approaches the 60 mV/dec thermodynamic limit across the entire bending range, and the power-delay product (PDP) of the LP device is merely half of the ITRS benchmark. For the conformally bent DG <em>x</em>,nMOSFET, it can further reduce gate capacitance, intrinsic delay time, and PDP under the same bending amplitude, thereby opening up a new direction for LP device integration. This work not only verifies the unique application advantages of monolayer B<sub>4</sub>Cl<sub>4</sub> in 5 nm node flexible HP/LP nanoelectronic devices, but also lays a crucial theoretical foundation for the precise construction of 2D material-based LP flexible devices, and offers insights into the device design paradigm featuring collaborative optimization of multi-structure and multi-bending-mode configurations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101104"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101103
Ehab A. Abdelrahman , Mohamed R. Elamin , Nada S. Al-Kadhi , Reem K. Shah , Sawsan Alashqar
Basic blue 41 is a persistent cationic dye whose intense color and high stability threaten aquatic ecosystems and degrade water quality even at low levels. Continued exposure can promote oxidative stress and possible genotoxic effects in living organisms, so its removal from wastewater is essential. In this study, the precursor produced by a facile Pechini sol–gel route was calcined at 500 and 700 °C to obtain Mg2B2O5/Sr2B2O5/MnO2/C (MBSM500) and Mg2B2O5/SrB2O4/Mn2(BO3)O/C (MBSM700) nanocomposites, respectively, for efficient adsorption of basic blue 41 from wastewater. XRD verified the production of well-crystallized multiphase structures with average crystal sizes of 49 nm concerning MBSM500 as well as 63 nm concerning MBSM700. EDX revealed B, C, O, Mg, Mn, and Sr in both materials, with MBSM500 containing more residual carbon, while MBSM700 exhibited relatively higher Mg, Mn, and Sr contents. FE-SEM and HR-TEM images showed highly agglomerated plate- and flake-like particles for MBSM500 and denser aggregates of larger quasi-spherical nanograins for MBSM700. Under the optimal operating conditions (initial dye concentration = 250 mg/L, pH = 10, and T = 298 K), MBSM500 removed 98.58 % of basic blue 41 within 60 min, whereas MBSM700 achieved 73.03 % removal in 80 min. Adsorption studies yielded maximum Langmuir capacities of 373.13 mg/g concerning MBSM500 as well as 290.69 mg/g concerning MBSM700. Thermodynamic and kinetic analyses demonstrated that basic blue 41 uptake is physically exothermic and spontaneous and follows the pseudo-first-order rate model and Langmuir monolayer isotherm behavior. Both nanocomposites could be effectively regenerated by acid elution and reused over several cycles while maintaining high performance in real laboratory wastewater, which highlights their promise as practical adsorbents for treating basic blue 41 contaminated effluents.
{"title":"Engineering novel nanocomposites containing multiphase metal borates and carbon for basic blue 41 sequestration from wastewater","authors":"Ehab A. Abdelrahman , Mohamed R. Elamin , Nada S. Al-Kadhi , Reem K. Shah , Sawsan Alashqar","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Basic blue 41 is a persistent cationic dye whose intense color and high stability threaten aquatic ecosystems and degrade water quality even at low levels. Continued exposure can promote oxidative stress and possible genotoxic effects in living organisms, so its removal from wastewater is essential. In this study, the precursor produced by a facile Pechini sol–gel route was calcined at 500 and 700 °C to obtain Mg<sub>2</sub>B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/Sr<sub>2</sub>B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/MnO<sub>2</sub>/C (MBSM500) and Mg<sub>2</sub>B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/SrB<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Mn<sub>2</sub>(BO<sub>3</sub>)O/C (MBSM700) nanocomposites, respectively, for efficient adsorption of basic blue 41 from wastewater. XRD verified the production of well-crystallized multiphase structures with average crystal sizes of 49 nm concerning MBSM500 as well as 63 nm concerning MBSM700. EDX revealed B, C, O, Mg, Mn, and Sr in both materials, with MBSM500 containing more residual carbon, while MBSM700 exhibited relatively higher Mg, Mn, and Sr contents. FE-SEM and HR-TEM images showed highly agglomerated plate- and flake-like particles for MBSM500 and denser aggregates of larger quasi-spherical nanograins for MBSM700. Under the optimal operating conditions (initial dye concentration = 250 mg/L, pH = 10, and T = 298 K), MBSM500 removed 98.58 % of basic blue 41 within 60 min, whereas MBSM700 achieved 73.03 % removal in 80 min. Adsorption studies yielded maximum Langmuir capacities of 373.13 mg/g concerning MBSM500 as well as 290.69 mg/g concerning MBSM700. Thermodynamic and kinetic analyses demonstrated that basic blue 41 uptake is physically exothermic and spontaneous and follows the pseudo-first-order rate model and Langmuir monolayer isotherm behavior. Both nanocomposites could be effectively regenerated by acid elution and reused over several cycles while maintaining high performance in real laboratory wastewater, which highlights their promise as practical adsorbents for treating basic blue 41 contaminated effluents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101103"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101101
Md.Bakey Billa , Mohammad Tariqul Islam , Touhidul Alam , Mandeep Singh , Mohamed Ouda , Abdulmajeed M. Alenezi , Mohamad A. Alawad
Accurate characterization of low-permittivity materials is essential for advancing high-frequency electronics, novel substrates, and microwave sensing systems. However, conventional methods often suffer from bulkiness, limited sensitivity, or complex measurement processes. To overcome these limitations, an innovative graphene oxide nanoparticle-infused metamaterial sensor specifically engineered for low-permittivity detection. The sensor comprises a hybrid circular and square split-ring resonator (SRRs) fabricated using 0.035 mm conductive copper tape on a graphene oxide substrate, enabling tunable resistive properties and enhanced electromagnetic confinement. The sensor is experimentally measured in an X-band waveguide system with TRL calibration from 8 to 10 GHz. The sensor exhibits a strong agreement between simulated and measured S21 responses, with a resonance shift from 8.592 GHz (ε = 1) to 8.36 GHz (ε = 3.66), and a relative error consistently below 1 %. Effective medium analysis reveals that the metamaterial exhibits negative permittivity (ε < 0) and permeability (μ< 0) at resonance, confirming its left-handed metamaterial behavior. The surface current, electric field, and magnetic field distributions show strong localization at the resonator gaps, contributing to enhanced sensing performance. A linear regression model between dielectric constant and resonance frequency shift (Δf) is developed with a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.908, and the derived model exhibits a maximum absolute error under 2 %. The measured sensitivity reached up to 140.3 MHz/Δε for ε = 1.57, demonstrating superior performance in low-ε characterization compared to traditional sensors. The combination of metamaterial-inspired resonance behavior, tunable graphene conductivity, and analytical modeling enables this sensor to serve as an efficient, low-cost, and highly sensitive platform for dielectric characterization.
{"title":"Graphene oxide nanoparticle-infused metamaterial sensor for low permittivity characterization","authors":"Md.Bakey Billa , Mohammad Tariqul Islam , Touhidul Alam , Mandeep Singh , Mohamed Ouda , Abdulmajeed M. Alenezi , Mohamad A. Alawad","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate characterization of low-permittivity materials is essential for advancing high-frequency electronics, novel substrates, and microwave sensing systems. However, conventional methods often suffer from bulkiness, limited sensitivity, or complex measurement processes. To overcome these limitations, an innovative graphene oxide nanoparticle-infused metamaterial sensor specifically engineered for low-permittivity detection. The sensor comprises a hybrid circular and square split-ring resonator (SRRs) fabricated using 0.035 mm conductive copper tape on a graphene oxide substrate, enabling tunable resistive properties and enhanced electromagnetic confinement. The sensor is experimentally measured in an X-band waveguide system with TRL calibration from 8 to 10 GHz. The sensor exhibits a strong agreement between simulated and measured S<sub>21</sub> responses, with a resonance shift from 8.592 GHz <em>(ε = 1</em>) to 8.36 GHz (<em>ε = 3.66</em>), and a relative error consistently below 1 %. Effective medium analysis reveals that the metamaterial exhibits negative permittivity (<em>ε < 0</em>) and permeability (<em>μ< 0</em>) at resonance, confirming its left-handed metamaterial behavior. The surface current, electric field, and magnetic field distributions show strong localization at the resonator gaps, contributing to enhanced sensing performance. A linear regression model between dielectric constant and resonance frequency shift (<em>Δf</em>) is developed with a coefficient of determination R<sup>2</sup> = 0.908, and the derived model exhibits a maximum absolute error under 2 %. The measured sensitivity reached up to 140.3 MHz/Δε for <em>ε</em> = 1.57, demonstrating superior performance in low-ε characterization compared to traditional sensors. The combination of metamaterial-inspired resonance behavior, tunable graphene conductivity, and analytical modeling enables this sensor to serve as an efficient, low-cost, and highly sensitive platform for dielectric characterization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101101"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study developed poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC)-based ultrafiltration membranes enhanced with amino-functionalized MIL-101–NH2 (Al/Cr) metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) using the phase inversion method. The membranes were characterized by FTIR, SEM, AFM, and contact angle measurements. The incorporation of MOFs significantly improved membrane hydrophilicity, porosity (up to ∼85 %), and water uptake (nearly 80 %), with the M2 (Cr) and M2 (Al) composites showing the optimal performance balance. Incorporation of MIL-101–NH2 noticeably improved membrane performance by increasing porosity to around 85 % and water uptake to nearly 80 %. Among the fabricated membranes, M2 (Cr) and M2 (Al) showed the most favorable balance between pore structure and hydrophilicity. As a result, these optimized membranes demonstrated a marked enhancement in pure water flux, reaching about 534.7 L m−2 h−1 for M2 (Cr) and 526.2 L m−2 h−1 for M2 (Al), compared with only 276.7 L m−2 h−1 for the pristine PVC membrane. Performance tests indicated that introducing hydrophilic –NH2 groups and interconnected pores significantly improved pure water flux compared to pristine PVC. The optimized membranes exhibited effective removal of humic acid (≈70–80 %), methyl orange (≈29 %), and methylene blue (≈47 %) due to the combined effects of size exclusion and electrostatic interactions. They also demonstrated enhanced antifouling behavior, with flux recovery ratios (FRR) of approximately 51–52 % for the best-performing membranes, indicating improved cleaning efficiency relative to pristine PVC. Antibacterial evaluation using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method revealed that MIL-101–NH2(Al) membranes displayed broader antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, and S. enteritidis, whereas MIL-101–NH2(Cr) showed selective activity mainly against E. coli and B. subtilis.
本研究采用相转化方法制备了氨基功能化MIL-101-NH2 （Al/Cr）金属有机骨架（mof）增强聚氯乙烯（PVC）基超滤膜。通过红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电镜（SEM）、原子力显微镜（AFM）和接触角测量对膜进行了表征。mof的掺入显著提高了膜的亲水性、孔隙率（高达~ 85%）和吸水性（近80%），其中M2 （Cr）和M2 （Al）复合材料表现出最佳的性能平衡。MIL-101-NH2的掺入显著改善了膜的性能，将孔隙率提高到85%左右，吸水性提高到近80%。在制备的膜中，M2 （Cr）和M2 （Al）在孔隙结构和亲水性之间表现出最有利的平衡。结果表明，优化膜的纯水通量显著提高，M2 （Cr）和M2 （Al）分别达到534.7 L m−2 h−1和526.2 L m−2 h−1，而原始PVC膜的纯水通量仅为276.7 L m−2 h−1。性能测试表明，与原始PVC相比，引入亲水性-NH2基团和相互连接的孔显着提高了纯水通量。由于尺寸排斥和静电相互作用的共同作用，优化后的膜对腐植酸（≈70 - 80%）、甲基橙（≈29%）和亚甲基蓝（≈47%）的去除率达到了较高的水平。它们还显示出增强的防污性能，最佳膜的通量回收率（FRR）约为51 - 52%，表明相对于原始PVC，清洁效率有所提高。采用Kirby-Bauer圆盘扩散法对MIL-101-NH2 （Al）膜进行抑菌评价，结果表明MIL-101-NH2 （Cr）膜对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和肠炎链球菌具有较强的抗菌活性，而MIL-101-NH2 （Cr）膜主要对大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌具有选择性抗菌活性。
{"title":"Engineered PVC ultrafiltration membranes with amine-functionalized MOFs for water treatment: A comparative study on dye removal and antibacterial performance","authors":"Amir Hossein Hamzeh , Shefa Mirani Nezhad , Ehsan Nazarzadeh Zare , Jafar Mahmoudi , Hassan Karimi-Maleh","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study developed poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC)-based ultrafiltration membranes enhanced with amino-functionalized MIL-101–NH<sub>2</sub> (Al/Cr) metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) using the phase inversion method. The membranes were characterized by FTIR, SEM, AFM, and contact angle measurements. The incorporation of MOFs significantly improved membrane hydrophilicity, porosity (up to ∼85 %), and water uptake (nearly 80 %), with the M2 (Cr) and M2 (Al) composites showing the optimal performance balance. Incorporation of MIL-101–NH<sub>2</sub> noticeably improved membrane performance by increasing porosity to around 85 % and water uptake to nearly 80 %. Among the fabricated membranes, M2 (Cr) and M2 (Al) showed the most favorable balance between pore structure and hydrophilicity. As a result, these optimized membranes demonstrated a marked enhancement in pure water flux, reaching about 534.7 L m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> for M2 (Cr) and 526.2 L m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> for M2 (Al), compared with only 276.7 L m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> for the pristine PVC membrane. Performance tests indicated that introducing hydrophilic –NH<sub>2</sub> groups and interconnected pores significantly improved pure water flux compared to pristine PVC. The optimized membranes exhibited effective removal of humic acid (≈70–80 %), methyl orange (≈29 %), and methylene blue (≈47 %) due to the combined effects of size exclusion and electrostatic interactions. They also demonstrated enhanced antifouling behavior, with flux recovery ratios (FRR) of approximately 51–52 % for the best-performing membranes, indicating improved cleaning efficiency relative to pristine PVC. Antibacterial evaluation using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method revealed that MIL-101–NH<sub>2</sub>(Al) membranes displayed broader antibacterial activity against <em>E. coli</em>, <em>S. aureus</em>, and <em>S. enteritidis</em>, whereas MIL-101–NH<sub>2</sub>(Cr) showed selective activity mainly against <em>E. coli</em> and <em>B. subtilis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101102"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101100
Xinmiao Yu , Shifa Wang , Peilin Mo , Huajing Gao , Changhua Wang
The low charge transfer and separation efficiency of high-entropy oxides remain the urgent problems that need to be solved to limit their application in the field of photocatalysis. A low-temperature sintering technology combined with polyacrylamide gel method was used to synthesis a series of Z-scheme heterojunctions (Ni0.2Zn0.2Mg0.2Cu0.2Co0.2)[Al0.9(Cr0.025Fe0.025Mn0.025Co0.025)]2O4/photinia leaves (A/Ps) with the diverse mass percentages of A/Ps, namely 9:1 (S1), 8:2 (S2), and 7:3 (S3) to enhance the photocatalytic activity of high-entropy oxides. The C element in Ps, the continuous reaction of various multivalent metals, and the electron transfer pathway are conducive to the available active Peroxomonosulfate (PMS). The degradation percentage of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) by S3/PMS/vis reaches 82.6 % within 20 min, surpassing the Ps/vis, A/vis and S3/vis for 5.39, 2.07 and 2.96 times, respectively. The S3/PMS/vis exhibits high charge transfer and separation efficiency, excellent cyclic and structural stability, which is suitable for diverse environmental conditions, and demonstrates a remarkable degradation percentage. Density functional theory (DFT) is employed to investigate the variation of adsorption energy in different catalysis systems. The degradation pathway and ecotoxicity of CIP are assessed to confirm the effective degradation of CIP by S3/PMS/vis and emphasize that the charge transfer and photo-activation PMS are effective strategies for removing pollutants from natural water bodies.
{"title":"Charge transfer and PMS activation in high-entropy spinel oxide-based Z-scheme heterojunctions for ciprofloxacin degradation","authors":"Xinmiao Yu , Shifa Wang , Peilin Mo , Huajing Gao , Changhua Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The low charge transfer and separation efficiency of high-entropy oxides remain the urgent problems that need to be solved to limit their application in the field of photocatalysis. A low-temperature sintering technology combined with polyacrylamide gel method was used to synthesis a series of Z-scheme heterojunctions (Ni<sub>0.2</sub>Zn<sub>0.2</sub>Mg<sub>0.2</sub>Cu<sub>0.2</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>)[Al<sub>0.9</sub>(Cr<sub>0.025</sub>Fe<sub>0.025</sub>Mn<sub>0.025</sub>Co<sub>0.025</sub>)]<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/photinia leaves (A/Ps) with the diverse mass percentages of A/Ps, namely 9:1 (S1), 8:2 (S2), and 7:3 (S3) to enhance the photocatalytic activity of high-entropy oxides. The C element in Ps, the continuous reaction of various multivalent metals, and the electron transfer pathway are conducive to the available active Peroxomonosulfate (PMS). The degradation percentage of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) by S3/PMS/vis reaches 82.6 % within 20 min, surpassing the Ps/vis, A/vis and S3/vis for 5.39, 2.07 and 2.96 times, respectively. The S3/PMS/vis exhibits high charge transfer and separation efficiency, excellent cyclic and structural stability, which is suitable for diverse environmental conditions, and demonstrates a remarkable degradation percentage. Density functional theory (DFT) is employed to investigate the variation of adsorption energy in different catalysis systems. The degradation pathway and ecotoxicity of CIP are assessed to confirm the effective degradation of CIP by S3/PMS/vis and emphasize that the charge transfer and photo-activation PMS are effective strategies for removing pollutants from natural water bodies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101100"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101099
Huan Xie , Shaoyun Chen , Bo Qu , Xiaoying Liu , Wenjie Li , Rui Wang , Linxi Hou , Dongxian Zhuo
In recent years, light-curing 3D printing technology has been extensively adopted across various fields due to its advantages, including high precision and efficiency. As the key material in this technology, the properties of photosensitive resin directly influence the mechanical strength, thermal stability, and functional characteristics of the printed parts. Bismaleimide (BMI) resin exhibits excellent heat resistance, dielectric properties, and mechanical strength. However, its inherent brittleness and poor processability have limited its application in 3D printing. To address these challenges, this study synthesized a BAG oligomer containing flexible siloxane segments and photosensitive groups via a Michael addition reaction. This oligomer was incorporated into a photosensitive resin system to develop a novel BMI resin tailored for light-curing 3D printing. The effects of varying BAG content on the resin's rheological behavior, 3D printing compatibility, mechanical performance, thermal stability, dynamic thermomechanical properties, water absorption, and dielectric characteristics were systematically investigated. The results demonstrated that at a BAG oligomer content of 10 wt%, the resin achieved optimal overall performance, with tensile strength and flexural strength reaching 56.9 MPa and 148.8 MPa, respectively. Additionally, impact strength increased continuously with higher BAG content, peaking at 11.5 kJ/m2. The maximum decomposition temperature (Tmax) rose to 421.4 °C, accompanied by a notable increase in char residue. Dynamic mechanical analysis indicated an increase in storage modulus to 1704.5 MPa and cross-linking density, although the glass transition temperature (Tg) experienced a slight decline. While the addition of BAG marginally elevated the dielectric constant (Dk), it significantly reduced dielectric loss (Df) to 0.010, underscoring favorable dielectric properties. In summary, this work develops and validates a BMI-based photosensitive resin that simultaneously meets the critical requirements for printability, mechanical performance, thermal stability, and dielectric properties, presenting a formulation with practical potential for broadening the use of BMI in light-curing 3D printing.
{"title":"Preparation of silicone- bismaleimide photosensitive resin and its application in 3D printing","authors":"Huan Xie , Shaoyun Chen , Bo Qu , Xiaoying Liu , Wenjie Li , Rui Wang , Linxi Hou , Dongxian Zhuo","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, light-curing 3D printing technology has been extensively adopted across various fields due to its advantages, including high precision and efficiency. As the key material in this technology, the properties of photosensitive resin directly influence the mechanical strength, thermal stability, and functional characteristics of the printed parts. Bismaleimide (BMI) resin exhibits excellent heat resistance, dielectric properties, and mechanical strength. However, its inherent brittleness and poor processability have limited its application in 3D printing. To address these challenges, this study synthesized a BAG oligomer containing flexible siloxane segments and photosensitive groups via a Michael addition reaction. This oligomer was incorporated into a photosensitive resin system to develop a novel BMI resin tailored for light-curing 3D printing. The effects of varying BAG content on the resin's rheological behavior, 3D printing compatibility, mechanical performance, thermal stability, dynamic thermomechanical properties, water absorption, and dielectric characteristics were systematically investigated. The results demonstrated that at a BAG oligomer content of 10 wt%, the resin achieved optimal overall performance, with tensile strength and flexural strength reaching 56.9 MPa and 148.8 MPa, respectively. Additionally, impact strength increased continuously with higher BAG content, peaking at 11.5 kJ/m<sup>2</sup>. The maximum decomposition temperature (T<sub>max)</sub> rose to 421.4 °C, accompanied by a notable increase in char residue. Dynamic mechanical analysis indicated an increase in storage modulus to 1704.5 MPa and cross-linking density, although the glass transition temperature (T<sub>g</sub>) experienced a slight decline. While the addition of BAG marginally elevated the dielectric constant (D<sub>k</sub>), it significantly reduced dielectric loss (D<sub>f</sub>) to 0.010, underscoring favorable dielectric properties. In summary, this work develops and validates a BMI-based photosensitive resin that simultaneously meets the critical requirements for printability, mechanical performance, thermal stability, and dielectric properties, presenting a formulation with practical potential for broadening the use of BMI in light-curing 3D printing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101099"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101092
Vinod Agarawal, Somesh Kumar
Scaling copper interconnects below the 7-nm technology node results in severe resistivity increase due to enhanced electron scattering, necessitating alternative interconnect materials. This work proposes borophene nanoribbons (BNRs) and presents a novel analytical models to evaluate their intrinsic mean free path (MFP), resistance, and effective resistivity under ideal smooth-surface conditions. The model captures quantum transport effects and Fermi-energy-dependent conduction channels for armchair and zigzag BNRs and is benchmarked against graphene and copper. At the 7-nm node and a Fermi energy of 0.3 eV, borophene exhibits an intrinsic MFP comparable to graphene and nearly three orders of magnitude higher than copper. Additionally, borophene achieves up to an 85.5% reduction in effective resistivity compared to copper, while maintaining competitive performance relative to graphene. These findings demonstrate that Fermi-energy tuning significantly enhances borophene’s transport performance, highlighting its strong potential as a scalable and energy-efficient on-chip interconnect material for advanced CMOS technologies.
{"title":"Analytical models for mean free path and resistivity of borophene for on-chip interconnects","authors":"Vinod Agarawal, Somesh Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scaling copper interconnects below the 7-nm technology node results in severe resistivity increase due to enhanced electron scattering, necessitating alternative interconnect materials. This work proposes borophene nanoribbons (BNRs) and presents a novel analytical models to evaluate their intrinsic mean free path (MFP), resistance, and effective resistivity under ideal smooth-surface conditions. The model captures quantum transport effects and Fermi-energy-dependent conduction channels for armchair and zigzag BNRs and is benchmarked against graphene and copper. At the 7-nm node and a Fermi energy of 0.3 eV, borophene exhibits an intrinsic MFP comparable to graphene and nearly three orders of magnitude higher than copper. Additionally, borophene achieves up to an 85.5% reduction in effective resistivity compared to copper, while maintaining competitive performance relative to graphene. These findings demonstrate that Fermi-energy tuning significantly enhances borophene’s transport performance, highlighting its strong potential as a scalable and energy-efficient on-chip interconnect material for advanced CMOS technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101092"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101098
Chengdong Yang, Yue Wu, Linlin Su, Lihua Xu, Hongxu Li
We propose a thickness-modulated strategy for implementing two operations (optoelectronic synapse and photodetector) simultaneously in the same device structure. For the MoS2 thickness of <56 nm, the device works as an optoelectronic synapse with some neuromorphic functionalities such as spike-interval-dependent plasticity, spike-rate-dependent plasticity, and short-to-long-term plasticity. By combining synaptic plasticity with an artificial neural network, it achieves precise image recognition and classification with an accuracy of >95 %. As the thickness increases, excitons and trapping sites are separated by an increasing gap that facilitates a mode transition from synapse to detector. For 368-nm thickness, devices exhibit a photodetector mode with the response speed at the millisecond level and responsivity of 163 mA/W.
{"title":"Trapping-tunable dual-mode optoelectronic device for optoelectronic synapse and photodetector","authors":"Chengdong Yang, Yue Wu, Linlin Su, Lihua Xu, Hongxu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose a thickness-modulated strategy for implementing two operations (optoelectronic synapse and photodetector) simultaneously in the same device structure. For the MoS<sub>2</sub> thickness of <56 nm, the device works as an optoelectronic synapse with some neuromorphic functionalities such as spike-interval-dependent plasticity, spike-rate-dependent plasticity, and short-to-long-term plasticity. By combining synaptic plasticity with an artificial neural network, it achieves precise image recognition and classification with an accuracy of >95 %. As the thickness increases, excitons and trapping sites are separated by an increasing gap that facilitates a mode transition from synapse to detector. For 368-nm thickness, devices exhibit a photodetector mode with the response speed at the millisecond level and responsivity of 163 mA/W.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101098"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101097
Se Jin Park , Jinhong Park , Dohyeon Gil , Jae Wook Ahn , Minsu Choi , Jaewon Jang , In Man Kang , Jangwoo Kim , Hyun Sung Park , Young-Gu Kang , HyeonDo Park , Do-Kyung Kim , Jin-Hyuk Bae
Oxide semiconductors have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation electronic devices due to their inherent advantages. However, achieving high stability under strong gate bias stress remains a critical challenge, especially for applications in advanced electronic systems. In this study, we propose a conductivity-tailored thermal crystallization strategy to significantly reduce the high-bias-stress-induced instability of indium oxide (InOX) thin-film transistors (TFTs). The introduction of yttrium oxide (YOX) capping layer effectively suppresses the unintended excessive free electrons induced during thermal annealing, thereby preventing the degradation of threshold voltage (VT) and on/off current ratio. As a result, the proposed crystallization approach simultaneously enables excellent initial electrical performance and enhanced bias stability. Notably, the dependence of VT shift (ΔVT) on electric field stress (ESTR), i.e., the slope of the ΔVT with respect to the ESTR, was highly decreased for high-crystalline InOX/YOX TFTs compared to the control group. The mathematical relationship between ΔVT and ESTR, along with the interpretation of the stretched exponential model parameters reflecting the physical mechanisms of device degradation, suggests that thermal crystallization suppresses the electron trapping in acceptor-like trap states in the bulk InOX. Therefore, these mechanisms contribute to the dramatic enhancement in high-electric field stability. These findings underscore the importance of microstructural engineering in oxide semiconductors for emerging applications requiring robust gate-field endurance and long-term device stability, including monolithic 3D integration, memory, and advanced display technologies.
{"title":"Solution-crystallized and conductivity-tailored ultrathin-body indium oxide for high-bias-stress-robust enhancement-mode transistors","authors":"Se Jin Park , Jinhong Park , Dohyeon Gil , Jae Wook Ahn , Minsu Choi , Jaewon Jang , In Man Kang , Jangwoo Kim , Hyun Sung Park , Young-Gu Kang , HyeonDo Park , Do-Kyung Kim , Jin-Hyuk Bae","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxide semiconductors have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation electronic devices due to their inherent advantages. However, achieving high stability under strong gate bias stress remains a critical challenge, especially for applications in advanced electronic systems. In this study, we propose a conductivity-tailored thermal crystallization strategy to significantly reduce the high-bias-stress-induced instability of indium oxide (InO<sub>X</sub>) thin-film transistors (TFTs). The introduction of yttrium oxide (YO<sub>X</sub>) capping layer effectively suppresses the unintended excessive free electrons induced during thermal annealing, thereby preventing the degradation of threshold voltage (V<sub>T</sub>) and on/off current ratio. As a result, the proposed crystallization approach simultaneously enables excellent initial electrical performance and enhanced bias stability. Notably, the dependence of V<sub>T</sub> shift (ΔV<sub>T</sub>) on electric field stress (E<sub>STR</sub>), i.e., the slope of the ΔV<sub>T</sub> with respect to the E<sub>STR</sub>, was highly decreased for high-crystalline InO<sub>X</sub>/YO<sub>X</sub> TFTs compared to the control group. The mathematical relationship between ΔV<sub>T</sub> and E<sub>STR</sub>, along with the interpretation of the stretched exponential model parameters reflecting the physical mechanisms of device degradation, suggests that thermal crystallization suppresses the electron trapping in acceptor-like trap states in the bulk InO<sub>X</sub>. Therefore, these mechanisms contribute to the dramatic enhancement in high-electric field stability. These findings underscore the importance of microstructural engineering in oxide semiconductors for emerging applications requiring robust gate-field endurance and long-term device stability, including monolithic 3D integration, memory, and advanced display technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101097"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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