Optimal sizing of battery energy storage system (BESS) for multiple applications using regression analysis and deep sleep optimizer algorithm

The multifunctional applications of battery energy storage system in a power system network will reduce the significant slack time of use as evident in many single-based applications. In order to deploy BESS for multiple applications, it is of utmost importance that the optimal size for the desired multiple functions, firstly be determined. This work proposes a novel methodology for the optimal sizing of battery energy storage system for frequency support, power loss minimization and voltage deviation mitigations. The suggested sizing methodology takes into account the level of penetration of the renewable energy sources in the power network. Regression analysis is used for mathematical formulations while Deep Sleep Heuristic algorithms in MATLAB environment is used for the optimization process for BESS optimal size. The robustness of the proposed method was tested by using IEEE modified 39-bus system. Simulation results show that with the BESS optimal size integrated into the network, voltage deviations were mitigated by about 20 % and power losses were reduced from 65.3 MW to 59.68 MW. Also, the system frequency nadir during the outage of the largest single generating, was sustained at 59.60 Hz whereas, without BESS it was 59.15 Hz. This is critical because such a frequency decline may activate the underfrequency load shedding relays.