Cu(ii) traceability in industrial samples: innovating detection with modified nanoparticles and magnetic electrodes†

This paper presents a novel approach for the sensitive detection of Cu(II) ions in acidic industrial samples, used in the manufacture of printed circuits. The study outlines the synthesis and functionalization of Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles, emphasizing the optimization of parameters affecting Cu(II) concentration measurements. The NPs are surface-modified with APTES and succinic acid and characterized through different methods including TEM imaging and FTIR analysis. A method employing the magnetic NPs for bulk preconcentration of Cu(II) ions, followed by collection using a simple and home-made magnetic glassy carbon electrode (MGCE), is detailed. The electrochemical analysis showcases the efficiency of the proposed method for rapid and sequential measurements of Cu(II) ions adequate for industrial matrices. Results demonstrate the potential of this approach for sensitive Cu(II) sensing, offering a cost-effective and efficient alternative to conventional analytical techniques. Notably, the successful quantification of Cu(II) concentrations in a real sample obtained from an acid industrial electroplating bath of CuSO₄ highlights the practical applicability of the developed methodology.