Nan Lan, Yushan Shen, Jingyi Li, Hanna He, Chuhong Zhang
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引用次数: 0
摘要
在用作钠离子电池(SIB)阳极时,硬碳的闭孔结构是实现高原电容量和快速扩散动力学的关键。然而,理解和建立结构-电化学关系仍然是一项重大挑战。这项研究首次引入了一种创新的深共晶溶剂(DES)细胞剪切策略,以精确定制天然竹子的细胞结构,进而定制其衍生硬碳中的闭孔。DES 剪切力可同时剪切和溶解无定形成分,形成尺寸可调的封闭孔核,并通过产生竞争氢键分解结晶纤维素,从而有效改变孔隙结构,精心调整孔壁厚度和有序性。优化后的闭孔结构具有适当的孔径(∼2 nm)和超薄(1-3 层)无序孔壁,表现出丰富的活性位点,并提供快速的离子扩散动力学和高反应可逆性。因此,在 30 mA g-1 的条件下,可实现 422 mAh g-1 的高可逆容量和卓越的速率能力(在 6 A g-1 的条件下,可实现 318.6 mAh g-1),几乎优于之前所有报道过的硬质碳。用于闭孔再生的细胞剪切化学新概念极大地推动了生物质材料在储能领域的应用。
Cell-Shearing Chemistry Directed Closed-Pore Regeneration in Biomass-Derived Hard Carbons for Ultrafast Sodium Storage
The closed-pore structure of hard carbons holds the key to high plateau capacity and rapid diffusion kinetics when applied as sodium-ion battery (SIB) anodes. However, understanding and establishing the structure-electrochemistry relationship still remains a significant challenge. This work, for the first time, introduces an innovative deep eutectic solvent (DES) cell-shearing strategy to precisely tailor the cell structure of natural bamboo and consequently the closed-pore in its derived hard carbons. The DES shearing force effectively modifies the pore architecture by simultaneously shearing and dissolving amorphous components to form closed pore cores with adjustable sizes, as well as disintegrating crystalline cellulose through generation of competing hydrogen bonds to elaborately tune the pore wall thickness and ordering. The optimized closed-pore structure featuring appropriate pore size (∼2 nm) and ultra-thin (1–3 layers) disordered pore walls, exhibits abundant active sites and delivers rapid ion diffusion kinetics and high reaction reversibility. Consequently, a high reversible capacity of 422 mAh g−1 at 30 mA g−1 along with an exceptional rate capability (318.6 mAh g−1 at 6 A g−1) are achieved, outperforming almost all previous reported hard carbons. The new concept of cell-shearing chemistry for closed-pore regeneration significantly advances the applications of biomass materials for energy storage.
期刊介绍:
Advanced Materials, one of the world's most prestigious journals and the foundation of the Advanced portfolio, is the home of choice for best-in-class materials science for more than 30 years. Following this fast-growing and interdisciplinary field, we are considering and publishing the most important discoveries on any and all materials from materials scientists, chemists, physicists, engineers as well as health and life scientists and bringing you the latest results and trends in modern materials-related research every week.