Xin Sun, Emily Louisa Cavill, Ashot Margaryan, Jianqing Lin, Søren Thingaard, Tamrini A Said, Shyam Gopalakrishnan, M Thomas P Gilbert
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引用次数: 0
摘要
最近灭绝的桑给巴尔豹是已知的非洲豹(Panthera pardus spp.)种群中唯一仅局限于一个主要岛屿栖息地的物种。虽然它的灭绝是由于栖息地的改变和与人类的冲突,但鉴于它是桑给巴尔群岛的关键物种,成功地重新引入它可能为帮助保护其前栖息地的自然生物多样性提供了一种手段。然而,这是否可行,将取决于能否在非洲大陆找到密切相关的来源种群,以及桑给巴尔种是否表现出任何特殊的适应性,在选择来源地时可能需要考虑这些因素。鉴于这些问题,我们对已知的六个历史标本中的两个进行了基因组分析,以探讨它们是否是通过重新引入来实现去外来化的现实候选物种。我们的分析表明,尽管桑给巴尔豹与东非大陆的个体在地理上相隔遥远,但它们之间却有着密切的遗传关系。此外,尽管近亲繁殖和变异负荷增加的基因组特征(后者与极度濒危的阿穆尔豹(P. p. orientalis)的水平相似)强调了桑给巴尔豹作为一个岛屿种群的独特性,但我们并没有发现桑给巴尔豹独有的具有重要功能的遗传多样性的证据。因此,我们得出结论,如果考虑在桑给巴尔恢复豹,那么东非大陆的豹将提供一个合适的基因库。
A Genomic Exploration of the Possible De-Extirpation of the Zanzibar Leopard.
The recently extirpated Zanzibar leopard was the only known African leopard (Panthera pardus spp.) population restricted exclusively to a major island habitat. Although its demise was driven through habitat change and conflict with humans, given its role as a keystone species for the Zanzibar Archipelago, its successful potential reintroduction might offer a means for helping preserve the natural biodiversity of its former habitat. Whether this is feasible, however, would be contingent on both whether closely related source populations can be identified on mainland Africa, and whether the Zanzibar form exhibited any special adaptations that might need to be considered when choosing such a source. In light of these questions, we genomically profiled two of the six known historic specimens, to explore whether they represent a realistic candidate for de-extirpation through reintroduction. Our analyses indicate that despite its geographical separation, the Zanzibar leopard shared a close genetic relationship with mainland East African individuals. Furthermore, although its uniqueness as an island population was emphasised by genomic signatures of high inbreeding and increased mutation load, the latter similar to the level of the critically endangered Amur leopard (P. p. orientalis), we find no evidence of functionally significant genetic diversity unique to Zanzibar. We therefore conclude that should attempts to restore leopards to Zanzibar be considered, then mainland East African leopards would provide a suitable gene pool.
期刊介绍:
Molecular Ecology publishes papers that utilize molecular genetic techniques to address consequential questions in ecology, evolution, behaviour and conservation. Studies may employ neutral markers for inference about ecological and evolutionary processes or examine ecologically important genes and their products directly. We discourage papers that are primarily descriptive and are relevant only to the taxon being studied. Papers reporting on molecular marker development, molecular diagnostics, barcoding, or DNA taxonomy, or technical methods should be re-directed to our sister journal, Molecular Ecology Resources. Likewise, papers with a strongly applied focus should be submitted to Evolutionary Applications. Research areas of interest to Molecular Ecology include:
* population structure and phylogeography
* reproductive strategies
* relatedness and kin selection
* sex allocation
* population genetic theory
* analytical methods development
* conservation genetics
* speciation genetics
* microbial biodiversity
* evolutionary dynamics of QTLs
* ecological interactions
* molecular adaptation and environmental genomics
* impact of genetically modified organisms