波弗特海北极熊(Ursus maritimus)的红斑狼疮血清流行率与环斑海豹(Pusa hispida)的人口统计有关。

IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Journal of Wildlife Diseases Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI:10.7589/JWD-D-24-00078
Brooke A Biddlecombe, Nicholas W Pilfold, Evan S Richardson, Susan Kutz, Fabien Mavrot, Angela Schneider, Andrew E Derocher
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引用次数: 0

摘要

北极熊(Ursus maritimus)的生活史与北极生态系统中的海冰分布及其猎物密切相关。随着气候变暖,这些生态系统正在发生变化,导致病原体在北极熊中的流行率增加。Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae 长期以来一直在加拿大北极地区的家养物种和野生动物中传播。由于北极陆生哺乳动物因红斑痢疾杆菌而发病和死亡的报道越来越多,我们检测了1985-1987年、1992年、1994年和2003-2011年采样的波弗特海北极熊的红斑痢疾杆菌血清流行率。我们的样本包括 180 头北极熊(117 头雌性,61 头雄性,2 头未知),中位年龄为 9 岁(1-26 岁不等),血清阳性率为 27.2%(49/180 头)。我们使用二项式逻辑回归法来研究可能与血清阳性率有关的生物和非生物因素。结果表明,对成年环斑海豹(Pusa [Phoca] hispida)捕食的增加和冬季北极涛动指数(AOI)为负值的年份与血清阳性的概率较高有关。环斑海豹可能通过食用受感染的猎物而成为E. rhusiopathiae的储库,因为病原体可在海洋鱼类、软体动物和甲壳类动物体内存活。我们数据集中的冬季负AOI反映了冰量高的年份,这降低了环斑海豹的出生率,导致可作为猎物的海豹幼崽减少。我们的研究结果表明,波弗特海北极熊暴露于 E. rhusiopathiae 的情况受到捕食者-猎物机制的调节。
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Seroprevalence of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in Beaufort Sea Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus) is Linked to Ringed Seal (Pusa hispida) Demographics.

Polar bear (Ursus maritimus) life history is intimately associated with the distribution of sea ice and their prey in Arctic ecosystems. These ecosystems are changing in response to climate warming, resulting in the increased prevalence of pathogens in polar bears. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae has a long history of infection in domestic species and more recently in wildlife in the Canadian Arctic. As a result of increasing reports of E. rhusiopathiae causing morbidity and mortality in Arctic terrestrial mammals, we tested the seroprevalence of E. rhusiopathiae in Beaufort Sea polar bears sampled in 1985-87, 1992, 1994, and 2003-11. Our sample of 180 polar bears (117 females, 61 males, two unknown) with a median age of 9 yr (range 1-26 yr) had a seropositivity of 27.2% (49/180 individuals). We used binomial logistic regressions to investigate biotic and abiotic factors that may be linked to seropositivity. The resulting top model found that increased predation on adult ringed seals (Pusa [Phoca] hispida) and negative winter Arctic Oscillation Index (AOI) years were associated with a higher probability of seropositivity. Ringed seals may be a reservoir for E. rhusiopathiae via their consumption of infected prey, as the pathogen can persist in marine fish, molluscs, and crustaceans. Negative winter AOIs in our data set reflected high ice volume years, which reduced ringed seal natality, resulting in fewer seal pups available as prey. Our results suggest that exposure to E. rhusiopathiae in Beaufort Sea polar bears is modulated by a predator-prey mechanism.

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来源期刊
Journal of Wildlife Diseases
Journal of Wildlife Diseases 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
213
审稿时长
6-16 weeks
期刊介绍: The JWD publishes reports of wildlife disease investigations, research papers, brief research notes, case and epizootic reports, review articles, and book reviews. The JWD publishes the results of original research and observations dealing with all aspects of infectious, parasitic, toxic, nutritional, physiologic, developmental and neoplastic diseases, environmental contamination, and other factors impinging on the health and survival of free-living or occasionally captive populations of wild animals, including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Papers on zoonoses involving wildlife and on chemical immobilization of wild animals are also published. Manuscripts dealing with surveys and case reports may be published in the Journal provided that they contain significant new information or have significance for better understanding health and disease in wild populations. Authors are encouraged to address the wildlife management implications of their studies, where appropriate.
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