NPKGRIDS: a global georeferenced dataset of N, P2O5, and K2O fertilizer application rates for 173 crops.

We introduce NPKGRIDS, a new geospatial dataset, providing for the first time data on application rates for all three main plant nutrients, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P, in terms of phosphorus pentoxide, P₂O₅) and potassium (K, in terms of potassium oxide, K₂O) across 173 crops as of 2020, with a geospatial resolution of 0.05° (approximately 5.6 km at the equator). Development of NPKGRIDS adopted a data fusion approach to integrate crop mask information with eight published datasets of fertilizer application rates, compiled from either georeferenced data or national and subnational statistics. Furthermore, the total applied mass of N, P₂O₅, and K₂O were benchmarked against the country level information from FAO and the International Fertilizers Association (IFA) and validated against data available from National Statistical Offices (NSOs). NPKGRIDS can be used in global modelling, and decision and policy making to help maximize crop yields while reducing environmental impacts.