Continuous compaction control of subgrade bases using intelligent compaction measurement values with dynamic cone penetrometer and light weight deflectometer

To address the challenges associated with continuous compaction control (CCC), this paper investigates a CCC framework that incorporates dynamic cone penetration (DCP) and lightweight deflectometer (LWD). Field tests were conducted on 12 strip-shaped and two rectangular embankments. The compaction meter value (CMV) exhibited a linear correlation with the DCP and LWD test results (DPI and E_LWD). The optimal region of interest (ROI) sizes for the linear regression analysis between CMV and DPI and E_LWD were 2.0 m and 3.0 m, respectively. However, in areas where roller-related factors change or when the drum operating behavior is in the double-jump mode, the CMV exhibited significant low values; CCC measurements alone were not sufficient to evaluate the ground stiffness. A framework that incorporates DCP and LWD along with CCC was proposed, and it is believed that the CCC measurements with DCP and LWD more accurately represent the ground stiffness of the rectangular embankment.