副发光素阳性中间神经元的缺陷与精神疾病有关。

IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Biochemical pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI:10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116599
Fei Zhao , Wei Guan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

精神障碍是造成全球严重长期残疾和社会经济负担的常见原因。尽管在过去几年中,我们对这些疾病的认识有了长足的进步,但对这些疾病的治疗标准却没有什么改变。快速尖峰副发光素阳性中间神经元(PVIs)是γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)能中间神经元的一个亚群,广泛分布于海马中,据报道在各种精神障碍中发挥着重要作用。然而,与抑郁症和精神分裂症(SCZ)相关的分子网络的调控机制尚不清楚。在此,我们讨论了 PVIs 在抑郁症和精神分裂症等精神疾病中的功能。在回顾了多项研究后,我们得出结论:PVIs 的功能障碍可能会导致类似抑郁症的行为以及 SCZ 的认知类别,而这在很大程度上可能是由突触的更大变异性介导的。总之,这篇科学综述旨在讨论当前有关 PVIs 在抑郁症和 SCZ 中的功能的知识。此外,我们还强调了神经发生和突触可塑性在抑郁症和 SCZ 发病机制中的重要性,而这似乎是由 PVIs 活性介导的。这些发现使我们对 PVIs 在精神疾病中的作用有了更好的理解。
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Defects of parvalbumin-positive interneurons are implicated in psychiatric disorders
Psychiatric disorders are a common cause of severe long-term disability and socioeconomic burden worldwide. Although our understanding of these disorders has advanced substantially over the last few years, little has changed the standards of care for these illnesses. Fast-spiking parvalbumin-positive interneurons (PVIs), a subpopulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic interneurons, are widely distributed in the hippocampus and have been reported to play an important role in various mental disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of the molecular networks relevant to depression and schizophrenia (SCZ) are unknown. Here, we discuss the functions of PVIs in psychiatric disorders, including depression and SCZ. After reviewing several studies, we concluded that dysfunction in PVIs could cause depression-like behavior, as well as cognitive categories in SCZ, which might be mediated in large part by greater synaptic variability. In summary, this scientific review aims to discuss the current knowledge regarding the function of PVIs in depression and SCZ. Moreover, we highlight the importance of neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in the pathogenesis of depression and SCZ, which seem to be mediated by PVIs activity. These findings provide a better understanding of the role of PVIs in psychiatric disorders.
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来源期刊
Biochemical pharmacology
Biochemical pharmacology 医学-药学
CiteScore
10.30
自引率
1.70%
发文量
420
审稿时长
17 days
期刊介绍: Biochemical Pharmacology publishes original research findings, Commentaries and review articles related to the elucidation of cellular and tissue function(s) at the biochemical and molecular levels, the modification of cellular phenotype(s) by genetic, transcriptional/translational or drug/compound-induced modifications, as well as the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of xenobiotics and drugs, the latter including both small molecules and biologics. The journal''s target audience includes scientists engaged in the identification and study of the mechanisms of action of xenobiotics, biologics and drugs and in the drug discovery and development process. All areas of cellular biology and cellular, tissue/organ and whole animal pharmacology fall within the scope of the journal. Drug classes covered include anti-infectives, anti-inflammatory agents, chemotherapeutics, cardiovascular, endocrinological, immunological, metabolic, neurological and psychiatric drugs, as well as research on drug metabolism and kinetics. While medicinal chemistry is a topic of complimentary interest, manuscripts in this area must contain sufficient biological data to characterize pharmacologically the compounds reported. Submissions describing work focused predominately on chemical synthesis and molecular modeling will not be considered for review. While particular emphasis is placed on reporting the results of molecular and biochemical studies, research involving the use of tissue and animal models of human pathophysiology and toxicology is of interest to the extent that it helps define drug mechanisms of action, safety and efficacy.
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