Spatial distribution and temporal evolution of wall-stabilized DME/O2 premixed cool flames

The low-temperature oxidation of dimethyl ether (DME) was investigated in premixed wall-stabilized cool flames at two equivalence ratios (ϕ) of 0.2 and 0.5. Using a time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) coupled with gas chromatography (GC), the spatial distributions of major intermediate species, including DME, CH₂O (formaldehyde), CO, CO₂, and CH₃OCHO (methyl formate), were quantified under well-controlled boundary conditions. Moreover, the temporal evolutions of multiple intermediate species in the wall-stabilized cool flame ignition process were measured via TOF-MS, while the wall temperature was gradually ramped up from 550 K to 730 K. Several kinetic models were examined herein to assess the estimated low-temperature reactivity of DME by comparing the one-dimensional axisymmetric simulation results with the experimental data. Wall-stabilized cool flame structures at equivalence ratios ϕ of 0.2 and 0.5 were quantitatively examined with the major intermediate species. It is found that the kinetic models reasonably predict the onset of the reaction zone near the wall. Among these models, Kurimoto et al.’s model gives better predictions for the distributions of CH₂O and CO, which are characteristic species of cool flames. In addition, time-resolved measurements of the unsteady cool flames identified the negative temperature coefficient (NTC) turnover points for different species across various temperature regions. It is also found that the Kurimoto et al. model still indicates a slightly higher reactivity of DME in the low-temperature range, resulting in earlier DME consumption and a shift of NTC window to lower temperatures at ϕ = 0.2.