黄土高原半干旱地区玉米-紫花苜蓿带状间作系统的生物炭添加缓解了水分的不对称竞争并提高了产量优势

IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Field Crops Research Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109645
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的 对水的不平衡竞争是半干旱地区间作系统面临的一大挑战。方法 在这项为期两年的田间试验中,我们研究了生物炭的施用量和施用方法对玉米-苜蓿带状间作中水分平衡利用率和生产力之间关系的影响。结果和结论我们的研究结果表明,间作系统(I)的产量比预期平均高出 11.4%。生物炭的添加大大提高了牧草产量和水的利用效率,单作系统的效益与此类似。而竞争比(CR)值的降低也减少了玉米和苜蓿之间的竞争。在两年中,仅在紫花苜蓿上施用生物炭(IAc)与仅在玉米上施用生物炭(IMc)相比,土地当量比(LER)和水当量比(WER)分别提高了 8.63 % 和 12.73 %。值得注意的是,在玉米和紫花苜蓿间作(Ic)时,生物炭的产量和水分利用效率(WUE)增加最多,与 I 相比,分别增加了 16.1 %-16.6 % 和 6.7 %-10.3 %,经济效益增加了 24.9 %-26.3 %。不同的生物炭施用方法在缓解间作中的水分竞争方面显示出巨大的潜力,单独施用和联合施用都能提高水分利用效率,其中联合施用(Ic)的效果最为明显。我们的研究结果突出了生物炭缓解间作中水分竞争失衡和优化水分利用的能力,为半干旱雨水灌溉农业系统的高效用水提供了一种新方法。
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Biochar addition mitigates asymmetric competition of water and increases yield advantages of maize–alfalfa strip intercropping systems in a semiarid region on the Loess Plateau

Objective

Unbalanced competition for water poses a major challenge to intercropping systems in semiarid regions. The role of biochar as a soil amendment in regulating water balance and crop productivity is unclear.

Methods

In this two-year field trial, we investigated the impact of biochar application and method on the relationship between water balance utilization and productivity in maize–alfalfa strip intercropping. Monocropping [sole maize (SM) and sole alfalfa (SA)] and intercropping (I) systems were established, with biochar added to corresponding treatments (SMc, SAc, and Ic) and solely to intercropping alfalfa and maize (IAc and IMc).

Results and conclusions

Our findings reveal that the yield of the intercropping system (I) was 11.4 % higher than expected on average. Biochar addition significantly increased forage production and water use efficiency, with similar benefits observed in monocropping systems. While competition ratio (CR) values reduce also reducing competition between maize and alfalfa. In two years, applying biochar solely to alfalfa (IAc) resulted in a higher land equivalent ratio (LER) and water equivalent ratio (WER) of 8.63 % and 12.73 %, respectively, compared with applying biochar solely to maize (IMc). Notably, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) increased the most when biochar was applied to intercropped maize and alfalfa (Ic), increasing by 16.1 %–16.6 % and 6.7 %–10.3 % compared with I, resulting in an increase in economic benefits by 24.9 %–26.3 %. Different biochar application methods showed significant potential in mitigating water competition in intercropping, with both sole and joint applications improving WUE, with the latter (Ic) demonstrating the most pronounced effect. However, excessive soil water consumption poses risks of water overuse, emphasizing the need to balance biochar utilization with water resource management.

Significance

Our findings highlight the ability of biochar to alleviate water competition imbalances and optimize water use in intercropping, providing a new approach for efficient water use in semiarid rain-fed agricultural systems.
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来源期刊
Field Crops Research
Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
12.10%
发文量
307
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.
期刊最新文献
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