{"title":"黄土高原半干旱地区玉米-紫花苜蓿带状间作系统的生物炭添加缓解了水分的不对称竞争并提高了产量优势","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109645","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Unbalanced competition for water poses a major challenge to intercropping systems in semiarid regions. The role of biochar as a soil amendment in regulating water balance and crop productivity is unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this two-year field trial, we investigated the impact of biochar application and method on the relationship between water balance utilization and productivity in maize–alfalfa strip intercropping. Monocropping [sole maize (SM) and sole alfalfa (SA)] and intercropping (I) systems were established, with biochar added to corresponding treatments (SMc, SAc, and Ic) and solely to intercropping alfalfa and maize (IAc and IMc).</div></div><div><h3>Results and conclusions</h3><div>Our findings reveal that the yield of the intercropping system (I) was 11.4 % higher than expected on average. Biochar addition significantly increased forage production and water use efficiency, with similar benefits observed in monocropping systems. While competition ratio (CR) values reduce also reducing competition between maize and alfalfa. In two years, applying biochar solely to alfalfa (IAc) resulted in a higher land equivalent ratio (LER) and water equivalent ratio (WER) of 8.63 % and 12.73 %, respectively, compared with applying biochar solely to maize (IMc). Notably, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) increased the most when biochar was applied to intercropped maize and alfalfa (Ic), increasing by 16.1 %–16.6 % and 6.7 %–10.3 % compared with I, resulting in an increase in economic benefits by 24.9 %–26.3 %. Different biochar application methods showed significant potential in mitigating water competition in intercropping, with both sole and joint applications improving WUE, with the latter (Ic) demonstrating the most pronounced effect. However, excessive soil water consumption poses risks of water overuse, emphasizing the need to balance biochar utilization with water resource management.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Our findings highlight the ability of biochar to alleviate water competition imbalances and optimize water use in intercropping, providing a new approach for efficient water use in semiarid rain-fed agricultural systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12143,"journal":{"name":"Field Crops Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Biochar addition mitigates asymmetric competition of water and increases yield advantages of maize–alfalfa strip intercropping systems in a semiarid region on the Loess Plateau\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109645\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Unbalanced competition for water poses a major challenge to intercropping systems in semiarid regions. The role of biochar as a soil amendment in regulating water balance and crop productivity is unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this two-year field trial, we investigated the impact of biochar application and method on the relationship between water balance utilization and productivity in maize–alfalfa strip intercropping. Monocropping [sole maize (SM) and sole alfalfa (SA)] and intercropping (I) systems were established, with biochar added to corresponding treatments (SMc, SAc, and Ic) and solely to intercropping alfalfa and maize (IAc and IMc).</div></div><div><h3>Results and conclusions</h3><div>Our findings reveal that the yield of the intercropping system (I) was 11.4 % higher than expected on average. Biochar addition significantly increased forage production and water use efficiency, with similar benefits observed in monocropping systems. While competition ratio (CR) values reduce also reducing competition between maize and alfalfa. In two years, applying biochar solely to alfalfa (IAc) resulted in a higher land equivalent ratio (LER) and water equivalent ratio (WER) of 8.63 % and 12.73 %, respectively, compared with applying biochar solely to maize (IMc). Notably, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) increased the most when biochar was applied to intercropped maize and alfalfa (Ic), increasing by 16.1 %–16.6 % and 6.7 %–10.3 % compared with I, resulting in an increase in economic benefits by 24.9 %–26.3 %. Different biochar application methods showed significant potential in mitigating water competition in intercropping, with both sole and joint applications improving WUE, with the latter (Ic) demonstrating the most pronounced effect. However, excessive soil water consumption poses risks of water overuse, emphasizing the need to balance biochar utilization with water resource management.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Our findings highlight the ability of biochar to alleviate water competition imbalances and optimize water use in intercropping, providing a new approach for efficient water use in semiarid rain-fed agricultural systems.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12143,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Field Crops Research\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-31\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Field Crops Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429024003988\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"AGRONOMY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Field Crops Research","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429024003988","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Biochar addition mitigates asymmetric competition of water and increases yield advantages of maize–alfalfa strip intercropping systems in a semiarid region on the Loess Plateau
Objective
Unbalanced competition for water poses a major challenge to intercropping systems in semiarid regions. The role of biochar as a soil amendment in regulating water balance and crop productivity is unclear.
Methods
In this two-year field trial, we investigated the impact of biochar application and method on the relationship between water balance utilization and productivity in maize–alfalfa strip intercropping. Monocropping [sole maize (SM) and sole alfalfa (SA)] and intercropping (I) systems were established, with biochar added to corresponding treatments (SMc, SAc, and Ic) and solely to intercropping alfalfa and maize (IAc and IMc).
Results and conclusions
Our findings reveal that the yield of the intercropping system (I) was 11.4 % higher than expected on average. Biochar addition significantly increased forage production and water use efficiency, with similar benefits observed in monocropping systems. While competition ratio (CR) values reduce also reducing competition between maize and alfalfa. In two years, applying biochar solely to alfalfa (IAc) resulted in a higher land equivalent ratio (LER) and water equivalent ratio (WER) of 8.63 % and 12.73 %, respectively, compared with applying biochar solely to maize (IMc). Notably, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) increased the most when biochar was applied to intercropped maize and alfalfa (Ic), increasing by 16.1 %–16.6 % and 6.7 %–10.3 % compared with I, resulting in an increase in economic benefits by 24.9 %–26.3 %. Different biochar application methods showed significant potential in mitigating water competition in intercropping, with both sole and joint applications improving WUE, with the latter (Ic) demonstrating the most pronounced effect. However, excessive soil water consumption poses risks of water overuse, emphasizing the need to balance biochar utilization with water resource management.
Significance
Our findings highlight the ability of biochar to alleviate water competition imbalances and optimize water use in intercropping, providing a new approach for efficient water use in semiarid rain-fed agricultural systems.
期刊介绍:
Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on:
√ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels
on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems,
with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.