抑郁症状与暴力行为:在暴力行为风险较高的社区成年人中研究奖赏敏感性和情绪反应性的调节作用

IF 3.5 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2024.112933
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人们越来越希望了解抑郁症是否以及在何种情况下会带来暴力犯罪风险。为了解决这些问题,我们研究了重度抑郁障碍(MDD)症状与暴力行为的相关性是否超出了共存的外化心理病理学,以及奖赏和情绪反应性方面的个体差异是否改变了抑郁与暴力行为之间的关联。在一个由 480 名社区成年人(中/小年龄 = 32.2/10.5,53.5% 为女性)组成的样本中,除基本人口统计学变量外,终生 MDD 症状与终生暴力行为(如攻击、肢体冲突)呈正相关。然而,在考虑到同时出现的酒精和药物使用障碍症状后,这种关系就变得不显著了。抑郁与暴力之间的关系还受到奖赏敏感性个体差异的调节,但不受情绪反应性的调节。后续分析表明,在特质奖赏敏感性较低的个体中,尤其是在消耗性奖赏敏感性较低的个体中,抑郁症状与暴力犯罪呈正相关,但在奖赏敏感性较高的个体中,抑郁症状与暴力犯罪不呈正相关。总之,这些研究结果表明了在暴力风险模型中考虑抑郁症状和特质奖赏敏感性的重要性,这些新见解可以为预防和干预工作提供参考。
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Depressive symptoms and violence perpetration: Examining the moderating influence of reward sensitivity and emotional reactivity in community adults at elevated risk for violent behavior
There is growing interest in understanding whether, and under what circumstances, depression confers risk for violence perpetration. To address these questions, we examined whether major depressive disorder (MDD) symptoms correlated with violence perpetration beyond co-occurring externalizing psychopathology, and whether individual differences in reward and emotional reactivity modified depression-violence associations. In a sample of 480 community adults (M/SDage = 32.2/10.5, 53.5 % female), lifetime MDD symptoms correlated positively with lifetime violence perpetration (e.g., assault, physical fighting) above and beyond basic demographic variables. However, this relationship became non-significant after accounting for co-occurring alcohol and substance use disorders symptoms. The link between depression and violence was also modulated by individual differences in reward sensitivity, but not emotional reactivity. Follow-up analyses indicated that MDD symptoms correlated positively with violence perpetration among individuals with blunted trait reward sensitivity, particularly those low on consummatory reward, but not individuals high on reward sensitivity. Together, these findings demonstrate the importance of considering depression symptoms and trait reward sensitivity in models of violence risk, novel insights that can inform prevention and intervention efforts.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
4.70%
发文量
577
审稿时长
41 days
期刊介绍: Personality and Individual Differences is devoted to the publication of articles (experimental, theoretical, review) which aim to integrate as far as possible the major factors of personality with empirical paradigms from experimental, physiological, animal, clinical, educational, criminological or industrial psychology or to seek an explanation for the causes and major determinants of individual differences in concepts derived from these disciplines. The editors are concerned with both genetic and environmental causes, and they are particularly interested in possible interaction effects.
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