Syntheses of stable and hydrophilic large-size halogenated graphene oxide-like materials for studying effects of halogenation on their electrochemical and optical properties

Graphene derivatives has popularly applied in electron, laser, etc. Pulse laser devices need excellent graphene oxide derivatives, which should be easily made into stable films in air for fabricating high-performance laser devices. In this paper, stable and hydrophilic halogenated graphene oxide-like with hydroxyl groups (GOLH) materials were synthesized to study their electrochemical properties and application in solid pulse laser devices. Experimental results showed that the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level (E_HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level (E_LUMO) values of three halogenated materials were 0.09–0.27 eV and 0.08–0.12 eV lower than those of GOLH, respectively. The mothed of Cl atoms replacing hydroxyl groups on the surfaces of GOLH can be applied in tuning the energy band gap (E_g) of graphene oxide derivatives. Halo elements partly substituting the hydroxyl groups on the surface of GOLH elongated insignificantly pulse duration of the signals of solid pulse lasers. Therefore, halo elements partly substituting the hydroxyl groups on the surface of GO derivatives would be a useful method of improving electrochemical stabilities of GO derivatives, tuning E_HOMO, E_LUMO and E_g of GO derivatives and preparing good optical materials for fabricating solid pulse lasers with stable signal intensity and narrow pulse duration.