Pub Date : 2024-11-17DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111779
Andhy Setiawan , Sulissetiawati , Emi Kurnia Sari , Larrisa Jestha Mahardhika , Zurnansyah , Putri Dwi Jayanti , Nugraheni Puspita Rini , Nurul Imani Istiqomah , Hasniah Aliah , Nining Sumawati Asri , Julia Angel , Edi Suharyadi
The reduction of heavy metal ions in water is essential due to the water demand and human health. The exploration of photocatalytic for heavy metal ions reduction paves a new way. Additionally, the green route synthesis of nanoparticles has gained attention due to environmentally friendly, low-cost, and non-toxic methods. This study investigated the synthesis of Fe3O4/rGO nanocomposites utilizing leaves extract and to determine the effect of rGO concentration in Fe3O4/rGO nanocomposites on the degradation of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) to be an environmentally friendly trivalent chromium (Cr(III)). Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared by simple co-precipitation method using Moringa oleifera leaves extract as a natural reducing and captivating agent, while rGO was reduced from GO using Amaranthus viridis leaves extract. Fe3O4/rGO nanocomposites exhibit a cubic inverse spinel structure with a crystallite size of approximately 7.4 nm. Fe3O4/rGO nanocomposite have imperfect spherical morphology with a particle size of 10.7 nm. The presence of FeO and CC functional groups confirm the presence of Fe3O4 and rGO in the nanocomposite which also support by the element composition data. The nanocomposites have superparamagnetic behavior with high saturation magnetization that show strong magnetic response. Under UV irradiation, the photocatalytic process of Cr(VI) achieved a degradation efficiency of 87.5 % for 120 min. The magnetically separable capability allows for easy separation and recycle of the nanocomposites, which was successfully reused three times with high degradation efficiency. The Fe3O4/rGO nanocomposites demonstrates potential as a low-cost and green reusable photocatalyst for environmental remediation.
{"title":"Magnetically separable and reusable Fe3O4/rGO photocatalyst synthesized through green approach for heavy metal ion reduction application","authors":"Andhy Setiawan , Sulissetiawati , Emi Kurnia Sari , Larrisa Jestha Mahardhika , Zurnansyah , Putri Dwi Jayanti , Nugraheni Puspita Rini , Nurul Imani Istiqomah , Hasniah Aliah , Nining Sumawati Asri , Julia Angel , Edi Suharyadi","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reduction of heavy metal ions in water is essential due to the water demand and human health. The exploration of photocatalytic for heavy metal ions reduction paves a new way. Additionally, the green route synthesis of nanoparticles has gained attention due to environmentally friendly, low-cost, and non-toxic methods. This study investigated the synthesis of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/rGO nanocomposites utilizing leaves extract and to determine the effect of rGO concentration in Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/rGO nanocomposites on the degradation of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) to be an environmentally friendly trivalent chromium (Cr(III)). Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles were prepared by simple co-precipitation method using <em>Moringa oleifera</em> leaves extract as a natural reducing and captivating agent, while rGO was reduced from GO using <em>Amaranthus viridis</em> leaves extract. Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/rGO nanocomposites exhibit a cubic inverse spinel structure with a crystallite size of approximately 7.4 nm. Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/rGO nanocomposite have imperfect spherical morphology with a particle size of 10.7 nm. The presence of Fe<img>O and C<img>C functional groups confirm the presence of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and rGO in the nanocomposite which also support by the element composition data. The nanocomposites have superparamagnetic behavior with high saturation magnetization that show strong magnetic response. Under UV irradiation, the photocatalytic process of Cr(VI) achieved a degradation efficiency of 87.5 % for 120 min. The magnetically separable capability allows for easy separation and recycle of the nanocomposites, which was successfully reused three times with high degradation efficiency. The Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/rGO nanocomposites demonstrates potential as a low-cost and green reusable photocatalyst for environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 111779"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111791
Luqiang Li , Hongqu Jiang , Yuan Luo , Haijun Wu , Qi Zhao , Xingxia Yang , Caiju Li , Jianhong Yi , Yichun Liu
Epoxy resin (EP) plays an important role in the field of friction, but its poor thermal conductivity limits its mature development in industry. To solve this problem, open cell copper foam (Cuf) and carboxylated carbon nanotubes (C-CNTs) were incorporated into the epoxy group as co-intensifiers to improve its thermal conductivity and frictional properties. The results demonstrate that increasing the pore density of Cuf/EP composite copper foam leads to a 33.6 % reduction in wear rate and 23.2 times increase in thermal conductivity when reaching 130 Pores Per Inch (PPI). Furthermore, increasing the content of C-CNTs in Cuf®(C-CNTs/EP) composites resulted in decreased friction coefficient and wear rate; at 0.75 wt% C-CNTs content, the friction coefficient decreased by 9.5 % and the wear rate decreased by 40.6 % compared to that of the (130PPICuf)/EP composites while also achieving a 54.8 % increase in thermal conductivity.
{"title":"A study of the friction and thermal properties of epoxy composites synergistically reinforced by open-celled Cu foams and carboxylated CNTs","authors":"Luqiang Li , Hongqu Jiang , Yuan Luo , Haijun Wu , Qi Zhao , Xingxia Yang , Caiju Li , Jianhong Yi , Yichun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epoxy resin (EP) plays an important role in the field of friction, but its poor thermal conductivity limits its mature development in industry. To solve this problem, open cell copper foam (Cu<sub>f</sub>) and carboxylated carbon nanotubes (C-CNTs) were incorporated into the epoxy group as co-intensifiers to improve its thermal conductivity and frictional properties. The results demonstrate that increasing the pore density of Cu<sub>f</sub>/EP composite copper foam leads to a 33.6 % reduction in wear rate and 23.2 times increase in thermal conductivity when reaching 130 Pores Per Inch (PPI). Furthermore, increasing the content of C-CNTs in Cu<sub>f</sub>®(C-CNTs/EP) composites resulted in decreased friction coefficient and wear rate; at 0.75 wt% C-CNTs content, the friction coefficient decreased by 9.5 % and the wear rate decreased by 40.6 % compared to that of the (130PPICu<sub>f</sub>)/EP composites while also achieving a 54.8 % increase in thermal conductivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 111791"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111752
Muhammad Danish Khan , Masood ul Hassan Farooq , Iqra Fareed , Muhammad Farooq Khan , Zia Ur Rehman , Umaira Ayoub , Anwaar Ahmed , Faheem K. Butt
ZnO and g-C₃N₄ are known for their potential in photocatalytic degradation and electrochemical applications, but their limited band gaps and electrical conductivity hinders performance. Doping is a strategy to modify these properties. This study reports the synthesis of nitrogen-doped ZnO (N-ZnO) and oxygen-doped g-C₃N₄ (OCN) nanocomposites using an in-situ hydrothermal process. Structural and compositional analysis confirmed successful synthesis, while FESEM and HRTEM revealed N-ZnO nanorods decorating OCN sheets. Optical analysis indicated a band gap of 2.54 eV, making the material active under visible light. The nanocomposites demonstrated 90 % photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) within 20 min, with a high rate constant (k = 0.1269 min−1), facilitated by a Z-scheme heterojunction. The catalyst remained stable even after 5 cycles. Moreover, electrochemical biosensing of ascorbic acid (AA) showed a regression value of 0.9965 with high anodic current response and small limit of detection (LOD) value, underscoring the potential of nanocomposite material for commercial applications in both photocatalysis and diagnostics.
{"title":"Novel N-doped ZnO and O-doped g-C₃N₄ heterojunction: Enhanced photocatalytic degradation and robust electrochemical biosensing of ascorbic acid","authors":"Muhammad Danish Khan , Masood ul Hassan Farooq , Iqra Fareed , Muhammad Farooq Khan , Zia Ur Rehman , Umaira Ayoub , Anwaar Ahmed , Faheem K. Butt","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>ZnO and g-C₃N₄ are known for their potential in photocatalytic degradation and electrochemical applications, but their limited band gaps and electrical conductivity hinders performance. Doping is a strategy to modify these properties. This study reports the synthesis of nitrogen-doped ZnO (N-ZnO) and oxygen-doped g-C₃N₄ (OCN) nanocomposites using an in-situ hydrothermal process. Structural and compositional analysis confirmed successful synthesis, while FESEM and HRTEM revealed N-ZnO nanorods decorating OCN sheets. Optical analysis indicated a band gap of 2.54 eV, making the material active under visible light. The nanocomposites demonstrated 90 % photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) within 20 min, with a high rate constant (k = 0.1269 min<sup>−1</sup>), facilitated by a <em>Z</em>-scheme heterojunction. The catalyst remained stable even after 5 cycles. Moreover, electrochemical biosensing of ascorbic acid (AA) showed a regression value of 0.9965 with high anodic current response and small limit of detection (LOD) value, underscoring the potential of nanocomposite material for commercial applications in both photocatalysis and diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 111752"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111774
Muhammad Rizwan Tariq , Idrees Khan , Mudasir Ahmad , Baoliang Zhang
A new class of wave absorbing materials HPCFst@PDA and HPCFst@NCLs (where HPCFs describes helical/chiral porous carbon fiber, t refers to carbonization 700, 800 °C, PDA ascribed to poly (dopamine), and NCLs corresponds to nitrogen doped carbon layers) with helical/chiral, hierarchical, multi-layered structural morphology containing different heterostructures was triumphantly constructed through single-step carbonization of HPCFst. The HPCFst biomass fiber was go through self-polymerization of dopamine and we get HPCFs700@PDA, HPCFs800@PDA as an intermediate product. Finally, the PDA doped HPCFs biomass (HPCFs700@PDA, HPCFs800@PDA) was effectively transformed into NCLs from inside toward outside (HPCFs700@NCLs, HPCFs800@NCLs) through carbonization. Notably, HPCFs exhibit helical/chiral, hierarchical porous morphology with hetero-interfaces (such as dipole interfaces) that improve dielectric loss, while PDA and NCLs ameliorate wave absorber conductivity, through generation of polarization centers, heterointerfaces and resulting in considerable dielectric loss. Moreover, HPCFs with such unique structural morphology provide additional loss mechanism through cross-polarization that improve dissipation/attenuation of microwave. The microwave absorption mechanism of HPCFst@PDA(1–3), HPCFst@NCLs(1–3) (where 1, 2, 3 refer to filler content 27.50, 30.00, 32.50%wt PDA derived absorber and 20.00, 22.50, 25.00%wt NCLs filler) and their structure active relationship are further elucidated. Evidently, HPCFs700@PDA2 gained reflection loss (RL) of −51.60 dB at 13.60 GHz, across the broad spectrum of frequencies (EAB, RL ≤ −10 dB) covers 6.70 GHz (11.30–18.00 GHz) at 2.70 mm thickness. The EAB ameliorate to the value of 7.20 GHz (10.70–18.00 GHz) at thickness of 2.80 mm. While HPCFs700@NCLs2 RL was improved to −63.00 dB at 2.40 mm thickness with EAB 5.10 GHz (11.40–16.50) at 13.30 GHz frequency. Likewise, HPCFs800@PDA2 RL elevates to the value of −53.40 dB with adequate EAB covering 12.80–18.00 GHz (5.20 GHz) at higher values of 14.40 GHz and 2.10 mm thickness. For HPCFs800@NCLs2, the RL is as high as −65.40 dB at 9.90 GHz, with an effective thickness of 3.20 mm covering 7.50–11.20 GHz (3.20 GHz) EAB. At matching thickness of 2.00 mm the EAB covers 13.80–18.00 (4.20 GHz). Their top-notch microwave absorption capabilities with widened EAB at lower matching thickness demonstrate potentially promising prospects of HPCFst@PDA and HPCFst@NCLs as wave absorbing materials.
{"title":"Fabrication of polydopamine doped helical/chiral porous carbon fiber (HPCFs@PDA) and N-doped carbon layers (HPCFs@NCLs) for their application as wave absorber with ultrawide EAB","authors":"Muhammad Rizwan Tariq , Idrees Khan , Mudasir Ahmad , Baoliang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new class of wave absorbing materials HPCFs<sub>t</sub>@PDA and HPCFs<sub>t</sub>@NCLs (where HPCFs describes helical/chiral porous carbon fiber, t refers to carbonization 700, 800 °C, PDA ascribed to poly (dopamine), and NCLs corresponds to nitrogen doped carbon layers) with helical/chiral, hierarchical, multi-layered structural morphology containing different heterostructures was triumphantly constructed through single-step carbonization of HPCFs<sub>t</sub>. The HPCFs<sub>t</sub> biomass fiber was go through self-polymerization of dopamine and we get HPCFs<sub>700</sub>@PDA, HPCFs<sub>800</sub>@PDA as an intermediate product. Finally, the PDA doped HPCFs biomass (HPCFs<sub>700</sub>@PDA, HPCFs<sub>800</sub>@PDA) was effectively transformed into NCLs from inside toward outside (HPCFs<sub>700</sub>@NCLs, HPCFs<sub>800</sub>@NCLs) through carbonization. Notably, HPCFs exhibit helical/chiral, hierarchical porous morphology with hetero-interfaces (such as dipole interfaces) that improve dielectric loss, while PDA and NCLs ameliorate wave absorber conductivity, through generation of polarization centers, heterointerfaces and resulting in considerable dielectric loss. Moreover, HPCFs with such unique structural morphology provide additional loss mechanism through cross-polarization that improve dissipation/attenuation of microwave. The microwave absorption mechanism of HPCFs<sub>t</sub>@PDA<sub>(1–3)</sub>, HPCFs<sub>t</sub>@NCLs<sub>(1–3)</sub> (where 1, 2, 3 refer to filler content 27.50, 30.00, 32.50%wt PDA derived absorber and 20.00, 22.50, 25.00%wt NCLs filler) and their structure active relationship are further elucidated. Evidently, HPCFs<sub>700</sub>@PDA<sub>2</sub> gained reflection loss (RL) of −51.60 dB at 13.60 GHz, across the broad spectrum of frequencies (EAB, RL ≤ −10 dB) covers 6.70 GHz (11.30–18.00 GHz) at 2.70 mm thickness. The EAB ameliorate to the value of 7.20 GHz (10.70–18.00 GHz) at thickness of 2.80 mm. While HPCFs<sub>700</sub>@NCLs<sub>2</sub> RL was improved to −63.00 dB at 2.40 mm thickness with EAB 5.10 GHz (11.40–16.50) at 13.30 GHz frequency. Likewise, HPCFs<sub>800</sub>@PDA<sub>2</sub> RL elevates to the value of −53.40 dB with adequate EAB covering 12.80–18.00 GHz (5.20 GHz) at higher values of 14.40 GHz and 2.10 mm thickness. For HPCFs<sub>800</sub>@NCLs<sub>2</sub>, the RL is as high as −65.40 dB at 9.90 GHz, with an effective thickness of 3.20 mm covering 7.50–11.20 GHz (3.20 GHz) EAB. At matching thickness of 2.00 mm the EAB covers 13.80–18.00 (4.20 GHz). Their top-notch microwave absorption capabilities with widened EAB at lower matching thickness demonstrate potentially promising prospects of HPCFs<sub>t</sub>@PDA and HPCFs<sub>t</sub>@NCLs as wave absorbing materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 111774"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111773
Yue Zhang , Peng Song , Hong Yang , Mengnan Wang , Ning Gu , Shuping Ba , Linzhi Zhai , Zhenyuan Ji , Qi Liu
N-doped porous carbon nanofibers have shown a wide application prospect for Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSs), but so far, the affordable synthesis remains a daunting challenge. Using the exfoliated silk nanofibrils (SNFs) as carbon and nitrogen sources, NaCl/KCl as carbonization medium and KOH as active agent, herein, a new variety of N-doped porous carbon nanofibers, SPCN-x, is prepared, involved a sequential ‘SNFs exfoliation’ and ‘mixture pyrolysis’. Results confirm that, with the activation of KOH, porosity structure and specific surface area of the nano-fibriform products are clearly enriched, thus forming a hierarchically porous structure. Typically, SPCN-10 shows a N doping content of 5.6 wt%, pore volume of 0.33 cm3 g−1 and specific surface area of 645 m2 g−1, and presents a great energy storage property as cathode for ZHSs, such as energy density of 70.4 Wh kg−1 and specific capacitance of 197.9 F g−1. Besides, it has excellent durability with a capacitance retention rate of 90.2 % after 10,000 cycles. The electrochemical behavior of SPCN-10 is better than numerous reported ZHS cathodes, which not only highlights our ingenious synthesis, but also ensures a huge potential in large-scale practical application.
{"title":"N-doped porous carbon nanofibers with high specific capacitance and energy density for Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors","authors":"Yue Zhang , Peng Song , Hong Yang , Mengnan Wang , Ning Gu , Shuping Ba , Linzhi Zhai , Zhenyuan Ji , Qi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>N-doped porous carbon nanofibers have shown a wide application prospect for Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSs), but so far, the affordable synthesis remains a daunting challenge. Using the exfoliated silk nanofibrils (SNFs) as carbon and nitrogen sources, NaCl/KCl as carbonization medium and KOH as active agent, herein, a new variety of N-doped porous carbon nanofibers, SPCN-<em>x</em>, is prepared, involved a sequential ‘SNFs exfoliation’ and ‘mixture pyrolysis’. Results confirm that, with the activation of KOH, porosity structure and specific surface area of the nano-fibriform products are clearly enriched, thus forming a hierarchically porous structure. Typically, SPCN-10 shows a N doping content of 5.6 wt%, pore volume of 0.33 cm<sup>3</sup> g<sup>−1</sup> and specific surface area of 645 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>, and presents a great energy storage property as cathode for ZHSs, such as energy density of 70.4 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> and specific capacitance of 197.9 F g<sup>−1</sup>. Besides, it has excellent durability with a capacitance retention rate of 90.2 % after 10,000 cycles. The electrochemical behavior of SPCN-10 is better than numerous reported ZHS cathodes, which not only highlights our ingenious synthesis, but also ensures a huge potential in large-scale practical application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 111773"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111772
Shiyuan Zhu , Peng Liu , Qiongyu Zhou , Qianjun Deng , Yuanyuan Li , Jiacheng Wang , Zuo He , Changchun Tian , Xiaofen Wang
Zn coating is a typical anti-corrosion coating for carbon steel. Considering the sacrificial nature of Zn coating, it is essential to enhance the corrosion resistance for the long-term performance in the practical application. In this work, two-dimensional carbon nanoplatelets (2D-CNs) with nanometer thickness (∼100 nm) and ultra-large lateral size (10–40 μm) and Mn element have been successfully co-deposited with Zn onto low carbon steel by a simple electrodeposition method. Results show that the Zn-Mn/2D-CNs composite coating is composed of Zn phase, ZnMn3 phase and a small number of 2D-CNs. The Zn-Mn/2D-CNs composite coating exhibits a modified surface quality with ultrafine grains and smaller roughness (Ra = 176 nm, Rq = 131 nm) when compared with that of Zn coatings (Ra = 798 nm, Rq = 684 nm). Besides, the inert 2D-CNs within the composite coating can act as the corrosion barriers. Therefore, the Zn-Mn/2D-CNs composite coating has excellent anti-corrosion performance, owning the lowest corrosion current densities icorr (9.2 μA cm−2) and maximum coating resistance Rcoat (1.2 kΩ·cm−2) and charge transfer resistance Rct (3.5 kΩ·cm−2), associated with its modified microstructure, Mn element with passivation property, and 2D-CNs barriers. These results demonstrate the desirable potentiality of inert 2D carbon materials in the electrodeposition of Zn-based coating for improving the corrosion resistance.
{"title":"Zn-Mn composite coating codeposited with two-dimensional carbon nanoplatelets for improving corrosion resistance","authors":"Shiyuan Zhu , Peng Liu , Qiongyu Zhou , Qianjun Deng , Yuanyuan Li , Jiacheng Wang , Zuo He , Changchun Tian , Xiaofen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zn coating is a typical anti-corrosion coating for carbon steel. Considering the sacrificial nature of Zn coating, it is essential to enhance the corrosion resistance for the long-term performance in the practical application. In this work, two-dimensional carbon nanoplatelets (2D-CNs) with nanometer thickness (∼100 nm) and ultra-large lateral size (10–40 μm) and Mn element have been successfully co-deposited with Zn onto low carbon steel by a simple electrodeposition method. Results show that the Zn-Mn/2D-CNs composite coating is composed of Zn phase, ZnMn<sub>3</sub> phase and a small number of 2D-CNs. The Zn-Mn/2D-CNs composite coating exhibits a modified surface quality with ultrafine grains and smaller roughness (Ra = 176 nm, Rq = 131 nm) when compared with that of Zn coatings (Ra = 798 nm, Rq = 684 nm). Besides, the inert 2D-CNs within the composite coating can act as the corrosion barriers. Therefore, the Zn-Mn/2D-CNs composite coating has excellent anti-corrosion performance, owning the lowest corrosion current densities <em>i</em><sub>corr</sub> (9.2 μA cm<sup>−2</sup>) and maximum coating resistance <em>R</em><sub>coat</sub> (1.2 kΩ·cm<sup>−2</sup>) and charge transfer resistance <em>R</em><sub>ct</sub> (3.5 kΩ·cm<sup>−2</sup>), associated with its modified microstructure, Mn element with passivation property, and 2D-CNs barriers. These results demonstrate the desirable potentiality of inert 2D carbon materials in the electrodeposition of Zn-based coating for improving the corrosion resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 111772"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111781
Mei-Xia Zhao , Bo Meng , Juan-Juan Zheng , Ning Yang , Fang-Jing Liu
Lignite-derived residue with cross-linked aromatic structure and heteroatom groups is an alternative and low-cost precursor for porous carbon. Herein, N-doped hierarchically porous carbon (NDHPC) was prepared by KOH activation from lignite-derived residue using ZnO as the template and dicyandiamide as the nitrogen source. The optimal NDHPC presents hierarchically porous stacked layered structure with high specific surface area (2648.18 m2/g) and contains abundant O/N functional groups, making it promising candidate as the electrode material. Introducing nitrogen can provide more pseudocapacitors and meanwhile improve the wettability of the NDHPC, thus enhancing electrochemical performance. The optimal NDHPC exhibits a high specific capacitance of 336 F g−1 at the current density of 0.5 A g−1 with good rate performance. Additionally, the assembled NDHPC symmetrical supercapacitor presents outstanding cycle stability with 96.2 % capacitance retention and possesses energy density of 7.85 Wh kg−1 at power density of 250 W kg−1. This study offers an effective and low-cost approach to fully utilize the organic matter in coal-derived residue for preparing supercapacitor electrode materials.
{"title":"N-doped hierarchically porous carbon from lignite-derived residue for high-performance supercapacitor","authors":"Mei-Xia Zhao , Bo Meng , Juan-Juan Zheng , Ning Yang , Fang-Jing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lignite-derived residue with cross-linked aromatic structure and heteroatom groups is an alternative and low-cost precursor for porous carbon. Herein, N-doped hierarchically porous carbon (NDHPC) was prepared by KOH activation from lignite-derived residue using ZnO as the template and dicyandiamide as the nitrogen source. The optimal NDHPC presents hierarchically porous stacked layered structure with high specific surface area (2648.18 m<sup>2</sup>/g) and contains abundant O/N functional groups, making it promising candidate as the electrode material. Introducing nitrogen can provide more pseudocapacitors and meanwhile improve the wettability of the NDHPC, thus enhancing electrochemical performance. The optimal NDHPC exhibits a high specific capacitance of 336 F g<sup>−1</sup> at the current density of 0.5 A g<sup>−1</sup> with good rate performance. Additionally, the assembled NDHPC symmetrical supercapacitor presents outstanding cycle stability with 96.2 % capacitance retention and possesses energy density of 7.85 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at power density of 250 W kg<sup>−1</sup>. This study offers an effective and low-cost approach to fully utilize the organic matter in coal-derived residue for preparing supercapacitor electrode materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 111781"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Herein, green synthesized N-doped carbon dots (N-C-dots) and in-situ produced binary composites of sulphur-doped graphitic carbon nitride (S-g-C3N4) and ZnO have been hydrothermally treated to develop their ternary composite, i.e., N-C-dots/S-g-C3N4/ZnO (N-C-dots/SgCN/ZnO) to investigate the impact of N-C-dots decoration over SgCN/ZnO for photocatalytic decomposition of rhodamine B (RhB) dye. The obtained N-C-dots are almost spherical and exhibited remarkable crystalline properties, with particles diameters ranging from 6.21 to 12.56 nm. The obtained ternary composite N-C-dots/SgCN/ZnO showed noticeably higher photocatalytic effectiveness than its constituents' components. Additionally, N-C-dots/SgCN/ZnO demonstrated outstanding photocatalytic decomposition (93.49 %) of RhB dye under optimized conditions in only 35 min. Various dye degradation parameters like photocatalyst dose, dye concentration, pH of dye solution have been optimized for RhB degradation along with impacts of different scavengers. The results of capturing experiments revealed that h+, •O2− and •OH radicals are main components for photocatalytic breakdown of dye with O2• − rendering the major degradation, whereas •OH and h+ have minor involvement. N-C-dots/SgCN/ZnO demonstrated outstanding reusability up to five cycles by degrading 85.54 % RhB dye in 5th cycle in just 35 min. Additionally, only slight variations are observed in XRD pattern of freshly produced and recycled sample, indicating exceptional ternary composite stability.
{"title":"Investigation on the impact of green synthesized N-C-dots decoration over photocatalytic efficiency of S-g-C3N4/ZnO","authors":"Permender Singh , Neeru Rani , Vasundhara Madaan , Sandeep Kumar , Vinita Bhankar , Parmod Kumar , Krishan Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111780","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111780","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, green synthesized N-doped carbon dots (N-C-dots) and in-situ produced binary composites of sulphur-doped graphitic carbon nitride (S-g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) and ZnO have been hydrothermally treated to develop their ternary composite, i.e., N-C-dots/S-g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/ZnO (N-C-dots/SgCN/ZnO) to investigate the impact of N-C-dots decoration over SgCN/ZnO for photocatalytic decomposition of rhodamine B (RhB) dye. The obtained N-C-dots are almost spherical and exhibited remarkable crystalline properties, with particles diameters ranging from 6.21 to 12.56 nm. The obtained ternary composite N-C-dots/SgCN/ZnO showed noticeably higher photocatalytic effectiveness than its constituents' components. Additionally, N-C-dots/SgCN/ZnO demonstrated outstanding photocatalytic decomposition (93.49 %) of RhB dye under optimized conditions in only 35 min. Various dye degradation parameters like photocatalyst dose, dye concentration, pH of dye solution have been optimized for RhB degradation along with impacts of different scavengers. The results of capturing experiments revealed that h<sup>+</sup>, <sup>•</sup>O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> and <sup>•</sup>OH radicals are main components for photocatalytic breakdown of dye with O<sub>2</sub><sup>• −</sup> rendering the major degradation, whereas <sup>•</sup>OH and h<sup>+</sup> have minor involvement. N-C-dots/SgCN/ZnO demonstrated outstanding reusability up to five cycles by degrading 85.54 % RhB dye in 5th cycle in just 35 min. Additionally, only slight variations are observed in XRD pattern of freshly produced and recycled sample, indicating exceptional ternary composite stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 111780"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-12DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111778
Jenisha Daisy Priscillal , Sea-Fue Wang , Satoshi Kameoka
In the modern world, heteroatom-doped carbon allotropes play a pivotal role in both fundamental and applied nanotechnology advancements. Due to their exceptional electrical, thermal, chemical, and mechanical properties, which are strongly influenced by the synthesis method, they are highly suitable for a wide range of applications. Catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) is the leading synthesis technique for producing nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (NCNFs) with controlled morphology and structural properties. This report emphasizes the significant influence of reaction temperature on synthesizing CNFs using a LaNi5Pt1.0 intermetallic catalyst. The LaNi5Pt1.0 catalysts prepared through an arc melting process, acted as templates for the catalytic conversion of carbon precursors into solid material via the CCVD method. Additionally, this study provides valuable insights into the temperature-dependent phase transitions and carbon diffusion during the synthesis of NCNFs. The surface segregation mechanism driving phase changes in the catalyst plays a crucial role in the active formation of NCNFs. The segregation of metallic nickel into the CNF structure significantly impacts N-CNF formation, highlighting the intricate dynamics involved in CNF synthesis. Overall, these findings offer a deeper understanding of the synthesis process and the structural evolution of N-CNFs across different growth temperatures.
{"title":"Temperature-driven structural and morphological changes in nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers synthesized via LaNi5Pt1.0 intermetallic catalyst","authors":"Jenisha Daisy Priscillal , Sea-Fue Wang , Satoshi Kameoka","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the modern world, heteroatom-doped carbon allotropes play a pivotal role in both fundamental and applied nanotechnology advancements. Due to their exceptional electrical, thermal, chemical, and mechanical properties, which are strongly influenced by the synthesis method, they are highly suitable for a wide range of applications. Catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) is the leading synthesis technique for producing nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (NCNFs) with controlled morphology and structural properties. This report emphasizes the significant influence of reaction temperature on synthesizing CNFs using a LaNi<sub>5</sub>Pt<sub>1.0</sub> intermetallic catalyst. The LaNi<sub>5</sub>Pt<sub>1.0</sub> catalysts prepared through an arc melting process, acted as templates for the catalytic conversion of carbon precursors into solid material via the CCVD method. Additionally, this study provides valuable insights into the temperature-dependent phase transitions and carbon diffusion during the synthesis of NCNFs. The surface segregation mechanism driving phase changes in the catalyst plays a crucial role in the active formation of NCNFs. The segregation of metallic nickel into the CNF structure significantly impacts N-CNF formation, highlighting the intricate dynamics involved in CNF synthesis. Overall, these findings offer a deeper understanding of the synthesis process and the structural evolution of N-CNFs across different growth temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 111778"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-12DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111776
Qilong Wu , Huawei Sun , Hongwei Zhao , Yujia Li , Zhipeng Sun , Lei Zhang
Diamond/Ni-based wear-resistant coatings were fabricated on 45 steel using induction cladding, followed by laser remelting of the gradient coatings. The microstructure, phase composition, hardness, and friction properties of the coatings were examined. Results revealed that the surfaces of the composite and gradient coatings primarily consisted of a hard γ-Ni matrix and phases such as diamond, Cr7C3, and Cr23C6. High-temperature diffusion results in a strong metallurgical bond between the coating and the substrate. The gradient coating design significantly reduce the physical property mismatch between the 45 steel substrate and the composite coating. While laser remelting increased chromium aggregation and achieved a more uniform distribution of Fe, Ni, and Si. XRD analysis indicated that the Ni2Si diffraction peaks disappeared. Concurrently, the surface roughness and wear loss of the coating decreased, while the microhardness of the surface layer increased to 1030.74 HV, enhancing surface wear and corrosion resistance performance.
{"title":"Optimized strategy for induction cladding of diamond/Ni-based wear-resistant coatings","authors":"Qilong Wu , Huawei Sun , Hongwei Zhao , Yujia Li , Zhipeng Sun , Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diamond/Ni-based wear-resistant coatings were fabricated on 45 steel using induction cladding, followed by laser remelting of the gradient coatings. The microstructure, phase composition, hardness, and friction properties of the coatings were examined. Results revealed that the surfaces of the composite and gradient coatings primarily consisted of a hard γ-Ni matrix and phases such as diamond, Cr<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub>, and Cr<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub>. High-temperature diffusion results in a strong metallurgical bond between the coating and the substrate. The gradient coating design significantly reduce the physical property mismatch between the 45 steel substrate and the composite coating. While laser remelting increased chromium aggregation and achieved a more uniform distribution of Fe, Ni, and Si. XRD analysis indicated that the Ni<sub>2</sub>Si diffraction peaks disappeared. Concurrently, the surface roughness and wear loss of the coating decreased, while the microhardness of the surface layer increased to 1030.74 HV, enhancing surface wear and corrosion resistance performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"150 ","pages":"Article 111776"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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