Pub Date : 2025-02-17DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112121
Jia Du , Qi Liu , Hengrui Qiu , Yongqiang Zhang , Wenxiu He
In this paper, a three-dimensional composite of ZnCo2O4/graphene@nickel foam (ZCO/G@NF) was prepared for lithium-ion battery anode. It eliminates the tedious steps of traditional coating and maintains a stable structure during charging and discharging, which is not easy to collapse. The binder-free electrode prevents agglomeration of nanosheets and accelerates the transfer efficiency of electrons and ions. As a lithium anode showing excellent cycling and multiplication performance, the discharge capacity can still reach 1128 mAh/g after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A/g, and when the current reaches 1.4 A/g, it can still maintain a reversible capacity of 760mAh/g. The material has high reversible capacity, good cycling stability, and good multiplicity performance. Combining the advantages of self-supported structure, carbon composite, and nanomorphology design, the electrochemical performance of ZnCo2O4 is comprehensively improved.
{"title":"ZnCo2O4/graphene@NF nanocomposites as high-capacity anode materials for lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Jia Du , Qi Liu , Hengrui Qiu , Yongqiang Zhang , Wenxiu He","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a three-dimensional composite of ZnCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/graphene@nickel foam (ZCO/G@NF) was prepared for lithium-ion battery anode. It eliminates the tedious steps of traditional coating and maintains a stable structure during charging and discharging, which is not easy to collapse. The binder-free electrode prevents agglomeration of nanosheets and accelerates the transfer efficiency of electrons and ions. As a lithium anode showing excellent cycling and multiplication performance, the discharge capacity can still reach 1128 mAh/g after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A/g, and when the current reaches 1.4 A/g, it can still maintain a reversible capacity of 760mAh/g. The material has high reversible capacity, good cycling stability, and good multiplicity performance. Combining the advantages of self-supported structure, carbon composite, and nanomorphology design, the electrochemical performance of ZnCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> is comprehensively improved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"153 ","pages":"Article 112121"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-16DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112091
T. Aravind , A. Rajasekaran , R. Arun , G. Elumalai , M. Bindhu
The development of highly efficient and stable photoanodes is critical for advancing dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) toward practical applications in sustainable energy production. In this work, we introduce a novel hybrid photoanode design that incorporates two-dimensional (2D) graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) nanosheets anchored with copper ferrite (CuFe₂O₄) nanoparticles. This innovative configuration leverages the synergistic properties of g-C₃N₄ and CuFe₂O₄ to address critical DSSC challenges, such as charge recombination, limited visible-light absorption, and stability. The hybrids were synthesized with g-C₃N₄ incorporated at weight ratios of 10 %, 20 %, and 30 %, respectively, to enhance the electrochemical properties of the photoanodes. The band gaps were estimated at 2.31, 2.07, 1.93, and 1.80 eV for CFCN0, CFCN10, CFCN20, and CFCN30, respectively, where ‘CFCN’ denotes CuFe₂O₄/g-C₃N₄ hybrid composites with varying g-C₃N₄ content. BET analysis revealed a significant increase in surface area from 74.41 m2/g for CuFe₂O₄ to 135.16 m2/g for CFCN30, along with an increase in pore volume and diameter. The optimized CFCN30 photoanode achieved a maximum efficiency of 7.92 %, with notable improvements in short-circuit current density (Jsc = 16.05 mA/cm2), open-circuit voltage (Voc = 0.72 V), and fill factor (FF = 0.66), attributed to the robust heterojunction formed between g-C₃N₄ and CuFe₂O₄. Additionally, the incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) reached 74.72 % at 530 nm, and the photocurrent density was 6.5 times higher than that of pristine CuFe₂O₄. These results highlight the potential of the CuFe₂O₄/g-C₃N₄ hybrid as a durable, high-performance photoanode, offering a promising avenue for overcoming current DSSC limitations and advancing solar energy technologies.
{"title":"Strategic design of 2D graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets anchored with CuFe2O4 nanoparticles for efficient photoanodes in DSSC applications","authors":"T. Aravind , A. Rajasekaran , R. Arun , G. Elumalai , M. Bindhu","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of highly efficient and stable photoanodes is critical for advancing dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) toward practical applications in sustainable energy production. In this work, we introduce a novel hybrid photoanode design that incorporates two-dimensional (2D) graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) nanosheets anchored with copper ferrite (CuFe₂O₄) nanoparticles. This innovative configuration leverages the synergistic properties of g-C₃N₄ and CuFe₂O₄ to address critical DSSC challenges, such as charge recombination, limited visible-light absorption, and stability. The hybrids were synthesized with g-C₃N₄ incorporated at weight ratios of 10 %, 20 %, and 30 %, respectively, to enhance the electrochemical properties of the photoanodes. The band gaps were estimated at 2.31, 2.07, 1.93, and 1.80 eV for CFCN0, CFCN10, CFCN20, and CFCN30, respectively, where ‘CFCN’ denotes CuFe₂O₄/g-C₃N₄ hybrid composites with varying g-C₃N₄ content. BET analysis revealed a significant increase in surface area from 74.41 m<sup>2</sup>/g for CuFe₂O₄ to 135.16 m<sup>2</sup>/g for CFCN30, along with an increase in pore volume and diameter. The optimized CFCN30 photoanode achieved a maximum efficiency of 7.92 %, with notable improvements in short-circuit current density (J<sub>sc</sub> = 16.05 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>), open-circuit voltage (Voc = 0.72 V), and fill factor (FF = 0.66), attributed to the robust heterojunction formed between g-C₃N₄ and CuFe₂O₄. Additionally, the incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) reached 74.72 % at 530 nm, and the photocurrent density was 6.5 times higher than that of pristine CuFe₂O₄. These results highlight the potential of the CuFe₂O₄/g-C₃N₄ hybrid as a durable, high-performance photoanode, offering a promising avenue for overcoming current DSSC limitations and advancing solar energy technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 112091"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes contamination has long been an intractable water pollution problem that has puzzled researchers. Nubbly γ-AlOOH particles consisted of several flakes were in-situ decorated onto the surface of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) via an in-situ microwave-assisted hydrothermal method for removal of methylene blue (MB) in this work. The structure and composition of resulting γ-AlOOH/rGO nanocomposite was characterized by XRD, FTIR, Raman, SEM, EDS, XPS and BET. The adsorption behavior of γ-AlOOH/rGO towards MB could be described by the pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir model satisfactorily. The maximal adsorption capacity for MB was estimated to be 487.804 mg/g by Langmuir model. The concerning adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous according to the thermodynamic study. Electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, π-π interaction and van der Waals force together constitute the possible adsorption mechanism. The γ-AlOOH/rGO also had good recycling performance, which make it a potential adsorbent for dye removal in sewage treatment.
{"title":"Microwave-assisted synthesis of γ-AlOOH/rGO nanocomposite for removal of methylene blue","authors":"Xing-Wei Han, Haojun Zou, Chong Lu, Sijia Wang, Xue Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dyes contamination has long been an intractable water pollution problem that has puzzled researchers. Nubbly γ-AlOOH particles consisted of several flakes were in-situ decorated onto the surface of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) via an in-situ microwave-assisted hydrothermal method for removal of methylene blue (MB) in this work. The structure and composition of resulting γ-AlOOH/rGO nanocomposite was characterized by XRD, FTIR, Raman, SEM, EDS, XPS and BET. The adsorption behavior of γ-AlOOH/rGO towards MB could be described by the pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir model satisfactorily. The maximal adsorption capacity for MB was estimated to be 487.804 mg/g by Langmuir model. The concerning adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous according to the thermodynamic study. Electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, π-π interaction and van der Waals force together constitute the possible adsorption mechanism. The γ-AlOOH/rGO also had good recycling performance, which make it a potential adsorbent for dye removal in sewage treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"153 ","pages":"Article 112116"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112102
Hafiza Fatima , Sania Ashraf , Ali Raza , Palwasha Sajid , Amir Habib , Adeel Afzal
An inexpensive electrochemical sensor for the detection of formic acid (HCOOH), recently recognized as a biomarker associated with cognitive abilities, can reveal early-stage Alzheimer's disease. In this context, electrochemical sensors based on graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) nanosheets are developed to detect formic acid. Additionally, GCN nanostructures are chemically decorated with various hard-acid cationic dopants, including Cr3+, Fe3+, and Sn4+ ions, and treated with formic acid to study the influence of cationic dopants and formic acid treatment on the surface morphology, electrochemical characteristics such as electroactive surface area, heterogeneous rate constant, interfacial charge-transfer resistance, and sensing properties of the resulting Cr-GCN, Fe-GCN, or Sn-GCN materials. Cationic dopants generally enhance the electrochemical properties and effectiveness of the resulting sensors, with Cr-GCN exhibiting the highest sensitivity of 4.87 μA/μM. In contrast, formic acid treatment of pristine and cation-doped GCN has a detrimental effect on the electrocatalytic properties of these materials. Overall, these electrochemical sensors, characterized by their excellent sensitivity, sub-micromolar (< 1 μM) formic acid detection capability, and cost-effectiveness, hold significant potential in facilitating point-of-care testing, disease monitoring, and predicting treatment outcomes related to Alzheimer's disease.
{"title":"Hard acid doped carbon nitride sensors for detecting Alzheimer's biomarker: Formic acid","authors":"Hafiza Fatima , Sania Ashraf , Ali Raza , Palwasha Sajid , Amir Habib , Adeel Afzal","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An inexpensive electrochemical sensor for the detection of formic acid (HCOOH), recently recognized as a biomarker associated with cognitive abilities, can reveal early-stage Alzheimer's disease. In this context, electrochemical sensors based on graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) nanosheets are developed to detect formic acid. Additionally, GCN nanostructures are chemically decorated with various hard-acid cationic dopants, including Cr<sup>3+</sup>, Fe<sup>3+</sup>, and Sn<sup>4+</sup> ions, and treated with formic acid to study the influence of cationic dopants and formic acid treatment on the surface morphology, electrochemical characteristics such as electroactive surface area, heterogeneous rate constant, interfacial charge-transfer resistance, and sensing properties of the resulting Cr-GCN, Fe-GCN, or Sn-GCN materials. Cationic dopants generally enhance the electrochemical properties and effectiveness of the resulting sensors, with Cr-GCN exhibiting the highest sensitivity of 4.87 μA/μM. In contrast, formic acid treatment of pristine and cation-doped GCN has a detrimental effect on the electrocatalytic properties of these materials. Overall, these electrochemical sensors, characterized by their excellent sensitivity, sub-micromolar (< 1 μM) formic acid detection capability, and cost-effectiveness, hold significant potential in facilitating point-of-care testing, disease monitoring, and predicting treatment outcomes related to Alzheimer's disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"153 ","pages":"Article 112102"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112117
Tong Zheng , Minglu Jin , Fuli Yang , Xupeng Li , Wenyu Wang , Ji Man Kim , Yushan Jin , Xiangai Zhao , Mingshi Jin
In the present work, spherical mesoporous carbon (SMC) materials were synthesized through a one-pot synthesis strategy using sucrose and silica nanoparticles as the carbon framework source and mesopore-generating template. The SMC with a high surface area and uniform pore sizes was obtained by controlling the template size of silica nanoparticles. Subsequently, SMC as a solid-phase dispersion extraction adsorbent coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was utilized for the reliable and rapid determination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in cigarette papers. The analytical results indicate that SMC effectively reduced the interference from complex matrices in detecting PCBs. The method demonstrated good trueness (recoveries90 %), precision (RSD10 %), with detection limits ranging from 0.62 to 2.97 ng/mL, and a suitable liner range from 10 to 500 ng/mL (R2 > 0.995). This method successfully quantified seven target PCBs (PCB18, PCB28, PCB52, PCB101, PCB138, PCB153, and PCB180) in the real cigarette paper samples. The developed method is simple, rapid, and effective, demonstrating great potential for determining PCBs in cigarette paper.
{"title":"Spherical mesoporous carbon as a dispersive solid phase extraction adsorbent for rapid detection of polychlorinated biphenyls in cigarette papers via GC–MS","authors":"Tong Zheng , Minglu Jin , Fuli Yang , Xupeng Li , Wenyu Wang , Ji Man Kim , Yushan Jin , Xiangai Zhao , Mingshi Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, spherical mesoporous carbon (SMC) materials were synthesized through a one-pot synthesis strategy using sucrose and silica nanoparticles as the carbon framework source and mesopore-generating template. The SMC with a high surface area and uniform pore sizes was obtained by controlling the template size of silica nanoparticles. Subsequently, SMC as a solid-phase dispersion extraction adsorbent coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was utilized for the reliable and rapid determination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in cigarette papers. The analytical results indicate that SMC effectively reduced the interference from complex matrices in detecting PCBs. The method demonstrated good trueness (recoveries<span><math><mo>></mo></math></span>90 %), precision (RSD<span><math><mo>≤</mo></math></span>10 %), with detection limits ranging from 0.62 to 2.97 ng/mL, and a suitable liner range from 10 to 500 ng/mL (R<sup>2</sup> > 0.995). This method successfully quantified seven target PCBs (PCB18, PCB28, PCB52, PCB101, PCB138, PCB153, and PCB180) in the real cigarette paper samples. The developed method is simple, rapid, and effective, demonstrating great potential for determining PCBs in cigarette paper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"153 ","pages":"Article 112117"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112119
Thalita Sani-Taiariol , Gislene Martins , Carolina Hurtado , Dayane Tada , Evaldo Corat , Vladimir Trava-Airoldi
DLC films have properties that make them known as solid lubricants and can be improved by incorporating nanoparticles. This work evaluated the influence of individual and multiple Ag and TiO2 incorporation on DLC films, with the main objective of its application in high vacuum. Nanoparticle suspensions prepared from Ag and TiO2 precursor powders in deionized water were incorporated into the DLC films using a pulsed valve coupled to a modified pulsed-DC PECVD system deposition. Raman analysis showed a low graphitic behavior for all samples deposited. The friction coefficient for high vacuum conditions showed that nanoparticles promoted the stabilization of this trybo-parameter compared to the coatings without modification and reduced the running-in period. The percentages reduction were 42.9 %, 64.3 %, 14.3 %, and 21.4 % for the samples with 30 % TiO2, 70 % TiO2, 100 % TiO2, and 100 % Ag, respectively, considering pure DLC films. CL1 increased 40 %, 220 % 240 %, and 160 % for 30 % TiO2, 70 % TiO2, 100 % TiO2, and 100 % Ag, while CL2 increased 30 %, 170.6 %, 100 %, and 152.9 % for 30 % TiO2, 70 % TiO2, 100 % TiO2, and 100 % Ag, compared to pure DLC films. There was a slight reduction in the hardness values of the films containing NPs compared to pure DLC or with only water. All films were classified as HF1 or HF2, by the VDI 3198 standard.
{"title":"Effect of individual and multiple incorporation of Ag and TiO2 on the properties of DLC films","authors":"Thalita Sani-Taiariol , Gislene Martins , Carolina Hurtado , Dayane Tada , Evaldo Corat , Vladimir Trava-Airoldi","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>DLC films have properties that make them known as solid lubricants and can be improved by incorporating nanoparticles. This work evaluated the influence of individual and multiple Ag and TiO<sub>2</sub> incorporation on DLC films, with the main objective of its application in high vacuum. Nanoparticle suspensions prepared from Ag and TiO<sub>2</sub> precursor powders in deionized water were incorporated into the DLC films using a pulsed valve coupled to a modified pulsed-DC PECVD system deposition. Raman analysis showed a low graphitic behavior for all samples deposited. The friction coefficient for high vacuum conditions showed that nanoparticles promoted the stabilization of this trybo-parameter compared to the coatings without modification and reduced the running-in period. The percentages reduction were 42.9 %, 64.3 %, 14.3 %, and 21.4 % for the samples with 30 % TiO<sub>2</sub>, 70 % TiO<sub>2</sub>, 100 % TiO<sub>2</sub>, and 100 % Ag, respectively, considering pure DLC films. C<sub>L1</sub> increased 40 %, 220 % 240 %, and 160 % for 30 % TiO<sub>2</sub>, 70 % TiO<sub>2</sub>, 100 % TiO<sub>2</sub>, and 100 % Ag, while C<sub>L2</sub> increased 30 %, 170.6 %, 100 %, and 152.9 % for 30 % TiO<sub>2</sub>, 70 % TiO<sub>2</sub>, 100 % TiO<sub>2</sub>, and 100 % Ag, compared to pure DLC films. There was a slight reduction in the hardness values of the films containing NPs compared to pure DLC or with only water. All films were classified as HF1 or HF2, by the VDI 3198 standard.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 112119"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112115
Bharti Agarwal , Manviri Rani , Uma Shanker
Plastic additives, Bisphenol A (BPA), and Allyl 2,4,6-tribormorphenyl ether (ATE) are causing potential risks due to their persistence and incomplete degradation in environmental matrices. Therefore, their extinction by superior materials from the environment is imperative. The nanocomposite rGO@NiFe2O4 was green-biosynthesized using A Indica leaves extract to complement green chemistry principles and ensure ecofriendly ness. The rGO@NiFe2O4 was utilized to degrade BPA and ATE from wastewater due to its superior photocatalytic activity, large surface area (98 m2 g−1), small band gap (2.45 eV), more considerable particle stability (−42.9 mV). This showed the lesser rate of recombination of charge carriers, strong cross-linking with pollutants, and catalytic free radical generation, driven by the synergistic effect of rGO's high conductivity and NiFe2O4's magnetic properties and visible-light adsorption. Ideal removal conditions include a dose of 20 mg of nanocatalyst at 2 mg/L concentration at balanced pH. High degradation of BPA (92 %) and ATE (95 %) was accomplished by the rGO@NiFe2O4 in <120 min, followed by first-order kinetics. Its stability revealed by EIS Nyquist plots and high reusability up to 8 consecutive cycles advocated excellent catalytic performance. This study highlights the significance of integrating green synthesis methods with advanced photocatalytic materials for eradicating plastic additives and other pollutants and further research and development.
{"title":"Green biosynthesized NiFe2O4 coated with rGO for efficient photocatalytic degradation of plastic additives: Synthesis, mechanism, and kinetics","authors":"Bharti Agarwal , Manviri Rani , Uma Shanker","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plastic additives, Bisphenol A (BPA), and Allyl 2,4,6-tribormorphenyl ether (ATE) are causing potential risks due to their persistence and incomplete degradation in environmental matrices. Therefore, their extinction by superior materials from the environment is imperative. The nanocomposite rGO@NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was green-biosynthesized using <em>A Indica</em> leaves extract to complement green chemistry principles and ensure ecofriendly ness. The rGO@NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was utilized to degrade BPA and ATE from wastewater due to its superior photocatalytic activity, large surface area (98 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>), small band gap (2.45 eV), more considerable particle stability (−42.9 mV). This showed the lesser rate of recombination of charge carriers, strong cross-linking with pollutants, and catalytic free radical generation, driven by the synergistic effect of rGO's high conductivity and NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>'s magnetic properties and visible-light adsorption. Ideal removal conditions include a dose of 20 mg of nanocatalyst at 2 mg/L concentration at balanced pH. High degradation of BPA (92 %) and ATE (95 %) was accomplished by the rGO@NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> in <120 min, followed by first-order kinetics. Its stability revealed by EIS Nyquist plots and high reusability up to 8 consecutive cycles advocated excellent catalytic performance. This study highlights the significance of integrating green synthesis methods with advanced photocatalytic materials for eradicating plastic additives and other pollutants and further research and development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"153 ","pages":"Article 112115"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112112
Abdelaaziz El ansari , Abdelhak Bendali , Fatima Younis , Najiba El Amrani El Idrissi
This article introduces a compact, single-fed, left-handed circularly polarized (LHCP) slotted array antenna designed for terahertz (THz) wireless communication applications. The antenna utilizes a graphene-based design with a silicon dioxide substrate, optimized for operation in the THz band. Initially The fundamental element exhibits linear polarization. To generate left-hand circular polarization (LHCP), two orthogonal resonant modes with uniform magnitude and a 90° phase difference are realized through an iterative seven-step optimization process involving truncated opposite diagonal corners, fractal slots, and a circular slot. These steps ensure optimal resonance at 2.45THz with improved reflection loss and axial ratio characteristics. To enhance gain while preserving LHCP performance, a T power divider is employed to feed two identical LHCP elements. The resulting antenna array, with overall dimensions of 54 × 104 × 1.57 μm3, demonstrates enhanced performance, including 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 206 GHz (2.343–2.54 THz), a 10 dB return loss bandwidth of 206 GHz (2.343–2.54 THz), a peak gain of 8.66 dB, and a peak radiation efficiency of 99 %. These results highlight the antenna's potential for high-performance wireless communication in the THz spectral band (2.325–2.53 THz).
{"title":"A single-fed, left-handed circularly polarized array antenna with fractal graphene slots and SiO2 dielectric substrate for terahertz applications","authors":"Abdelaaziz El ansari , Abdelhak Bendali , Fatima Younis , Najiba El Amrani El Idrissi","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article introduces a compact, single-fed, left-handed circularly polarized (LHCP) slotted array antenna designed for terahertz (THz) wireless communication applications. The antenna utilizes a graphene-based design with a silicon dioxide substrate, optimized for operation in the THz band. Initially The fundamental element exhibits linear polarization. To generate left-hand circular polarization (LHCP), two orthogonal resonant modes with uniform magnitude and a 90° phase difference are realized through an iterative seven-step optimization process involving truncated opposite diagonal corners, fractal slots, and a circular slot. These steps ensure optimal resonance at 2.45THz with improved reflection loss and axial ratio characteristics. To enhance gain while preserving LHCP performance, a T power divider is employed to feed two identical LHCP elements. The resulting antenna array, with overall dimensions of 54 × 104 × 1.57 μm<sup>3</sup>, demonstrates enhanced performance, including 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 206 GHz (2.343–2.54 THz), a 10 dB return loss bandwidth of 206 GHz (2.343–2.54 THz), a peak gain of 8.66 dB, and a peak radiation efficiency of 99 %. These results highlight the antenna's potential for high-performance wireless communication in the THz spectral band (2.325–2.53 THz).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"153 ","pages":"Article 112112"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112114
Petr Pakholchuk , Nikita Smirnov , Nikolay Busleev , Alexey Gorevoy , Pavel Danilov , Victor Vins , Sergey Kudryashov
Red synthetic diamond synthesized at high pressure and high temperature (HPHT), e-beam exposed and post-annealed, was exposed in its bulk to 150-fs laser pulses at the 4673-nm wavelength, corresponding to the intrinsic two-phonon absorption of diamond, after their focusing by a reflective objective with a numerical aperture of 0.5. The obtained arrays of laser-irradiated micrometer-scale regions were characterized by optical transmission, FTIR and 3D-confocal photoluminescence (PL) microspectroscopies at room temperature, exhibiting minor local reduction of NV-centers and related H1a-centers, while the simultaneous minor increase of H3(H4)-center content.
{"title":"Structural modification in bulk synthetic diamond by ultrashort mid-IR laser pulses","authors":"Petr Pakholchuk , Nikita Smirnov , Nikolay Busleev , Alexey Gorevoy , Pavel Danilov , Victor Vins , Sergey Kudryashov","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Red synthetic diamond synthesized at high pressure and high temperature (HPHT), e-beam exposed and post-annealed, was exposed in its bulk to 150-fs laser pulses at the 4673-nm wavelength, corresponding to the intrinsic two-phonon absorption of diamond, after their focusing by a reflective objective with a numerical aperture of 0.5. The obtained arrays of laser-irradiated micrometer-scale regions were characterized by optical transmission, FTIR and 3D-confocal photoluminescence (PL) microspectroscopies at room temperature, exhibiting minor local reduction of NV-centers and related H1a-centers, while the simultaneous minor increase of H3(H4)-center content.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"153 ","pages":"Article 112114"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112118
Kil-dong Sung , Stefan Andrei Irimiciuc , Jaromír Kopeček , Ladislav Fekete , Zdeněk Weiss , Jan Pech , Vincent Mortet
Phosphorus-doped diamond (PDD) offers significant potential for innovative applications, yet traditional growth techniques face difficulties in achieving high levels of phosphorus incorporation. This study presents a novel growth process to enhance phosphorus incorporation into diamond layers through transient plasma conditions under CH4 gas pulsing. Unlike conventional approaches, heavily PDD layers ([P] ∼3 × 1020 atoms/cm3) are obtained at low phosphine concentrations by utilizing phosphorus contamination as the primary source of PH radicals. Time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy analysis reveals that, when the CH4 gas flow is turned off, the distinct relaxation dynamics of CH and PH radicals promote a non-equilibrium plasma state in which sufficient quantities of both radicals coexist. Additionally, the enhanced hydrogen etching process leads to the formation of faceted crystalline grains with reduced nucleation density and fewer non-diamond compounds. In contrast to the fine grains typically observed in conventional heavily PDD nanocrystalline layers, the phosphorus concentration exhibits a proportional trend with grain size, suggesting that phosphorus is primarily incorporated within the diamond grains rather than at grain boundaries. These findings pave the way for achieving heavily PDD layers with precise microstructural control, supporting the development of advanced devices.
{"title":"Novel growth process in the synthesis of heavily phosphorus-doped nanocrystalline diamond layers","authors":"Kil-dong Sung , Stefan Andrei Irimiciuc , Jaromír Kopeček , Ladislav Fekete , Zdeněk Weiss , Jan Pech , Vincent Mortet","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phosphorus-doped diamond (PDD) offers significant potential for innovative applications, yet traditional growth techniques face difficulties in achieving high levels of phosphorus incorporation. This study presents a novel growth process to enhance phosphorus incorporation into diamond layers through transient plasma conditions under CH<sub>4</sub> gas pulsing. Unlike conventional approaches, heavily PDD layers ([P] ∼3 × 10<sup>20</sup> atoms/cm<sup>3</sup>) are obtained at low phosphine concentrations by utilizing phosphorus contamination as the primary source of PH radicals. Time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy analysis reveals that, when the CH<sub>4</sub> gas flow is turned off, the distinct relaxation dynamics of CH and PH radicals promote a non-equilibrium plasma state in which sufficient quantities of both radicals coexist. Additionally, the enhanced hydrogen etching process leads to the formation of faceted crystalline grains with reduced nucleation density and fewer non-diamond compounds. In contrast to the fine grains typically observed in conventional heavily PDD nanocrystalline layers, the phosphorus concentration exhibits a proportional trend with grain size, suggesting that phosphorus is primarily incorporated within the diamond grains rather than at grain boundaries. These findings pave the way for achieving heavily PDD layers with precise microstructural control, supporting the development of advanced devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 112118"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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