ZIF-67 derivatives in electrocatalysis

ZIF-67-derived materials, obtained by processes such as annealing, electrochemical reconstruction, and ion exchange, effectively overcome the limitations of low conductivity and stability that are inherent in ZIF-67, all while preserving their porous structure and high specific surface area. These derivatives not only address these issues but also offer the flexibility to modulate the component structure, rendering them promising candidates for electrocatalytic applications. This review delves into the novel application of ZIF-67 derivatives in conventional electrocatalysis, filling a crucial gap in the existing literature. The review begins by elucidating common strategies for catalyst modification, providing a foundation for understanding the subsequent sections. It then offers a detailed overview of the methods used to synthesize ZIF-67 derivatives, followed by a comprehensive examination of their application in electrocatalysis. This exploration covers a range of applications, including water splitting, CO₂ reduction, fuel cells, and metal-air batteries. Furthermore, the review analyzes how the modification and synthesis of MOF derivatives impact the microstructure and catalytic performance of these materials. Finally, the review critically assesses the challenges encountered in the integration of MOF derivatives into electrocatalytic systems and offers insights into potential future research directions. By exploring these aspects, this work aims to inspire and guide researchers in overcoming existing obstacles, thereby unlocking the full potential of MOF derivatives in the field of electrocatalysis.