In Vitro Assessment of Injectable Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrates Compared to Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin.

Background: Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (iPRF), a liquid form of PRF that is prepared from peripheral blood without anticoagulants, promotes tissue wound healing and regeneration. The present study focused on iPRF-like bone marrow aspirate concentrate (iBMAC) prepared without anticoagulant, and the regenerative potential of iPRF and iBMAC was compared in vitro.

Methods: iPRF and iBMAC were prepared from the same New Zealand white rabbits. The cytocompatibility and regenerative potential of each concentrate were evaluated using primary rabbit gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts.

Results: Both gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts treated with each concentrate exhibited excellent cell viability. Interestingly, compared to cells treated with iPRF, cells treated with iBMAC demonstrated significantly greater migration potential. Furthermore, higher mRNA levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and collagen I (COL1) were observed in gingival fibroblasts treated with iBMAC than in those treated with iPRF. Compared with osteoblasts treated with iPRF, osteoblasts treated with iBMAC exhibited greater differentiation potential, as indicated by increased osteocalcin (OCN) expression and mineralization capability.

Conclusion: The results of the in vitro study suggest that, compared with iPRF, iBMAC may promote wound healing and bone regeneration more effectively. However, further preclinical and clinical studies are needed to confirm the regenerative potential of iBMAC in the body.