Xanthogranulomatous prostatitis with multilocular mass on MRI

Introduction

Xanthogranulomatous prostatitis is a very rare benign inflammatory lesion of the prostate that may be similar to prostatic carcinoma in clinical presentation and radiological characteristics.

Case presentation

A 77-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of high prostate-specific antigen level. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a 6.5 cm in diameter multifocal mass with hemorrhage at the base of the left lobe of the prostate. Biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed no evidence of malignancy. After biopsy, he developed recurring fever, so the patient was treated with open suprapubic tumor resection to control infection. Pathological examination revealed xanthogranulomatous prostatitis.

Conclusion

It is necessary to diagnose xanthogranulomatous prostatitis by cooperation between urologists and pathologists, and consider xanthogranulomatous prostatitis as a differential diagnosis. Treatment should be conservative in principle; however, surgical intervention may be necessary.