在体力要求较高的职业中使用个人降温衣进行热应激管理的实际考虑因素:采用现实主义评估方法进行系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH American journal of industrial medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI:10.1002/ajim.23672
Emily J Tetzlaff, Leonidas G Ioannou, Fergus K O'Connor, Antonia Kaltsatou, Valentina Ly, Glen P Kenny
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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言:由于极端温度不断升高,工作场所正在寻求新的解决方案,例如使用个人降温衣(PCG)来减轻和管理工作场所的热暴露。本系统综述旨在评估个人降温衣对穿着标准工作服在炎热环境中执行中等至高强度任务的工人的生理和感知影响:在 MEDLINE、Embase、CINAHL、Scopus、Global Health 和 Business Source Complete 中采用同行评议检索策略,没有语言或时间限制。然后采用现实主义评估框架进行了荟萃分析,以评估 PCGs 的有效性:共纳入 33 项研究,764 名参与者(98% 为男性;平均每项研究 21 ± 34 名参与者),主要在实验室环境中进行(76%)。研究持续时间为 193 ± 190 分钟,包括在炎热环境条件下进行 3.3 ± 1.0 METs 的中度至重度工作(温度:35.9 ± 3.3 摄氏度):温度:35.9 ± 3.3°C,相对湿度 51.4 ± 12.1%,湿球温度 [WBGT] 31.2 ± 2.6°C)。PCG (n = 67)通过传导(n = 39)、蒸发(n = 4)、对流(n = 2)、辐射(n = 2)或混合组合(n = 20)促进热交换。传导式和混合式 PCG 对体温调节的益处最大,核心温度(Tc)和心率(HR)持续下降(传导式:Tc:-0.3°C,HR:-12 bpm;混合式:Tc::-0.2°C,HR:-10 bpm),而旨在增强蒸发式和辐射式热交换的 PCG 对所评估的生理结果(即 TC)没有影响或影响甚微:虽然 PCGs 总体上有积极的影响,但传导性选择对工人的益处最为一致。WBGT、衣物隔热性能和穿着时间对某些生理和感知结果有显著影响。
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Practical considerations for using personal cooling garments for heat stress management in physically demanding occupations: A systematic review and meta-analysis using realist evaluation.

Introduction: Due to rising temperature extremes, workplaces are seeking new solutions, such as using personal cooling garments (PCG) to mitigate and manage workplace heat exposure. This systematic review sought to assess the physiological and perceptual effects of PCGs on workers in standard work clothing performing moderate-to-heavy intensity tasks in hot environments.

Methods: A peer-reviewed search strategy was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Global Health, and Business Source Complete with no language or time limits. A meta-analysis using a realist evaluation framework was then performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the PCGs.

Results: Thirty-three studies with 764 participants (98% male; average 21 ± 34 participants per study), conducted primarily in a laboratory setting (76%) were included. The studies were 193 ± 190 min in duration and consisted of a moderate-to-heavy work effort of 3.3 ± 1.0 METs in hot ambient conditions (temperature: 35.9 ± 3.3°C, 51.4 ± 12.1% relative humidity, wet bulb globe temperature [WBGT] 31.2 ± 2.6°C). The PCGs (n = 67) facilitated heat exchange through conduction (n = 39), evaporation (n = 4), convection (n = 2), radiation (n = 2), or hybrid combinations (n = 20). Conductive and hybrid PCGs offered the greatest thermoregulatory benefit, whereby core temperature (Tc) and heart rate (HR) reductions were consistently observed (Conductive: Tc: -0.3°C, HR: -12 bpm; Hybrid: Tc::-0.2°C, HR: -10 bpm), while PCGs directed at enhancing evaporative and radiative heat exchange had no or minimal effect on the physiological outcomes assessed (i.e., TC < 0.1°C, HR: <0.7 bpm).

Conclusion: While the PCGs had a positive overall effect, conductive options offered the most consistent benefit to workers. WBGT, clothing insulation, and duration of wear significantly affected some physiological and perceptual outcomes.

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来源期刊
American journal of industrial medicine
American journal of industrial medicine 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
5.70%
发文量
108
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: American Journal of Industrial Medicine considers for publication reports of original research, review articles, instructive case reports, and analyses of policy in the fields of occupational and environmental health and safety. The Journal also accepts commentaries, book reviews and letters of comment and criticism. The goals of the journal are to advance and disseminate knowledge, promote research and foster the prevention of disease and injury. Specific topics of interest include: occupational disease; environmental disease; pesticides; cancer; occupational epidemiology; environmental epidemiology; disease surveillance systems; ergonomics; dust diseases; lead poisoning; neurotoxicology; endocrine disruptors.
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A Review of Job Assignments and Asbestos Workplace Exposure Measurements for TAWP Mesothelioma Deaths Through 2011. Issue Information Association Between Employment Factors and Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease in US Law Enforcement Workers: The National Health Interview Survey, 2006-2018. Practical considerations for using personal cooling garments for heat stress management in physically demanding occupations: A systematic review and meta-analysis using realist evaluation. Functional disabilities and adverse well-being by COVID-19 and Long COVID history and employment status: 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
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