American journal of industrial medicine最新文献

{"title":"Determining Thresholds for Computer-Aided Detection for Silicosis—An Analytic Approach","authors":"Stephen Barker,&nbsp;Annalee Yassi,&nbsp;Jerry Spiegel,&nbsp;Barry Kistnasamy,&nbsp;Rodney Ehrlich","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23720","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23720","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Computer-aided detection (CAD) is emerging as an adjunct to the use of the chest X-ray (CXR) in screening for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). CAD for silicosis, a fibrotic lung disease due to silica dust and a strong risk factor for TB, is at an earlier stage of development and, unlike TB, depends on expert human reading for validation. For all CAD systems, an important step is the choice of threshold for classifying images as positive or negative for the disease in question. The objective of this article is to present an analytic approach to the choice of threshold in using CAD systems for silicosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Drawing on receiver operating curve data from a published study on agreement between CAD and two expert readings of silicosis, two criteria for choosing the sensitivity/specificity combination were compared—the Youden Index and a minimum sensitivity of 90%. We explore the impact of criterion selection, silicosis definition, and reader on the choice and interpretation of threshold, as well as the influence of positive predictive value (PPV) derived from screen prevalence. We present a novel technique for using two CAD thresholds to distinguish images with a high likelihood of being of positive or negative from those characterized by uncertainty.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sample was 501 CXR images from ex-gold miners. Derived thresholds varied across the two criteria, as well as across silicosis definition and expert reader. Varying the notional disease prevalence produced large differences in PPV and, therefore, proportions of false positives. The implications of these variations affecting threshold choice are described for three use cases—annual screening of active miners, outreach screening of former miners, and adjudication of claims for silicosis compensation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In applying CAD to silicosis, users need to establish the use case, their preference for the sensitivity/specificity trade-off, and the silicosis definition, as well as considering the effect of disease prevalence. System developers need to take inter-reader variation in validation exercises into account and present this information transparently. A two-threshold model has potential utility in situations of high screening volume where there is a significant cost associated with referral for confirmation of diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 5","pages":"464-472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.23720","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in the Effectiveness of Three OHS Training Delivery Methods","authors":"Lynda S. Robson,&nbsp;Cynthia Chen,&nbsp;Cameron A. Mustard,&nbsp;Faraz Vahid Shahidi,&nbsp;Victoria Landsman,&nbsp;Peter M. Smith,&nbsp;Aviroop Biswas","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23719","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23719","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Methods of delivering occupational safety and health (OSH) training have shifted from in-person to online. Widespread delivery of a standardized OSH training course in three modalities in the province of Ontario, Canada allowed measurement of differences in their effectiveness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Learners (<i>N</i> = 899) self-selected into face-to-face (F2F) instructor-led learning, online instructor-led synchronous distance learning, or online self-paced e-learning. Pre- and post-training surveys collected information on knowledge and other measures. Multiple regression analyses compared modalities on knowledge achievement (0%–100% scale; the primary outcome), engagement, perceived utility, perceived applicability, self-efficacy, and intention-to-use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>F2F learners achieved a statistically significant 2.5% (95% CI: 0.3%, 4.7%) higher post-training knowledge score than distance learners (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.23, which is considered small). A statistically insignificant difference of 0.4% (95%: −1.4%, 2.3%) was seen between e-learners and distance learners. Collaborating training providers regarded these differences as not meaningful in practice. Statistically significant differences between modalities were seen for engagement, perceived utility, and self-efficacy. Scores of F2F learners were more favorable than scores of distance learners, which were, in turn, more favorable than scores of e-learners.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides evidence that there are small to no differences among F2F, distance and e-learning in their ability to ensure knowledge achievement among learners. This finding is likely generalizable to other well-designed short-term OSH training aimed at acquiring new knowledge. More research is needed to understand whether there are important differences across these modalities in basic OHS skill acquisition and transfer of learning to the workplace.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 5","pages":"450-463"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.23719","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in the World Trade Center Health Program General Responder Cohort","authors":"Christopher R. Dasaro,&nbsp;Ahmad Sabra,&nbsp;Henry S. Sacks,&nbsp;Benjamin J. Luft,&nbsp;Denise J. Harrison,&nbsp;Iris G. Udasin,&nbsp;Michael A. Crane,&nbsp;Jacqueline M. Moline,&nbsp;Winston Kwa,&nbsp;Andrew C. Todd,&nbsp;Nancy L. Sloan,&nbsp;Susan L. Teitelbaum","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23721","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23721","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>People participating in the rescue, recovery, and clean-up effort after the September 11, 2001 attack on the World Trade Center (WTC) were exposed to a complex mix of noxious substances and subsequently experienced elevated gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) incidence, the second-most-common WTC-related condition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Longitudinal WTC Health Program data, collected between July 2002 and December 2022, were used to describe the sample characteristics, diagnostic procedures, and treatment of consenting cohort members with self-reported GERD who reported incident GERD for a year or longer (<i>n</i> = 19,067). Cross-tabulations and binomial logistic regression, adjusted for confounders including comorbidities, assessed the associations with intermittent and resolved, compared with unresolved, GERD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>12.6% of the study cohort reported intermittent GERD; 5.5% reported GERD resolution. Analyses indicated that most GERD resolution was reported by people of color and those with body mass index &lt;25, and by cohort members who had longer postdiagnosis follow-up and implemented dietary modifications together with proton pump inhibitors or Program-approved antacids. GERD-certified members who underwent endoscopy, used medications without dietary modifications, or used bed head-elevation, and those with Barrett's disease (5.8%) or esophageal cancer (0.1%) may have had more severe GERD and reported little resolution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The use of GERD services was consistent with clinical guidelines. Members' implementing dietary modifications in conjunction with proton pump inhibitors or Program-approved antacids reported more resolution and may have had less severe GERD. Earlier diagnosis and intervention might increase earlier therapeutic resolution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 5","pages":"473-483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to the World Trade Center Disaster, Health, and Health-Related Quality of Life Nearly 20 Years After 9/11","authors":"Julia S. Sisti,&nbsp;Ananya Dhanya,&nbsp;Howard E. Alper,&nbsp;Nicholas Millet,&nbsp;Ayda Ahmadi,&nbsp;Robert M. Brackbill","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23706","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23706","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exposure to the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC) on September 11, 2001, has been associated with several chronic physical and mental health conditions. We assessed the burden, nearly 20 years after the attacks, of several 9/11-related health conditions and indicators of poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among individuals exposed to the WTC disaster.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among individuals enrolled in the longitudinal WTC Health Registry in 2020–2021 (<i>N</i> = 26,964), we estimated post-9/11 prevalence of: self-reported diagnosed physical health conditions known to be associated with WTC exposure; probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression; and poor HRQOL indicators. We also compared lifetime prevalence of selected conditions and poor-HRQOL indicators among WTC-exposed rescue and recovery workers and community members, separately, to New York State general population estimates, using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prevalence of post-9/11 physical health conditions ranged from 10.5% (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD) to 26.3% (gastroesophageal reflux disease). Prevalence of probable post-9/11 PTSD and depression were 9.6% and 12.7%, respectively. Lifetime prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma, COPD, and depression were higher among WTC-exposed individuals compared to the general population. Indicators of poor HRQOL were higher among WTC Registry enrollees relative to the general population, and among enrollees with any physical or probable mental health conditions compared to enrollees without any conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nearly 20 years after 9/11, WTC-exposed populations experience a high burden of health conditions that affect their wellbeing, highlighting the need for continued monitoring of this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 5","pages":"413-427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.23706","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Student and Parental Job Loss During the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency: Effects on Household Economic Security","authors":"Sharon R. Silver,&nbsp;Taylor M. Shockey,&nbsp;Jonetta J. Mpofu","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23713","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23713","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While studies have examined effects of parental job loss early in the COVID-19 pandemic, few have assessed economic impacts of student job loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey (ABES) was a one-time online, nationally-representative survey administered by CDC in 2021 to understand high school students' experiences. We assessed associations between student, parent, and dyadic employment experiences and two measures of economic stress: housing instability and food insufficiency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parental job loss was common and associated with both adverse economic outcomes. The adjusted prevalence rate (aPR) for housing instability was 2.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.73–4.51. A new finding is that student employment may also play a role in food sufficiency. Student job loss was significantly associated with both any food insufficiency and frequent food insufficiency (aPR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.35–1.93 and aPR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.43–2.70, respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analysis of associations between employment status before and during the COVID-19 public health emergency and measures of household economic insecurity reveals social safety net gaps. Our finding that student employment may affect household food sufficiency highlights the need to better understand the role of student employment in household economic stress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 5","pages":"428-438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and Validity of the Japanese Version of the Four-Item Psychosocial Safety Climate Scale (PSC-4J)","authors":"Akiomi Inoue,&nbsp;Hisashi Eguchi,&nbsp;Yuko Kachi,&nbsp;Maureen F. Dollard,&nbsp;Akizumi Tsutsumi","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23715","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23715","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Short measurement scales are increasingly sought-after for reasons of efficiency and survey fatigue. A short four-item measure of an organization's climate for employee psychological health, the psychosocial safety climate (PSC-4), has gained international usage. However, the psychometric properties of its Japanese version (PSC-4J) are unknown. We examined the reliability and validity of the PSC-4J.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An online survey containing the Japanese 12-item PSC scale (PSC-12J), from which the PSC-4J derived, and relevant variables (job demands, job resources, and outcomes) was administered to 2200 employees registered with a Japanese online survey provider. Two weeks later, the PSC-12J was measured again with a follow-up survey of 1400 respondents. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were examined by Cronbach's <i>α</i> and intraclass correlation (ICC). Agreement between PSC-4J and PSC-12J was examined by Spearman's correlation. Structural validity was examined by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and item response theory (IRT) analysis. Convergent validity was examined by Spearman's correlations of PSC-4J with relevant variables, comparing these results with the PSC-12J.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cronbach's <i>α</i> and ICC for PSC-4J were 0.91 and 0.68, respectively. Spearman's correlation between PSC-4J and PSC-12J was 0.97. The CFA assuming a one-factor structure showed good model fit. The IRT analysis indicated each PSC-4J item had very high discrimination and appropriate difficulty. Spearman's correlations of PSC-4J with relevant variables were slightly lower than for PSC-12J but in the theoretically expected direction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The PSC-4J, while slightly inferior to the PSC-12J in psychometric properties, provides comparable measurements with fewer items while maintaining adequate reliability and validity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 5","pages":"439-449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and the Risk of Prostate and Ovarian Cancer: An Epidemiologic Meta-Analysis","authors":"Shenglan Yang,&nbsp;Hui Dong,&nbsp;Xinyu Gou,&nbsp;Limei Chen,&nbsp;Ying Zhang,&nbsp;Jing Wu","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23717","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23717","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental contaminants. Previous research has linked PFAS exposure to prostate and ovarian cancer risk, however, the conclusions have been inconsistent. This research purpose was to determine the relationship between PFAS exposure and prostate and ovarian cancer at the population level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We systematically reviewed three databases—PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase—for research from when these databases were established to April 15, 2024. The quality of the retrieved research was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) quality measurement tool. Meta-analysis of the extracted data was conducted using Stata 18. We also conducted sensitivity and subgroup analyses, as well as Begg's and Egger's tests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twelve publications were involved in the analysis for prostate cancer, and six were included for ovary cancer. The outcomes indicated that PFOS exposure was positively related to prostate cancer (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.00–1.28), while mixed PFAS exposure was positively related to ovarian cancer (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.49–1.78). The source of heterogeneity identified in the subgroup analysis was primarily attributable to variations in study design. No significant study bias was detected in the analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study demonstrated an association between PFAS exposure and both prostate and ovarian cancers. Further investigation is required to clarify the underlying mechanisms and potential associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 5","pages":"399-412"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover Image: Volume 68 Issue S1","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Cover Caption</b>: Construction site workers, by wal_172619 via Pixabay.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 S1","pages":"Si"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.23718","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work Participation in Patients With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Referred to Departments of Occupational Medicine—A Danish Register-Based Cohort Study","authors":"Tine Hoffmann Aagaard,&nbsp;Karin Biering,&nbsp;Jesper Medom Vestergaard,&nbsp;Morten Vejs Willert,&nbsp;Marianne Kyndi","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23716","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23716","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We describe long-term work participation of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) referred to Danish departments of occupational medicine and compare to patients with contact dermatitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One thousand seven hundred and sixty CTS-patients were included in this register-based nationwide longitudinal follow-up study and compared to 3158 contact dermatitis patients. We extracted register data on public benefits 5 years before and after assessment at a department of occupational medicine between 2000 and 2013. We defined a work participation score (WPS) as weeks where the patient was working divided by number of potential work weeks per year, dichotomized into low and high at the 75^th percentile. We analyzed the risk of low WPS and of receiving permanent health-related public benefits during follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Before assessment, both CTS and contact dermatitis patients had high work participation. In the follow-up period work participation decreased permanently for both patient groups. Comparing women with CTS to women with contact dermatitis, odds ratios (OR) of low WPS were 2.56 (2.11–3.11) and 1.68 (1.38–2.05) one and 5 years after assessment. For men, OR of low WPS were 2.01 (95% CI, 1.67–2.44) and 1.27 (95% CI, 1.04–1.56). ORs of receiving permanent health-related public benefits during follow-up were 2.10 (95% CI, 1.56–2.83) for men and 1.97 (95% CI, 1.54–2.54) for women with CTS compared to those with contact dermatitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients referred to Danish departments of occupational medicine due to CTS have increased risk of reduced long-term work participation and of receiving permanent health-related public benefits compared to patients referred due to contact dermatitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 4","pages":"321-330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.23716","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143522498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Reported Pesticide Application, Access to Pesticide Labels, and QR Code Use Among Agricultural H-2A Workers, North Carolina, 2024","authors":"Cesar Asuaje,&nbsp;Joseph G. L. Lee,&nbsp;Nowrin Nusrat,&nbsp;Lilibeth Andres,&nbsp;Natalie D. Rivera,&nbsp;Tania Connaughton-Espino,&nbsp;Paul Janampa,&nbsp;Catherine E. LePrevost","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23712","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23712","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite the composition of the United States' agricultural workforce and the sector's reliance on Spanish-speaking migrant labor, pesticide labels are largely available in English only. Currently, federal regulators are considering strategies to provide pesticide label information access in Spanish via a QR code or through other electronic methods on the pesticide container. Data on access to labels and the use of QR codes among agricultural workers are limited. We provide policy-relevant findings from surveys collected at a large agricultural worker H-2A visa arrival hub.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In April and May 2024, we verbally administered Spanish-language, in-person surveys in North Carolina (<i>n</i> = 160). We asked questions about pesticide use, access to labels, and QR code use as well as age, gender, and seasons worked in the United States.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Descriptive analyses revealed approximately 60% of workers had not used a QR code. Among participants who had used pesticides and worked for two or more seasons (42%), approximately 30% reported not having access to the label on the container.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The survey findings show QR-code-based pesticide labels will reach a subset of workers, but substantial gaps will remain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 4","pages":"388-392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.23712","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}