重塑肠道健康:利用膳食生物活性化合物预防和治疗疾病。

IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Frontiers in Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-10-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fnut.2024.1491821
Qiurong Wang, Hui Huang, Ying Yang, Xianglan Yang, Xuemei Li, Wei Zhong, Biao Wen, Feng He, Jun Li
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人体肠道中蕴藏着复杂多样的微生物群,对维持健康至关重要。饮食是影响肠道微生物群组成和功能的最重要的可改变因素,特别是通过生物活性化合物,如蔬菜、水果、海产品、咖啡和绿茶中的多酚、膳食纤维和类胡萝卜素。这些化合物通过促进有益细菌和抑制有害细菌来调节肠道微生物群,从而产生关键的微生物群衍生代谢物,如短链脂肪酸、胆汁酸衍生物和色氨酸代谢物。这些代谢物对肠道平衡至关重要,影响着肠道屏障功能、免疫反应、能量代谢、抗炎过程、脂质消化以及肠道炎症的调节。本综述概述了典型生物活性化合物对肠道微生物群的调节作用,并探讨了特定微生物群衍生代谢物与整体健康之间的联系。我们将讨论饮食干预如何通过涉及这些代谢物的机制影响疾病的发生和发展。我们研究了生物活性化合物及其代谢物在预防和治疗炎症性肠病、结直肠癌、心血管疾病、肥胖症和 2 型糖尿病等疾病中的作用。这项研究为疾病预防提供了新的见解,并强调了通过饮食调节肠道微生物群作为改善健康策略的潜力。
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Reinventing gut health: leveraging dietary bioactive compounds for the prevention and treatment of diseases.

The human gut harbors a complex and diverse microbiota essential for maintaining health. Diet is the most significant modifiable factor influencing gut microbiota composition and function, particularly through bioactive compounds like polyphenols, dietary fibers, and carotenoids found in vegetables, fruits, seafood, coffee, and green tea. These compounds regulate the gut microbiota by promoting beneficial bacteria and suppressing harmful ones, leading to the production of key microbiota-derived metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, bile acid derivatives, and tryptophan metabolites. These metabolites are crucial for gut homeostasis, influencing gut barrier function, immune responses, energy metabolism, anti-inflammatory processes, lipid digestion, and modulation of gut inflammation. This review outlines the regulatory impact of typical bioactive compounds on the gut microbiota and explores the connection between specific microbiota-derived metabolites and overall health. We discuss how dietary interventions can affect disease development and progression through mechanisms involving these metabolites. We examine the roles of bioactive compounds and their metabolites in the prevention and treatment of diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study provides new insights into disease prevention and underscores the potential of dietary modulation of the gut microbiota as a strategy for improving health.

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来源期刊
Frontiers in Nutrition
Frontiers in Nutrition Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
8.00%
发文量
2891
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: No subject pertains more to human life than nutrition. The aim of Frontiers in Nutrition is to integrate major scientific disciplines in this vast field in order to address the most relevant and pertinent questions and developments. Our ambition is to create an integrated podium based on original research, clinical trials, and contemporary reviews to build a reputable knowledge forum in the domains of human health, dietary behaviors, agronomy & 21st century food science. Through the recognized open-access Frontiers platform we welcome manuscripts to our dedicated sections relating to different areas in the field of nutrition with a focus on human health. Specialty sections in Frontiers in Nutrition include, for example, Clinical Nutrition, Nutrition & Sustainable Diets, Nutrition and Food Science Technology, Nutrition Methodology, Sport & Exercise Nutrition, Food Chemistry, and Nutritional Immunology. Based on the publication of rigorous scientific research, we thrive to achieve a visible impact on the global nutrition agenda addressing the grand challenges of our time, including obesity, malnutrition, hunger, food waste, sustainability and consumer health.
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