Effect of MnO2 content on the growth and electric properties of <110>c-oriented 0.85(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.15BaTiO3 single crystals fabricated by solid-state crystal growth method

<110>_c-oriented 0.85(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃-0.15BaTiO₃ + x wt%MnO₂ (x = 0 – 0.5) single crystals were fabricated by a solid-state crystal growth method, and the effect of the MnO₂ content on crystal growth and electric properties were investigated. Single crystals with a size of about 2 mm×3 mm×0.4 mm were obtained at x = 0 – 0.1. The temperature dependence of the dielectric properties of the single crystals at x = 0 – 0.1 revealed depolarization temperatures of 218 – 220 ˚C and the temperatures of the maximum dielectric constant of 254 – 261 ˚C. At x = 0.1, a ferroelectric polarization – electric field loop and a strain – electric field curve were observed, and the piezoelectric constant d₃₃ was 118 pC/N. The d₃₃ value was larger than to that of reported <110>_c-oriented ceramics but smaller than <001>_c-oriented ceramics, which suggested that 0.85(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃-0.15BaTiO₃ was an extender ferroelectric material.