Ultrasonic synthesis of MOF-based hybrid composite for electrochemical detection of furazolidone antibiotic in food and biological samples

This study reveals the development of a new combination of Bi-MOF/ functionalized carbon nanofiber (f-CNF) composite modified electrode for the electrochemical sensing of Furazolidone (FUZ) antibiotics. FUZ is used to prevent bacterial infections in animals, and an overdose of FUZ leads to several health issues. Bi-MOF/f-CNF provide excellent surface area, high conductivity, and electrocatalytic activity for the effective detection of FUZ. Various characterization techniques were used to analyze the structural, morphological and compositional properties of Bi-MOF/f-CNF. The fabricated composite coated onto glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and rotating disk glassy carbon electrode (RDGCE) to study its electrocatalytic behavior using different voltammetry techniques. Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) analysis of the electrode material confirmed its high electroactive surface area, low charge transfer resistance, and excellent charge transfer ability. The electrochemical quantification of FUZ was performed using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and amperometric (i-t) techniques. The linear range, limit of detection (LOD) and sensitivity are 0.199 to 238 μM, 20.8 nM and 43.99 μA μM⁻¹ cm⁻², respectively, as determined by the DPV technique. Additionally, the LOD, linear range and sensitivity were obtained as 3.64 nM, 0.002 to 700 μM and 0.827 μA μM⁻¹ cm⁻², respectively using i-t quantification technique. The invented electrode material exhibits better stability in the presence of other interference molecules and it shows good repeatability and reproducibility for the detection of FUZ. Due to the excellent analytical properties, the Bi-MOF/f-CNF modified electrode could be the potential contender for the electrochemical detection of FUZ in the real samples.