Ziyu Shao,Zeye Wang,Weiwei Gao,Qianming Chen,Hao Bai
Soft materials like hydrogels hold great promise for biomedical and engineering applications. While various strengthening and toughening methods have been developed, they often produce anisotropic structures or require specific liquid conditions to maintain enhanced mechanical properties. Inspired by the hierarchical collagen architecture of articular cartilage, we report here a biomimetic multilayer fibrous hydrogel that overcomes these limitations. Through controlled stacking of aligned fibrous monolayers, we create a hierarchical structure exhibiting exceptional isotropic mechanical properties while maintaining full functionality, regardless of liquid environments. Additionally, our hydrogel demonstrates remarkable crack resistance under both static and cyclic loading conditions, sustaining 10,000 loading cycles without structural degradation. Our work establishes a generalized framework for designing hydrogels with isotropically high mechanical performance and structural durability without dependence on specific liquid environments, opening new possibilities for load-bearing applications in biomedical devices and soft robotics where both mechanical reliability and aqueous stability are essential.
{"title":"Isotropically Robust Hydrogel with Biomimetic Multilayer Fibrous Architecture","authors":"Ziyu Shao,Zeye Wang,Weiwei Gao,Qianming Chen,Hao Bai","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c25801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c25801","url":null,"abstract":"Soft materials like hydrogels hold great promise for biomedical and engineering applications. While various strengthening and toughening methods have been developed, they often produce anisotropic structures or require specific liquid conditions to maintain enhanced mechanical properties. Inspired by the hierarchical collagen architecture of articular cartilage, we report here a biomimetic multilayer fibrous hydrogel that overcomes these limitations. Through controlled stacking of aligned fibrous monolayers, we create a hierarchical structure exhibiting exceptional isotropic mechanical properties while maintaining full functionality, regardless of liquid environments. Additionally, our hydrogel demonstrates remarkable crack resistance under both static and cyclic loading conditions, sustaining 10,000 loading cycles without structural degradation. Our work establishes a generalized framework for designing hydrogels with isotropically high mechanical performance and structural durability without dependence on specific liquid environments, opening new possibilities for load-bearing applications in biomedical devices and soft robotics where both mechanical reliability and aqueous stability are essential.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although α-Sn exhibits a rich topological phase diagram, experimental techniques for both manipulation and unambiguous discrimination of its phases in the (110) orientation are still lacking. Here, we investigate the epitaxial growth of α-Sn thin films on CdTe(110) substrates and their thickness-dependent topological properties using helicity-dependent photocurrent (HDPC). High-quality α-Sn films were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and characterized by reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The HDPC of the 5 nm α-Sn film shows an odd-function dependence on incident angle, whereas that of the 10 and 30 nm films exhibits an even-function dependence. The contributions of the circular photogalvanic effect (CPGE) and the circular photon drag effect (CPDE) to the HPDC are clearly identified. Combined with HDPC measurements under front and back illuminations, point-group symmetry analysis, and first-principles calculations, we reveal that a thickness-driven topological phase transition from a two-dimensional (2D) to a three-dimensional (3D) topological insulator occurs between 5 and 10 nm. This transition is attributed to the interplay of quantum tunneling-mediated coupling of surface states and quantum confinement effects under in-plane compressive strain. These results establish HDPC as a sensitive diagnostic for topological phase transitions and highlight the potential of α-Sn(110) films as a tunable platform for exploring topological phenomena, paving the way for advanced spin-based devices.
{"title":"Light Helicity as a Probe for Thickness-Controlled Topological States in α-Sn/CdTe(110) Heterostructures","authors":"Tengfei Liu,Xiyu Hong,Zhe Li,Shenzhong Chen,Leyi Li,Xinyi Tang,Shuying Cheng,Yunfeng Lai,Yonghai Chen,Zhu Diao,Ke He,Qi-Kun Xue,Jinling Yu","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c25116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c25116","url":null,"abstract":"Although α-Sn exhibits a rich topological phase diagram, experimental techniques for both manipulation and unambiguous discrimination of its phases in the (110) orientation are still lacking. Here, we investigate the epitaxial growth of α-Sn thin films on CdTe(110) substrates and their thickness-dependent topological properties using helicity-dependent photocurrent (HDPC). High-quality α-Sn films were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and characterized by reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The HDPC of the 5 nm α-Sn film shows an odd-function dependence on incident angle, whereas that of the 10 and 30 nm films exhibits an even-function dependence. The contributions of the circular photogalvanic effect (CPGE) and the circular photon drag effect (CPDE) to the HPDC are clearly identified. Combined with HDPC measurements under front and back illuminations, point-group symmetry analysis, and first-principles calculations, we reveal that a thickness-driven topological phase transition from a two-dimensional (2D) to a three-dimensional (3D) topological insulator occurs between 5 and 10 nm. This transition is attributed to the interplay of quantum tunneling-mediated coupling of surface states and quantum confinement effects under in-plane compressive strain. These results establish HDPC as a sensitive diagnostic for topological phase transitions and highlight the potential of α-Sn(110) films as a tunable platform for exploring topological phenomena, paving the way for advanced spin-based devices.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rapid development toward integration and miniaturization in microelectronic devices has triggered the urgent need for thermal interface materials (TIMs) with high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation. To be compatible with the rigidity of the electronic components and the heatsinks, it is imperative to synthesize high-performance TIMs that offer both excellent thermal conduction performance and flexibility, which remains a challenge. Here, we report the synthesis of flexible TIMs based on directionally assembled boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a binder. The BNNSs are produced by rapid quenching and ultrasound-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation, with a yield of up to 41%. Polyhexamethylguanidine hydrochloride (PHMG) acts as a bridge to connect the BNNS and PVA, thus improving the interfacial compatibility of the BNNS/PVA composites. Both theoretical simulation and experimental results suggest that the directional alignment of BNNSs with a high diameter-to-thickness ratio allows high thermal conductivity in both in-plane (23.6 W m–1 K–1) and through-plane (10.07 W m–1 K–1) directions. Using it as TIMs for LED chips, the device temperature can be significantly reduced by 15 °C. In addition to the excellent flame-retardant properties and wave transmission, the composite film exhibits extreme stability after thermal and cold shock cycles. This work provides a rational design for the thermal management of high-power-density electronic devices.
{"title":"High-Thermal-Conductivity Flexible Boron Nitride Composite Films Enabled by the Directional Arrangement of Nanosheet Assemblies","authors":"Xin Li,Xinyu Zhao,Min Gou,Zhongyuan Han,Xiaolu Sha,Le Chen,Xin Hu,Jinling Gao,Ze Long,Xiyue Li,Kexiong Zhang,Wei Gao,Haoran Ma,Hongwei Liang,Hong Yin","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c25800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c25800","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid development toward integration and miniaturization in microelectronic devices has triggered the urgent need for thermal interface materials (TIMs) with high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation. To be compatible with the rigidity of the electronic components and the heatsinks, it is imperative to synthesize high-performance TIMs that offer both excellent thermal conduction performance and flexibility, which remains a challenge. Here, we report the synthesis of flexible TIMs based on directionally assembled boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a binder. The BNNSs are produced by rapid quenching and ultrasound-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation, with a yield of up to 41%. Polyhexamethylguanidine hydrochloride (PHMG) acts as a bridge to connect the BNNS and PVA, thus improving the interfacial compatibility of the BNNS/PVA composites. Both theoretical simulation and experimental results suggest that the directional alignment of BNNSs with a high diameter-to-thickness ratio allows high thermal conductivity in both in-plane (23.6 W m–1 K–1) and through-plane (10.07 W m–1 K–1) directions. Using it as TIMs for LED chips, the device temperature can be significantly reduced by 15 °C. In addition to the excellent flame-retardant properties and wave transmission, the composite film exhibits extreme stability after thermal and cold shock cycles. This work provides a rational design for the thermal management of high-power-density electronic devices.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dental caries, caused by oral cariogenic bacteria, underscore the critical importance of early diagnosis for effective prevention and treatment. The identification of oral cariogenic bacteria depends on the development of the recognition elements. In this work, coaggregation between bacteria has been subtly mined for exploration of the recognition elements, which has been further used to construct a colorimetric sensor array for the identification of nine oral cariogenic bacteria. Three fermentative bacteria (Kocuria sp. RXG-8, Bacillus sp. 7578-18, and Bacillus sp. LTZ-12) can coaggregate with the cariogenic bacteria to varying degrees, and they are covalently conjugated with single-atom nanozymes. Compared with free fermentative bacteria, nanozymes modified by fermentative bacteria show significantly enhanced coaggregation stability with cariogenic bacteria. Coaggregation recognition obviously adjusts the oxidase-like activities of nanozymes, which serves for the identification of cariogenic bacteria. Subsequently, fermentative bacterium-modified nanozymes have been further exploited to construct a colorimetric sensor array, and linear discriminant analysis is employed to create unique fingerprints for each cariogenic bacterium. The constructed colorimetric sensor array can be successfully applied not only for the identification of nine oral cariogenic bacteria but also for the discrimination of saliva samples from healthy and caries-affected children. This work offers an alternative strategy to develop recognition elements and a potential tool for the early diagnosis and prevention of dental caries.
{"title":"Coaggregation Strengthened Nanozymes for the Identification of Oral Cariogenic Bacteria","authors":"Zhangli Yu,Heting Chen,Yuan Zhang,Zhaoyan Wu,Daixin Ye,Lili Niu,Juan Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acsami.6c00693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6c00693","url":null,"abstract":"Dental caries, caused by oral cariogenic bacteria, underscore the critical importance of early diagnosis for effective prevention and treatment. The identification of oral cariogenic bacteria depends on the development of the recognition elements. In this work, coaggregation between bacteria has been subtly mined for exploration of the recognition elements, which has been further used to construct a colorimetric sensor array for the identification of nine oral cariogenic bacteria. Three fermentative bacteria (Kocuria sp. RXG-8, Bacillus sp. 7578-18, and Bacillus sp. LTZ-12) can coaggregate with the cariogenic bacteria to varying degrees, and they are covalently conjugated with single-atom nanozymes. Compared with free fermentative bacteria, nanozymes modified by fermentative bacteria show significantly enhanced coaggregation stability with cariogenic bacteria. Coaggregation recognition obviously adjusts the oxidase-like activities of nanozymes, which serves for the identification of cariogenic bacteria. Subsequently, fermentative bacterium-modified nanozymes have been further exploited to construct a colorimetric sensor array, and linear discriminant analysis is employed to create unique fingerprints for each cariogenic bacterium. The constructed colorimetric sensor array can be successfully applied not only for the identification of nine oral cariogenic bacteria but also for the discrimination of saliva samples from healthy and caries-affected children. This work offers an alternative strategy to develop recognition elements and a potential tool for the early diagnosis and prevention of dental caries.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yiyang Zhang,Di Cui,Yachong Guo,Fuhua Yan,Qing Zhou,Wei Wang
MXenes, thin, two-dimensional materials composed of transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, exhibit unique properties due to their layered morphology. Notably, their hydrophilic surfaces contrast with a hydrophobic core, rendering them promising for applications in drug delivery, antibacterial coatings, and tissue regeneration. Here, we explore the mechanisms of MXene transmembrane translocation, a process crucial for biomedical applications, focusing on the interaction of MXenes with lipid bilayers. We employed single-chain mean field (SCMF) theory and all-atom (AA) simulations to analyze the energy barriers and structural dynamics during MXene translocation. Our findings reveal that the orientation and effective core hydrophobicity of MXene are pivotal in inducing an MXene-proximal local order–disorder transition in the membrane core (hereafter termed a “local phase transition”), which facilitates translocation. Specifically, perpendicular insertion relative to the bilayer surface, combined with strong hydrophobic interactions, promotes the formation of transient pores, enabling the escape of lipid-wrapped MXene flakes. Conversely, parallel orientation tends to embed MXene within the bilayer. These insights not only deepen our understanding of MXene–lipid interactions but also inform the design of MXene-based systems for targeted therapeutic delivery and cellular interactions.
{"title":"Passive Translocation of MXene: Balancing Hydrophobicity and Orientation in Initiating Local Phase Transition","authors":"Yiyang Zhang,Di Cui,Yachong Guo,Fuhua Yan,Qing Zhou,Wei Wang","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c25605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c25605","url":null,"abstract":"MXenes, thin, two-dimensional materials composed of transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, exhibit unique properties due to their layered morphology. Notably, their hydrophilic surfaces contrast with a hydrophobic core, rendering them promising for applications in drug delivery, antibacterial coatings, and tissue regeneration. Here, we explore the mechanisms of MXene transmembrane translocation, a process crucial for biomedical applications, focusing on the interaction of MXenes with lipid bilayers. We employed single-chain mean field (SCMF) theory and all-atom (AA) simulations to analyze the energy barriers and structural dynamics during MXene translocation. Our findings reveal that the orientation and effective core hydrophobicity of MXene are pivotal in inducing an MXene-proximal local order–disorder transition in the membrane core (hereafter termed a “local phase transition”), which facilitates translocation. Specifically, perpendicular insertion relative to the bilayer surface, combined with strong hydrophobic interactions, promotes the formation of transient pores, enabling the escape of lipid-wrapped MXene flakes. Conversely, parallel orientation tends to embed MXene within the bilayer. These insights not only deepen our understanding of MXene–lipid interactions but also inform the design of MXene-based systems for targeted therapeutic delivery and cellular interactions.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Infrared (IR) photodetectors are crucial for a range of applications, including night vision, optical communication, and environmental monitoring. However, their effectiveness is often hindered by low charge transport and interfacial losses in colloidal quantum dot (CQD)-based designs. MXenes, known for their high metallic conductivity, adjustable surface terminations, and excellent optical transparency, present a unique opportunity to improve interfaces for better optoelectronic performance. In this work, Ti3C2Tx MXene via interface engineering for PbS CQD IR photodetectors, in which it functions as an electrode, transport layer, and interfacial modifier is systematically investigated. As a result, an ultrahigh responsivity of 1032.37 A/W with a specific detectivity of 1.12 × 1013 Jones and an external quantum efficiency of 1.311 × 105 % are obtained from photodetector ITO/ZnO/Ti3C2Tx/PbS/MoO3/Ti3C2Tx under 1 μW/cm2 980 nm illumination. Our finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations further support and provide a physical basis for our experimental results, indicating that dual MXene incorporation significantly enhances optical field confinement and absorption within the PbS CQD layer. Thus, it illustrates that MXene-enabled interface engineering and optical coupling can establish an effective design paradigm for high-performance, solution-processed infrared photodetectors, effectively bridging the gap between quantum materials and practical optoelectronics.
{"title":"High-Performance Solution-Processed Quantum Dot Infrared Photodetectors via Interface Engineering with MXenes","authors":"Shafaat Hussain,Shengyi Yang,Ayesha Zia,Muhammad Qasim,Bingsuo Zou,Yurong Jiang","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c25535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c25535","url":null,"abstract":"Infrared (IR) photodetectors are crucial for a range of applications, including night vision, optical communication, and environmental monitoring. However, their effectiveness is often hindered by low charge transport and interfacial losses in colloidal quantum dot (CQD)-based designs. MXenes, known for their high metallic conductivity, adjustable surface terminations, and excellent optical transparency, present a unique opportunity to improve interfaces for better optoelectronic performance. In this work, Ti3C2Tx MXene via interface engineering for PbS CQD IR photodetectors, in which it functions as an electrode, transport layer, and interfacial modifier is systematically investigated. As a result, an ultrahigh responsivity of 1032.37 A/W with a specific detectivity of 1.12 × 1013 Jones and an external quantum efficiency of 1.311 × 105 % are obtained from photodetector ITO/ZnO/Ti3C2Tx/PbS/MoO3/Ti3C2Tx under 1 μW/cm2 980 nm illumination. Our finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations further support and provide a physical basis for our experimental results, indicating that dual MXene incorporation significantly enhances optical field confinement and absorption within the PbS CQD layer. Thus, it illustrates that MXene-enabled interface engineering and optical coupling can establish an effective design paradigm for high-performance, solution-processed infrared photodetectors, effectively bridging the gap between quantum materials and practical optoelectronics.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morphology, which affects the dissociation of excitons and charge transport, determines the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). Solid additives provide a powerful strategy for improving the molecular packing and fine-tuning the blend morphology. However, current research on additives has primarily focused on those with large dipole moments. Studies on quadrupolar solid additives remain limited, and the potential mechanisms by which the quadrupole moment influences the morphology of the active layer and device performance remain insufficiently understood. Herein, we designed and synthesized the quadrupole solid additive 2,5-di(thiophen-2-yl)pyrazine (M3) to explore its effect on the performance of the OSCs. The M3 molecule exhibits a planar configuration with a net dipole moment of zero while exhibiting a significant quadrupole moment along the π–π stacking direction (Qzz = −108.35 D), which enhances intermolecular interactions. M3 effectively modulates molecular aggregation and packing, influences crystallization behavior, and thereby optimizes the nanoscale morphology and facilitates efficient charge transfer. Consequently, M3-treated PM6:BTP-eC9 devices obtained a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.16%. Impressively, the PM6:BTP-eC9:L8-BO devices processed with M3 achieve an outstanding PCE of 19.62%. This work provides valuable insights into the design of quadrupolar solid additives and elucidates the potential working mechanism for optimizing the morphology and device performance through quadrupolar solid additive engineering.
{"title":"Quadrupole Solid Additive Engineering-Induced Interactions with Both a Donor and an Acceptor Enable Organic Solar Cells Achieving 19.6% Efficiency","authors":"Yawei Miao,Qun Li,Tingting Xue,Shuai Zhang,Fei Zhao,Yunxiang Tang,Yaowei Zhu,Zhenyong Wang,Huajun Xu,Long Pang,Lingheng Kong,Aihuan Sun,Yinfeng Han,Chuantao Gu","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c26188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c26188","url":null,"abstract":"Morphology, which affects the dissociation of excitons and charge transport, determines the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). Solid additives provide a powerful strategy for improving the molecular packing and fine-tuning the blend morphology. However, current research on additives has primarily focused on those with large dipole moments. Studies on quadrupolar solid additives remain limited, and the potential mechanisms by which the quadrupole moment influences the morphology of the active layer and device performance remain insufficiently understood. Herein, we designed and synthesized the quadrupole solid additive 2,5-di(thiophen-2-yl)pyrazine (M3) to explore its effect on the performance of the OSCs. The M3 molecule exhibits a planar configuration with a net dipole moment of zero while exhibiting a significant quadrupole moment along the π–π stacking direction (Qzz = −108.35 D), which enhances intermolecular interactions. M3 effectively modulates molecular aggregation and packing, influences crystallization behavior, and thereby optimizes the nanoscale morphology and facilitates efficient charge transfer. Consequently, M3-treated PM6:BTP-eC9 devices obtained a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.16%. Impressively, the PM6:BTP-eC9:L8-BO devices processed with M3 achieve an outstanding PCE of 19.62%. This work provides valuable insights into the design of quadrupolar solid additives and elucidates the potential working mechanism for optimizing the morphology and device performance through quadrupolar solid additive engineering.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinyu Liu,Alexander F. Simafranca,Julia Chang,Diego Garcia Vidales,Kara Lo,Yutong Wu,Benjamin J. Schwartz,Yves Rubin,Sarah H. Tolbert
The chemical doping of water-soluble conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) offers a promising pathway for the direct printing of semiconducting polymer films by using environmentally friendly solvents. In this study, we explored the chemical doping of the cationic cylindrical micelle-forming CPE poly(cyclopentadithiophene-alt-thiophene) (PCT-NBr) in aqueous solution using two Fe(III)-halide dopants, FeCl3 and FeBr3. Treatment with nonoxidizing salts (KCl and KBr) showed that polymer micelles preferentially interact with Br– ions over Cl– ions, resulting in a more rigid micelle and spectroscopic evidence of Br– ion accumulation around the polymer. Doping with both FeCl3 and FeBr3 was followed using UV-visible-near IR absorption spectroscopy, which indicated that the polymer micelles could be stably doped with both iron compounds. FeCl3 was shown to be a stronger dopant due to differences in the lability of Cl– and Br– ligands in water. Compared at similar concentrations, FeCl3 induces higher doping levels, while FeBr3 generates more delocalized charge carriers, as evidenced by spectral shifts in the polaronic bands, likely due to weaker counterion Coulombic trapping. Small-angle X-ray scattering was used to confirm that a micellar structure was preserved at all doping levels of PCT-NBr, but the data also indicate increased structural disorder in doped polymer micelles, likely due to partial loss of the polymer’s amphiphilic character and ion–polymer interactions. Films spin-cast directly from FeBr3-doped polymer solutions exhibited a stable conductivity of 1.0 S/cm, demonstrating the viability of using doped micellar CPE solutions as a route to single-step deposition of conductive polymer films.
{"title":"Exploring the Chemical Doping of a Water-Soluble Cylindrical Micelle-Forming Conjugated Polyelectrolyte","authors":"Xinyu Liu,Alexander F. Simafranca,Julia Chang,Diego Garcia Vidales,Kara Lo,Yutong Wu,Benjamin J. Schwartz,Yves Rubin,Sarah H. Tolbert","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c24820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c24820","url":null,"abstract":"The chemical doping of water-soluble conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) offers a promising pathway for the direct printing of semiconducting polymer films by using environmentally friendly solvents. In this study, we explored the chemical doping of the cationic cylindrical micelle-forming CPE poly(cyclopentadithiophene-alt-thiophene) (PCT-NBr) in aqueous solution using two Fe(III)-halide dopants, FeCl3 and FeBr3. Treatment with nonoxidizing salts (KCl and KBr) showed that polymer micelles preferentially interact with Br– ions over Cl– ions, resulting in a more rigid micelle and spectroscopic evidence of Br– ion accumulation around the polymer. Doping with both FeCl3 and FeBr3 was followed using UV-visible-near IR absorption spectroscopy, which indicated that the polymer micelles could be stably doped with both iron compounds. FeCl3 was shown to be a stronger dopant due to differences in the lability of Cl– and Br– ligands in water. Compared at similar concentrations, FeCl3 induces higher doping levels, while FeBr3 generates more delocalized charge carriers, as evidenced by spectral shifts in the polaronic bands, likely due to weaker counterion Coulombic trapping. Small-angle X-ray scattering was used to confirm that a micellar structure was preserved at all doping levels of PCT-NBr, but the data also indicate increased structural disorder in doped polymer micelles, likely due to partial loss of the polymer’s amphiphilic character and ion–polymer interactions. Films spin-cast directly from FeBr3-doped polymer solutions exhibited a stable conductivity of 1.0 S/cm, demonstrating the viability of using doped micellar CPE solutions as a route to single-step deposition of conductive polymer films.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vu Thi Tuyet Thuy,Lam Tan Hao,Hyo Jeong Kim,Dominik Voll,Patrick Theato
Water presents a fundamental challenge for tissue adhesives, requiring both the removal of bulk water and the interfacial hydration layer to achieve robust adhesion. Most marine-organism-inspired phenolic adhesives fail to meet key requirements for clinical use, including rapid, strong adhesion under physiological conditions, long-term stability, and scalable fabrication. Herein, we report a scalable guanidinium-functionalized double-sided tape (Gd+-DST) incorporating tannic acid that acts as a cross-linker and a phenolic adhesive component. This DST adheres within 5 s and achieves a record-high wet adhesion on porcine skin with interfacial toughness up to 1200 J m–2 and shear strength up to 210 kPa after being underwater for 24 h. This performance arises from a synergistic mechanism: the Gd+-DST matrix rapidly absorbs and removes bulk water while suppressing swelling via chain rearrangement, and guanidinium-mediated multifaceted interactions and chaotropic properties promote interfacial dehydration and hydrophobic reorganization. These processes enable spontaneous, time-dependent adhesion reinforcement without external stimuli. Our Gd+-DST is flexible and biocompatible and gradually disintegrates under physiological conditions while also serving as a platform for drug loading and delivery. This study establishes a practical, multifunctional underwater adhesive with clinical relevance and offers molecular-level insights into water removal adhesion mechanisms.
{"title":"Guanidinium-Functionalized Double-Sided Tape as a Robust Tissue Adhesive Combining Bulk Water Clearance and Interfacial Dehydration","authors":"Vu Thi Tuyet Thuy,Lam Tan Hao,Hyo Jeong Kim,Dominik Voll,Patrick Theato","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c24574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c24574","url":null,"abstract":"Water presents a fundamental challenge for tissue adhesives, requiring both the removal of bulk water and the interfacial hydration layer to achieve robust adhesion. Most marine-organism-inspired phenolic adhesives fail to meet key requirements for clinical use, including rapid, strong adhesion under physiological conditions, long-term stability, and scalable fabrication. Herein, we report a scalable guanidinium-functionalized double-sided tape (Gd+-DST) incorporating tannic acid that acts as a cross-linker and a phenolic adhesive component. This DST adheres within 5 s and achieves a record-high wet adhesion on porcine skin with interfacial toughness up to 1200 J m–2 and shear strength up to 210 kPa after being underwater for 24 h. This performance arises from a synergistic mechanism: the Gd+-DST matrix rapidly absorbs and removes bulk water while suppressing swelling via chain rearrangement, and guanidinium-mediated multifaceted interactions and chaotropic properties promote interfacial dehydration and hydrophobic reorganization. These processes enable spontaneous, time-dependent adhesion reinforcement without external stimuli. Our Gd+-DST is flexible and biocompatible and gradually disintegrates under physiological conditions while also serving as a platform for drug loading and delivery. This study establishes a practical, multifunctional underwater adhesive with clinical relevance and offers molecular-level insights into water removal adhesion mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qingyi Li,Yuan Zhou,Yakun Zong,Pengfei Tan,Xiaofei Wang,Yuanzhang Jiang,Lin Tan
Microbial contamination in multidose ophthalmic drops primarily arises from bacteria surface adhesion and liquid backflow during use and storage. Traditional solutions relying on chemical preservatives or single-dose packaging face limitations concerning biocompatibility, environmental sustainability, and high cost. Therefore, the development of a bottle cap membrane that prevents backflow and bacterial contamination is crucial and highly meaningful. In this work, a series of cotton/polyurethane Janus composite membranes with unidirectional liquid transport, antibacterial, and bacteria-blocking functions were prepared by electrospinning and hot pressing technology. Remarkably, the structure of this composite membrane shows stable and excellent unidirectional liquid transport, with its one-way transport capacity (R) reaching grade 4 and its overall moisture management capacity (OMMC) reaching grade 5 (AATCC 195-2017). In addition, even after 50 times of washing, because polylysine (PL) is firmly fixed on cotton, the antibacterial rate of this composite membrane against S. aureus and E. coli still exceeds 99.9%. Moreover, depending on its micropore structure, its bacteria-blocking rate against S. aureus reached 99.4%, and its bacteria-blocking rate against E. coli also reached 76.9%. In addition to this, the composite membrane exhibits excellent biocompatibility, with a cell compatibility exceeding 75% and hemolysis below 5%. Collectively, this work provides a reliable solution to solve the problem of microbial pollution in the packaging of drug eye drops.
{"title":"A Dual-Layer Biomimetic Membrane with Unidirectional Liquid Transport, Intrinsic Antibacterial, and Bacteria-Blocking Properties for Ophthalmic Drops Filtration","authors":"Qingyi Li,Yuan Zhou,Yakun Zong,Pengfei Tan,Xiaofei Wang,Yuanzhang Jiang,Lin Tan","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c24695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c24695","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial contamination in multidose ophthalmic drops primarily arises from bacteria surface adhesion and liquid backflow during use and storage. Traditional solutions relying on chemical preservatives or single-dose packaging face limitations concerning biocompatibility, environmental sustainability, and high cost. Therefore, the development of a bottle cap membrane that prevents backflow and bacterial contamination is crucial and highly meaningful. In this work, a series of cotton/polyurethane Janus composite membranes with unidirectional liquid transport, antibacterial, and bacteria-blocking functions were prepared by electrospinning and hot pressing technology. Remarkably, the structure of this composite membrane shows stable and excellent unidirectional liquid transport, with its one-way transport capacity (R) reaching grade 4 and its overall moisture management capacity (OMMC) reaching grade 5 (AATCC 195-2017). In addition, even after 50 times of washing, because polylysine (PL) is firmly fixed on cotton, the antibacterial rate of this composite membrane against S. aureus and E. coli still exceeds 99.9%. Moreover, depending on its micropore structure, its bacteria-blocking rate against S. aureus reached 99.4%, and its bacteria-blocking rate against E. coli also reached 76.9%. In addition to this, the composite membrane exhibits excellent biocompatibility, with a cell compatibility exceeding 75% and hemolysis below 5%. Collectively, this work provides a reliable solution to solve the problem of microbial pollution in the packaging of drug eye drops.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：