Aditya Yadav, Zhou Fang, Yuxin Wang, Kangqiang Qiu, Adrian Tan, Zihan Tang, Xiang Zhang, Baohua Ji, Dechang Li, Jiajie Diao
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their unique properties and their wide-range applicability. However, alongside these promising applications, concerns regarding the potential toxicity of CNTs have emerged. In this context, through this work, we have attempted to explore the nanotoxic effect of CNTs over endoplasmic reticular (ER). Using structure illumination and transmission electron microscopies, we unveiled that during endocytosis processes, CNTs form clusters, which lead to fragmentation of the ER structure by puncturing them, thereby inducing potential nanotoxicity. In addition, RNA sequencing data showed that after incubation with CNTs, activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), a gene responsible for ER stress, was found to be up-regulated. To explore the molecular mechanism, we employed molecular dynamics and coarse-grained simulations and found that clustering of CNTs can significantly increase the speed of lipid extraction, resulting in severe damage.
{"title":"Clustered Carbon Nanotubes Damage Endoplasmic Reticulum","authors":"Aditya Yadav, Zhou Fang, Yuxin Wang, Kangqiang Qiu, Adrian Tan, Zihan Tang, Xiang Zhang, Baohua Ji, Dechang Li, Jiajie Diao","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c03796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c03796","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their unique properties and their wide-range applicability. However, alongside these promising applications, concerns regarding the potential toxicity of CNTs have emerged. In this context, through this work, we have attempted to explore the nanotoxic effect of CNTs over endoplasmic reticular (ER). Using structure illumination and transmission electron microscopies, we unveiled that during endocytosis processes, CNTs form clusters, which lead to fragmentation of the ER structure by puncturing them, thereby inducing potential nanotoxicity. In addition, RNA sequencing data showed that after incubation with CNTs, activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), a gene responsible for ER stress, was found to be up-regulated. To explore the molecular mechanism, we employed molecular dynamics and coarse-grained simulations and found that clustering of CNTs can significantly increase the speed of lipid extraction, resulting in severe damage.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stretchable electronics face the challenge of long-term stable operation, and one of the difficulties is that the core component electrodes maintain a high conductivity under multiple stretchable deformations. To address this issue, we propose a highly fatigue-resistant stretchable metal film electrode, which consists of a platinum nanofilm prebent into regular microconvex stripes on the surface of an elastomeric material. The electrical conductivity of the stretchable electrode is 4.1 × 105 S/m and maintains stability after 10,000 stretch–release cycles at 40% strain. Compared with the conventional metal film electrode with a randomly wavy shape, the microconvex stripe-shaped platinum nanofilm significantly suppresses the strain concentration and the crack propagation of the nanofilm during the stretch–release cycles, resulting in the resistance after 1000 cycles being half that of conventional electrodes. The pressure sensor, based on the proposed electrode, has been shown to possess excellent fatigue resistance with only a 4% change in sensitivity after fatigue. The stretchable electrode based on a microconvex stripe-shaped platinum nanofilm on the elastomer provides an innovative solution for the long-term stable operation of stretchable electronics.
{"title":"Highly Fatigue-Resistant Stretchable Electrodes Based on Regular Stripe-Shaped Platinum Nanofilm","authors":"Yifei Huang, Yujun Deng, Peiyun Yi, Linfa Peng","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c04159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c04159","url":null,"abstract":"Stretchable electronics face the challenge of long-term stable operation, and one of the difficulties is that the core component electrodes maintain a high conductivity under multiple stretchable deformations. To address this issue, we propose a highly fatigue-resistant stretchable metal film electrode, which consists of a platinum nanofilm prebent into regular microconvex stripes on the surface of an elastomeric material. The electrical conductivity of the stretchable electrode is 4.1 × 10<sup>5</sup> S/m and maintains stability after 10,000 stretch–release cycles at 40% strain. Compared with the conventional metal film electrode with a randomly wavy shape, the microconvex stripe-shaped platinum nanofilm significantly suppresses the strain concentration and the crack propagation of the nanofilm during the stretch–release cycles, resulting in the resistance after 1000 cycles being half that of conventional electrodes. The pressure sensor, based on the proposed electrode, has been shown to possess excellent fatigue resistance with only a 4% change in sensitivity after fatigue. The stretchable electrode based on a microconvex stripe-shaped platinum nanofilm on the elastomer provides an innovative solution for the long-term stable operation of stretchable electronics.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Nyáry, Zoltán Balogh, Botond Sánta, György Lázár, Nadia Jimenez Olalla, Juerg Leuthold, Miklós Csontos, András Halbritter
Reproducibility, endurance, driftless data retention, and fine resolution of the programmable conductance weights are key technological requirements against memristive artificial synapses in neural network applications. However, the inherent fluctuations in the active volume impose severe constraints on the weight resolution. In order to understand and push these limits, a comprehensive noise benchmarking and noise reduction protocol is introduced. Our approach goes beyond the measurement of steady-state readout noise levels and tracks the voltage-dependent noise characteristics all along the resistive switching I(V) curves. Furthermore, we investigate the tunability of the noise level by dedicated voltage cycling schemes in our filamentary Ta2O5 memristors. This analysis highlights a broad order-of-magnitude variability of the possible noise levels behind seemingly reproducible switching cycles. Our nonlinear noise spectroscopy measurements identify a subthreshold voltage region with voltage-boosted fluctuations. This voltage range enables the reconfiguration of the fluctuators without resistive switching, yielding a highly denoised state within a few subthreshold cycles.
{"title":"Benchmarking Stochasticity behind Reproducibility: Denoising Strategies in Ta2O5 Memristors","authors":"Anna Nyáry, Zoltán Balogh, Botond Sánta, György Lázár, Nadia Jimenez Olalla, Juerg Leuthold, Miklós Csontos, András Halbritter","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c00257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c00257","url":null,"abstract":"Reproducibility, endurance, driftless data retention, and fine resolution of the programmable conductance weights are key technological requirements against memristive artificial synapses in neural network applications. However, the inherent fluctuations in the active volume impose severe constraints on the weight resolution. In order to understand and push these limits, a comprehensive noise benchmarking and noise reduction protocol is introduced. Our approach goes beyond the measurement of steady-state readout noise levels and tracks the voltage-dependent noise characteristics all along the resistive switching <i>I</i>(<i>V</i>) curves. Furthermore, we investigate the tunability of the noise level by dedicated voltage cycling schemes in our filamentary Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> memristors. This analysis highlights a broad order-of-magnitude variability of the possible noise levels behind seemingly reproducible switching cycles. Our nonlinear noise spectroscopy measurements identify a subthreshold voltage region with voltage-boosted fluctuations. This voltage range enables the reconfiguration of the fluctuators without resistive switching, yielding a highly denoised state within a few subthreshold cycles.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ce Zhang, Wen Jiang, Yunjia Cui, Yating An, Lin Peng, Qiuxiang Yang, Jiandan Liang, Ning Wang, Xia Cao
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) offer new avenues for the development of sustainable energy conversion and self-powered smart devices, where new triboelectric materials with high dielectric constant may be the key for enhancing the surface charge density and output. In this study, different concentrations of barium titanate (BTO) nanoparticles are introduced into the polycarbonate (PC) matrix using the phase inversion technique. A high-performance TENG (PB-TENG) was then developed with a power density of 436 mW/m2 using the as-synthesized PC/BTO composite film as the positive triboelectric electrode material. Compared to PB-TENG at 0% BTO doping, the peak power density was increased by 153%. This enhancement of power output should be attributed to the synergistic effect of increased dielectric constant and surface roughness of the composite film. The Arrayed-Smart Bracelet (A-SB) is designed for health monitoring and motion recognition in swimming, offering high sensitivity, stability, and selectivity for self-powered water sports safety monitoring.
{"title":"Arrayed-Smart Bracelet with Dielectrically Enhanced Hydrophobicity for Swimming Instructions","authors":"Ce Zhang, Wen Jiang, Yunjia Cui, Yating An, Lin Peng, Qiuxiang Yang, Jiandan Liang, Ning Wang, Xia Cao","doi":"10.1021/acsami.4c22265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.4c22265","url":null,"abstract":"Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) offer new avenues for the development of sustainable energy conversion and self-powered smart devices, where new triboelectric materials with high dielectric constant may be the key for enhancing the surface charge density and output. In this study, different concentrations of barium titanate (BTO) nanoparticles are introduced into the polycarbonate (PC) matrix using the phase inversion technique. A high-performance TENG (PB-TENG) was then developed with a power density of 436 mW/m<sup>2</sup> using the as-synthesized PC/BTO composite film as the positive triboelectric electrode material. Compared to PB-TENG at 0% BTO doping, the peak power density was increased by 153%. This enhancement of power output should be attributed to the synergistic effect of increased dielectric constant and surface roughness of the composite film. The Arrayed-Smart Bracelet (A-SB) is designed for health monitoring and motion recognition in swimming, offering high sensitivity, stability, and selectivity for self-powered water sports safety monitoring.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Designed artificial synaptic transistors, which emulate the functions of biological synapses, are intended to achieve information processing and computation, showcasing their promise in advancing artificial intelligence. Herein, we propose a synaptic transistor composed of a partially reduced graphene oxide (prGO) channel and a Nafion electrolyte, operating based on electrochemical reactions of the prGO channel, which are assisted by protons through the Nafion electrolyte. After electrical reduction of a pristine GO channel to the prGO channel by sweeping the drain voltage, the transistor exhibits over 200 distinct conductance states under applications of short gate voltage pulses down to 500 μs width, giving rise to a low energy consumption of 10–50 pJ per gate pulse. Using highly linear and symmetric long-term potentiation and depression characteristics, an image recognition accuracy using an artificial neural network based on a two-layer perceptron model is calculated to be 90%. If gate current pulses are used, the image recognition accuracy further increases to 94%, because of the improved linearity and symmetry of the conductance change. The transistor also exhibits short-term plasticity, such as paired-pulse facilitation and spike-timing-dependent plasticity, with time ranges of less than a few tens of milliseconds. These superior synaptic properties of the Nafion/prGO transistors will offer a remarkable paradigm for the development of neuromorphic computation architectures.
{"title":"Sub-Millisecond and Energy-Efficient Electrochemical Synaptic Transistors with a Partially Reduced Graphene Oxide Channel","authors":"Samapika Mallik, Kazuya Terabe, Tohru Tsuruoka","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c01202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c01202","url":null,"abstract":"Designed artificial synaptic transistors, which emulate the functions of biological synapses, are intended to achieve information processing and computation, showcasing their promise in advancing artificial intelligence. Herein, we propose a synaptic transistor composed of a partially reduced graphene oxide (prGO) channel and a Nafion electrolyte, operating based on electrochemical reactions of the prGO channel, which are assisted by protons through the Nafion electrolyte. After electrical reduction of a pristine GO channel to the prGO channel by sweeping the drain voltage, the transistor exhibits over 200 distinct conductance states under applications of short gate voltage pulses down to 500 μs width, giving rise to a low energy consumption of 10–50 pJ per gate pulse. Using highly linear and symmetric long-term potentiation and depression characteristics, an image recognition accuracy using an artificial neural network based on a two-layer perceptron model is calculated to be 90%. If gate current pulses are used, the image recognition accuracy further increases to 94%, because of the improved linearity and symmetry of the conductance change. The transistor also exhibits short-term plasticity, such as paired-pulse facilitation and spike-timing-dependent plasticity, with time ranges of less than a few tens of milliseconds. These superior synaptic properties of the Nafion/prGO transistors will offer a remarkable paradigm for the development of neuromorphic computation architectures.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High-performance p-type atomically thin transistors are fundamental components in CMOS-based digital logic circuits for beyond-silicon electronics. Compared with the recent breakthrough in high-quality semimetal contacts approaching the quantum limit on n-type atomically thin channel transistors, achieving high-performance p-type analogues with high-quality contacts remains challenging, which was mainly hindered by the lack of proper high-work-function metallic electrodes with Fermi level unpinning capacity. Herein, we demonstrate that semimetal TiS2 electrodes prepared with a damage-free transfer process can be a feasible option for p-type atomically thin MoTe2 transistors. Owing to its intrinsic large work function (∼5.3 eV) and high-quality contacts with negligible Schottky barrier at the TiS2/MoTe2 interface, the scaled p-type bilayer MoTe2 transistor with 500 nm channel length and the monolayer transistor with 800 nm channel length exhibit a high on-state current (Ion) of 100 μA/μm with the on/off ratio (Ion/off) over 106 and an Ion of 68 μA/μm with the Ion/off ratio over 107, respectively. Such a demonstration will enable monolithic atomically thin MoTe2-based beyond-silicon electronics via the common CMOS technology.
{"title":"High-Quality P-type Contacts for Atomically Thin MoTe2 Transistors with High-Work-Function Semimetal TiS2 Electrodes","authors":"Boyuan Di, Xinlu Li, Xiaokun Wen, Wenyu Lei, Xinyue Xu, Wenchao Kong, Haixin Chang, Jia Zhang, Wenfeng Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c04059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c04059","url":null,"abstract":"High-performance p-type atomically thin transistors are fundamental components in CMOS-based digital logic circuits for beyond-silicon electronics. Compared with the recent breakthrough in high-quality semimetal contacts approaching the quantum limit on n-type atomically thin channel transistors, achieving high-performance p-type analogues with high-quality contacts remains challenging, which was mainly hindered by the lack of proper high-work-function metallic electrodes with Fermi level unpinning capacity. Herein, we demonstrate that semimetal TiS<sub>2</sub> electrodes prepared with a damage-free transfer process can be a feasible option for p-type atomically thin MoTe<sub>2</sub> transistors. Owing to its intrinsic large work function (∼5.3 eV) and high-quality contacts with negligible Schottky barrier at the TiS<sub>2</sub>/MoTe<sub>2</sub> interface, the scaled p-type bilayer MoTe<sub>2</sub> transistor with 500 nm channel length and the monolayer transistor with 800 nm channel length exhibit a high on-state current (<i>I</i><sub>on</sub>) of 100 μA/μm with the on/off ratio (<i>I</i><sub>on/off</sub>) over 10<sup>6</sup> and an <i>I</i><sub>on</sub> of 68 μA/μm with the <i>I</i><sub>on/off</sub> ratio over 10<sup>7</sup>, respectively. Such a demonstration will enable monolithic atomically thin MoTe<sub>2</sub>-based beyond-silicon electronics via the common CMOS technology.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"267 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunsong Cui, Yuhan Li, You Zhou, Xinyu Liu, Junhao Lv
The uncontrollable growth of lithium dendrites and the unstable interface of the lithium metal anode/electrolyte inhibit potential large-scale applications of lithium metal batteries. The polymer artificial solid–electrolyte interface layer shows potential for the homogeneity of ion flux toward a lithium metal electrode. Herein, we design an ionic conductive and stretchable organogel polymer layer as the artificial protective layer via in situ polymerization on an active lithium metal anode, which can accommodate volume changes and maintain enhanced interfacial contact with the electrode. The propylene carbonate and the long alkyl ether in the polymer protective layer contribute to the inducing of uniform Li deposition and enhance ion transport. In addition, the in situ polymerization membrane adheres tightly to the lithium metal anode, which can effectively eliminate the barriers of ionic transport at heterogeneous interfaces and has stretchable strength tending to suppress Li dendrites. As a result, the Li/Li symmetric cell with this artificial polymeric protect layer can stably cycle for over 800 h under 1 mA cm–2 without increased polarization voltage, while the corresponding lithium metal/LiFePO4 full battery delivers high-capacity retention of 102.6, 127.7, and 136.7% after 244, 862, and 976 cycles at 0.3, 1, and 2 C. Furthermore, the lithium metal battery equipped with this artificial layer also shows longer cycling life and higher reversible specific capacity (130.24 mAh g–1) under 1 C and enhanced rate performance than bare Li battery.
{"title":"Ion-Conducting and Stretchable Organogel Polymer Interface Layer for Stabilizing Lithium Metal Anodes via In Situ Polymerization Strategy","authors":"Yunsong Cui, Yuhan Li, You Zhou, Xinyu Liu, Junhao Lv","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c03168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c03168","url":null,"abstract":"The uncontrollable growth of lithium dendrites and the unstable interface of the lithium metal anode/electrolyte inhibit potential large-scale applications of lithium metal batteries. The polymer artificial solid–electrolyte interface layer shows potential for the homogeneity of ion flux toward a lithium metal electrode. Herein, we design an ionic conductive and stretchable organogel polymer layer as the artificial protective layer via in situ polymerization on an active lithium metal anode, which can accommodate volume changes and maintain enhanced interfacial contact with the electrode. The propylene carbonate and the long alkyl ether in the polymer protective layer contribute to the inducing of uniform Li deposition and enhance ion transport. In addition, the in situ polymerization membrane adheres tightly to the lithium metal anode, which can effectively eliminate the barriers of ionic transport at heterogeneous interfaces and has stretchable strength tending to suppress Li dendrites. As a result, the Li/Li symmetric cell with this artificial polymeric protect layer can stably cycle for over 800 h under 1 mA cm<sup>–2</sup> without increased polarization voltage, while the corresponding lithium metal/LiFePO<sub>4</sub> full battery delivers high-capacity retention of 102.6, 127.7, and 136.7% after 244, 862, and 976 cycles at 0.3, 1, and 2 C. Furthermore, the lithium metal battery equipped with this artificial layer also shows longer cycling life and higher reversible specific capacity (130.24 mAh g<sup>–1</sup>) under 1 C and enhanced rate performance than bare Li battery.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photochromic polymers and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) materials show great potential for many applications. To explore the synergy of both characteristics in polymer material areas, we reported the first synthesis of tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-diarylethene (DAE) polymer and its application as a super-resolution probe for imaging self-assembled cylindrical micelles of PSt38k-b-PEO11k. The polymer exhibits high fluorescence ON/OFF ratios, visible-light-driven photocycloreversion, and AIE properties. Compared with other DAE materials studied in super-resolution imaging, our polymer shows advantages of visible-light-driven photocycloreversion, higher resolution, higher fluorescence quantum yield, or higher thermal stability.
{"title":"Dual AIE and Visible-Light-Driven Photoswitchable Polymer for Super-resolution Imaging","authors":"Hongbo Yu, Ruiyao Li, Mei Wu, Chengxin Huang, Shuai Hou, Qinghai Zhou, Feng-Yu Zhu, Fan Xiao, Dongyuan Zhu, Ming-Qiang Zhu, Chong Li, Jingjing Xu, Shengxiong Xiao","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c03246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c03246","url":null,"abstract":"Photochromic polymers and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) materials show great potential for many applications. To explore the synergy of both characteristics in polymer material areas, we reported the first synthesis of tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-diarylethene (DAE) polymer and its application as a super-resolution probe for imaging self-assembled cylindrical micelles of PSt38k-<i>b</i>-PEO11k. The polymer exhibits high fluorescence ON/OFF ratios, visible-light-driven photocycloreversion, and AIE properties. Compared with other DAE materials studied in super-resolution imaging, our polymer shows advantages of visible-light-driven photocycloreversion, higher resolution, higher fluorescence quantum yield, or higher thermal stability.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns combine textile adaptability, conductivity, and electrothermal functionality, positioning them as a key material for advancing flexible smart fabrics, particularly in electrothermal applications. However, their widespread use is hindered by safety concerns related to exposed CNT yarns acting as electrical heating elements and their intrinsic black color, which limits aesthetic flexibility in textile design. Therefore, flexible encapsulation of CNTs is essential for unlocking their full industrial potential. This study demonstrates the successful application of solution blow spinning (SBS) technology for encapsulating CNT yarns, emphasizing its scalability and efficiency in producing flexible, electro-responsive conductive yarns with significantly enhanced mechanical properties. Various polymers, including ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), polylactic acid (PLA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), are explored for encapsulating CNT yarns, significantly reducing the risk of electrical exposure and providing tunable color options by effectively covering the yarns’ intrinsic blackness. SBS also enhances yarn performance and durability. Among them, C-PE (CNT core with UHMWPE sheath) exhibits a remarkable improvement in abrasion resistance, with the cycle count increasing from 35 to 3115. C-PVDF (CNT core with PVDF sheath) demonstrates significant improvements in elongation, increasing from 42.8% to 63.6%. Furthermore, incorporating thermochromic-enhanced polymers enables real-time temperature visualization, offering both functional and aesthetic versatility. These advancements pave the way for high-performance, multifunctional smart textiles tailored for wearable electronic applications.
{"title":"Electro-Responsive Thermochromic and Mechanically Enhanced CNT Yarns through Solution Blow Spinning Encapsulation","authors":"Hongmei Dai, Jiaxin Li, Chao Jia, Yaling Zhai, Guichao Tian, Xuefen Wang, Hengxue Xiang, Meifang Zhu","doi":"10.1021/acsami.4c23025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.4c23025","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns combine textile adaptability, conductivity, and electrothermal functionality, positioning them as a key material for advancing flexible smart fabrics, particularly in electrothermal applications. However, their widespread use is hindered by safety concerns related to exposed CNT yarns acting as electrical heating elements and their intrinsic black color, which limits aesthetic flexibility in textile design. Therefore, flexible encapsulation of CNTs is essential for unlocking their full industrial potential. This study demonstrates the successful application of solution blow spinning (SBS) technology for encapsulating CNT yarns, emphasizing its scalability and efficiency in producing flexible, electro-responsive conductive yarns with significantly enhanced mechanical properties. Various polymers, including ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), polylactic acid (PLA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), are explored for encapsulating CNT yarns, significantly reducing the risk of electrical exposure and providing tunable color options by effectively covering the yarns’ intrinsic blackness. SBS also enhances yarn performance and durability. Among them, C-PE (CNT core with UHMWPE sheath) exhibits a remarkable improvement in abrasion resistance, with the cycle count increasing from 35 to 3115. C-PVDF (CNT core with PVDF sheath) demonstrates significant improvements in elongation, increasing from 42.8% to 63.6%. Furthermore, incorporating thermochromic-enhanced polymers enables real-time temperature visualization, offering both functional and aesthetic versatility. These advancements pave the way for high-performance, multifunctional smart textiles tailored for wearable electronic applications.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zinc–bromine flow batteries (ZBFBs) hold great promise for grid-scale energy storage owing to their high theoretical energy density and cost-effectiveness. However, conventional ZBFBs suffer from inhomogeneous zinc deposition and sluggish Br2/Br– redox kinetics, resulting in a short cycle life and low power density. Herein, a multiscale porous electrode with abundant nitrogen-containing functional groups is developed by growing zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 in situ on graphite felts, followed by a facile carbonization process to simultaneously tackle both the challenges. Theoretical and experimental results reveal that nitrogen-containing functional groups exhibit a high adsorption energy toward zinc atoms, while the microstructures promote pore-level mass transport, thereby resulting in compact and uniform zinc deposition. In the meantime, the electrode boosts the Br2/Br– reaction kinetics due to its high catalytic activity and large surface area. As a result, the ZBFBs equipped with optimized electrodes at both negative and positive sides can operate at an ultrahigh current density of 250 mA cm–2 while maintaining an energy efficiency of 68.0%, far surpassing that with pristine graphite felts (50.7%). Remarkably, the battery exhibits excellent cycling stability over 2000 cycles without obvious decay. This study provides a simple yet effective method for developing high-performance electrodes to tackle the critical challenges in ZBFBs, thereby promoting the commercialization of this promising energy storage technology.
{"title":"Reaction Kinetics and Mass Transfer Synergistically Enhanced Electrodes for High-Performance Zinc–Bromine Flow Batteries","authors":"Jiayi Li, Zeyu Xu, Maochun Wu","doi":"10.1021/acsami.4c22329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.4c22329","url":null,"abstract":"Zinc–bromine flow batteries (ZBFBs) hold great promise for grid-scale energy storage owing to their high theoretical energy density and cost-effectiveness. However, conventional ZBFBs suffer from inhomogeneous zinc deposition and sluggish Br<sub>2</sub>/Br<sup>–</sup> redox kinetics, resulting in a short cycle life and low power density. Herein, a multiscale porous electrode with abundant nitrogen-containing functional groups is developed by growing zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 in situ on graphite felts, followed by a facile carbonization process to simultaneously tackle both the challenges. Theoretical and experimental results reveal that nitrogen-containing functional groups exhibit a high adsorption energy toward zinc atoms, while the microstructures promote pore-level mass transport, thereby resulting in compact and uniform zinc deposition. In the meantime, the electrode boosts the Br<sub>2</sub>/Br<sup>–</sup> reaction kinetics due to its high catalytic activity and large surface area. As a result, the ZBFBs equipped with optimized electrodes at both negative and positive sides can operate at an ultrahigh current density of 250 mA cm<sup>–2</sup> while maintaining an energy efficiency of 68.0%, far surpassing that with pristine graphite felts (50.7%). Remarkably, the battery exhibits excellent cycling stability over 2000 cycles without obvious decay. This study provides a simple yet effective method for developing high-performance electrodes to tackle the critical challenges in ZBFBs, thereby promoting the commercialization of this promising energy storage technology.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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